• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1101-1106
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• 2006

생물학적 영양소 제거공정의 하수처리장에서 운전온도가 낮은 겨울철 기간중 사상성 미생물에 의한 Bulking 문제가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 사상성 세균의 한 종류인 M. parvicella의 성장에 의한 Bulking 문제를 C시 하수처리장과 파일럿 시설을 이용하여 검토하였다. Full-scale 시설은 1일 처리용량이 $51,000m^3/d$이고 F/M비는 0.12 kgBOD/kgMLVSS/d이며 SRT는 25일 이상으로 운전되고 있었다. 본 시설은 2003년 생물학적 영양소 제거공정으로 전환된 이후 운전온도가 $15^{\circ}C$ 이하의 저온으로 운전될 때 Bulking과 그로 인해 반응조내 거품현상이 주기적으로 발생되어 왔다. 파일럿 플랜트는 Full-scale과 동일한 시스템 및 폐수를 이용하였으며 1일 처리용량은 3.8 톤이고 운전온도는 $10^{\circ}C$에서 $25^{\circ}C$이었으며 SRT는 10일에서 25일 사이로 운전되었다. Full-scale에서는 온도변화에 따른 M. parvicella 성장과 SVI 변화 양상이 검토되었다. 아울러 파일럿 시설에서는 DO와 SRT를 변화시키면서 그에 따른 Bulking 미생물의 성장과 SVI 변화 형태를 분석하였다. 3년간 Full-scale의 운전결과를 분석한 결과 여름철 기간은 SVI가 160 이하의 양호한 분포를 나타내는 가운데 M. parvicella에 의해 더 이상 침전효율이 저조한 결과를 나타내지 않고 있었다. 반면 낮은 운전온도에서는 SVI가 300 이상의 높은 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구결과 DO 농도를 2-4 mg/L로 운전하거나 SRT를 20일 이내로 유지하였을 경우 M. parvicella에 의한 Bulking 문제가 효과적으로 제어되었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2011

The various process parameters of thermal spray process affects on quality of Ni-based coatings. Thus, there is need to analyze the effect of process parameters on quality of Ni-based coatings. In this paper, the effects of process parameters on hardness and wear rate of Ni-based coatings were investigated using 4 design of experiments. First, the Ni-based coatings were fabricated according to $L_9(3^4)$ orthogonal array. The hardness tests and the wear tests were performed on the Ni-based coatings. The analysis of variance for the hardness and wear rate were carried out. As a results, the acetylene gas flow and the powder feed rate were identified as main factors effected on the hardness and the oxygen gas flow and the acetylene gas flow were identified as main factors effected on the wear rate. The full factorial experiments design with different levels was applied for investigation of effect of these main factors.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2006

The study examined the effects of $CO_2$ enrichment on growth of soybean (Glycine max). Two soybean varieties were used, Taekwang and Cheongja. The plants were grown in growth chambers with a 12-h photoperiod and a day/night temperature of $28/21^{\circ}C$ at the seedling stage and $30/23^{\circ}C$ from the flowering stage. The plants were exposed to the two elevated $CO_2$ levels of 500 and 700 ppm and the ambient level of 350 ppm. Results of the experiment showed that at the second-node trifoliate stage of the two varieties, the elevated $CO_2$ increased plant height, leaf area and dry weight. The elevated $CO_2$ also raised the photosynthetic rate of soybean as compared to the ambient level. From the beginning bloom stage to the full maturity stage of the two varieties, the elevated $CO_2$ increased plant height, leaf area, seed weight and photosynthetic rate. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased on long days relative to short days of treatment. Through the entire stages, the elevated $CO_2$ increased the water use efficiency of soybean plants because stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased at the elevated $CO_2$ levels relative to the ambient level.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.807-817
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• 2016

A novel fast algorithm is suggested for a coding unit (CU) mode decision using pseudo rate-distortion based on a separated encoding structure in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). A conventional HEVC encoder requires a large computational time for a CU mode prediction because prediction and transformation procedures are applied to obtain a rate-distortion cost. Hence, for the practical application of HEVC encoding, it is necessary to significantly reduce the computational time of CU mode prediction. As described in this paper, under the proposed separated encoder structure, it is possible to decide the CU prediction mode without a full processing of the prediction and transformation to obtain a rate-distortion cost based on a suitable condition. Furthermore, to construct a suitable condition to improve the encoding speed, we employ a pseudo rate-distortion estimation based on a Hadamard transformation and a simple quantization. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a 38.68% reduction in the total encoding time with a similar coding performance to that of the HEVC reference model.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2016

3개 이상의 송신안테나를 사용하고, 개루프 상황 하에서 준직교 시공간 블록 코드(Quasi-Orthogonal STBC, QO-STBC)는 완전한 전송률 및 최대의 다중화 이득에 근접한 효과를 얻을 수 있는 코드로 기존에 제안되어 왔다. 그러나, 기존의 QO-STBC는 검출행렬의 간섭성분으로 인한 성능 열화 및 높은 복호 복잡도를 요구하는 단점이 있다. 이에 따라 최근에 이러한 QO-STBC에 특정 로테이션 행렬을 곱해주는 간단한 복호를 통해 복호 복잡도를 줄이면서 간섭 성분을 제거하는 방법이 제안되었고, 본 논문에서는 이를 좀 더 일반화하여 EVD(Eigenvalue Decompostion) 기법을 이용하여 간섭성분을 제거하는 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of shading conditions for appropriate light level for several floricultural plants native to Korea. The results under the different shading levels of 0, 30, 50, 60% and full sun light are as follows; Growth of Miscanthus sinensis and Pennisetum alopecuroides, which are heliophyte plants, were better under 30% shading condition than full sunlight. Higher shading levels was poor than control. Growth of Sedum spectable was decreased when light intensity was decreased. As shading level increased, growth reduction rate in Sedum spectable were higher than that of other species. Growth and ornamental value of Arisaema amurense, which is sciophyte plants, were increased under 50% shading.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2007

Recently, rudder erosion due to cavitation frequently has occurred at large high speed container carriers. Especially, in the case of a horn-type rudder, the rudder erosion is severe around a gap. The gap-flow characteristics are investigated through a computational method to understand the effects of a gap on the cavitation and rudder efficiency. A viscous flow theory utilizing a cavitation model is applied to calculate the flow around idealized 2-dimensional rudder sections in a full scale. The effects of gap clearance and flow-control projection are also investigated. From the computational results, the mass flow rate through a gap is found to be one of the important parameters to affect the cavitation and rudder efficiency.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.110-113
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• 2001

Dielectrometry has been used to monitor the cure of epoxy resin using composite matrix. In this investigation, physical properties of the mixture of epoxy resin(LY564), bisphenol A type, and cycloaliphatic hardener(HY 2954) were observed. Activation energy at maximum tan $\delta$ and gelation point was determined during isothermal scanning. From IonViscosity data, it was found that vitrification peak after gelation was appeared on slow heating rate. It was also measured that the duration time for full cure was necessary and it was about 24 hr at $145^{\circ}C$. Therefore, epoxy resin used in this research is required the extended time for full cure.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.127-130
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• 2007

The conventional feature recombination technique is very effective in the band-limited noise condition, but in broad-band noise condition, the conventional feature recombination technique does not produce notable performance improvement compared with the full-band system. To cope with this drawback, we introduce a new technique of sub-band likelihood computation in the feature recombination, and propose a new feature recombination method by using this sub-band likelihood computation. Furthermore, the reliable sub-band selection based on the signal-to-noise ratio is used to improve the performance of this proposed feature recombination. Experimental results shows that the average error reduction rate in various noise condition is more than 27% compared with the conventional full-band speaker identification system.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 1991

Particulate matter exposure leva1 of welders and grinding workers was evaluated in Banwol and Changwon industry complexes. Full period single sample and full period consecutive samples were collected with personal air samplers attached to workers. Compliance difference with 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) was compared by Korean strategy and the classification system recommended by OHSA for employee exposure to particulates. And difference of compliance was compared according to precision of measurement and analysis (total precision). Compliance rate was depended on the total precision, therefore, quality control of measurement and analysis was important.