• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to determine the fuel change and weight change impact on the fuel economy and emission characteristic of ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) vehicle. According to fuel type, fuel consumption and emission characteristics were measured and fuel used in this paper was gasoline, diesel, and LPG. Four vehicles with different weight were tested and the fuel economy were compared and analyzed by using scatter graph. Test was carried out using chassis dynamometer, CVS (Constant Volume Sampler), and emission measurement system. Diesel vehicle less emited $CO_2$ compared to gasoline and LPG. Even if same $CO_2$ between gasoline and LPG, there are difference fuel economy depending on carbon proportion of specific fuel. The heavier weight of vehicle, the worse of fuel economy and Better fuel economy performance on highway driving mode.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.2 s.42
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2005

Calculation equations of fired fuel comsumption rating at boiler can lead from combustion anal-ysis and boiler heat balance using mass & energy conservations. By comparing calculation equation results with those of measurement, we can confirm the deviation of fuel consumption rate, and correction rate, and correction degree, and can also establish the proven technology to apply the equation at the site. We applied fuel rate equation to the operating power plant and recorded $2.4\%\;&\;1.5\%$ of deviation at each coal and oil fired boilers. This range of deviation is regarded as trustable to apply the fuel consumption equation to the actual site.

• Journal of Drive and Control
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2017

Whereas fuel economy of a vehicle is measured using a chassis dynamometer, that of construction machinery such as an excavator shall be presumably measured using simulated work cycle. In order to measure fuel consumption under a simulated work cycle, a measurement methodology, while excavator operates in dynamic(transient) motion, needs to be examined and developed. In this work, three methods (gravimetry, ECU CAN signal and mass flow meter) are studied and compared. This work reveals that when ECU CAN signal is properly calibrated and evaluated, compared to gravimetry or mass flowmeter, it could be used to measure fuel consumption with accuracy and thus for approval of the fuel economy of construction machinery.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2007

Because of the low temperature operation, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell has a water phase transition. Therefore, water management is an important operation issue in a PEM fuel cell because the liquid water in the fuel cell causes electrode flooding that can lower the cell performance under high current density conditions. In this study, in order to understand the reactant distributions in the cathode channels of the PEM fuel cell, an experimental technique that can measure the species concentrations of reactant gases by using gas chromatograph (GC) is applied for an operating PEM fuel cell. The oxygen distribution along the cathode flow channels of PEM fuel cell is mainly investigated with various operating conditions. Also, the relations between cathode flooding and oxygen concentrations and oxygen consumption pattern along the cathode channel configurations of the unit cell adopted for this study are discussed using GC measurement and visualization experiment of cathode flooding. It is found that the amount of oxygen consumption is very sensitive to various operating conditions of the fuel cell and was much affected by the flooding occurrence in cathode channels.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.530-533
• /
• 2008

배출가스 및 이산화탄소 등 환경규제 강화와 에너지 고갈 문제는 기존의 내연기관, 동력전달장치, 소재 등의 성능 향상과 함께 대체에너지를 사용하는 자동차의 필요성이 증가하고 있으며, 이에 따라 수소연료전지자동차 등의 상용화가 요구되고 있다. 기존 자동차와는 패러다임이 전혀 다른 수소연료전지자동차는 현재 다양한 방향으로 연구 개발되고 있으므로 수소연료전지자동차 관련 평가기술 중 연료소비율 측정방법도 그에 따라 개발되고 진행되어야 할 것이나 현재 국내에 이와 관련한 체계적인 연구가 미미한 실정이며, 국제적인 표준도 현재 설정되어 있지 않은 상황이다. 따라서 현재까지 진행 중인 수소연료전지자동차 연료소비율 측정방법에 대한 기준 동향 및 연구 사례 조사를 통해 관련 연구 계획의 수립과 향후 수소연료전지자동차 연료소비율에 대한 평가기술 도출을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2011

Evaluation of fuel consumption for the various road condition and vehicle type is necessary to perform the economic analysis of road construction which is important for the efficient design and management of road. Economic analysis of road should consider the social cost which can be divided into agency cost including initial construction expense, maintenance cost, and so on, and user cost consisting of vehicle operating cost, congestion cost, etc. Since vehicle operating cost depends on the traffic volume, fuel consumption that is a major part of vehicle operating cost will change by traffic volume as well. Fuel consumption is significantly affected by vehicle speed and road condition, especially the roughness. Thus, fuel consumption should be evaluated in terms of road condition, which is not currently considered. In this study, the estimation model of fuel consumption for the passenger cars in Korea has been developed by considering the road condition. First, the relationship between vehicle speed and fuel consumption that is used to calculate the vehicle operating cost for investment evaluation of transportation facility and the initial feasibility study of road construction was investigated. Second, with the consideration of road roughness, fuel consumption of the passenger car was measured. From the measurement, it was found that fuel consumption increased by $80m{\ell}$ per 100km driving as the roughness increased by 1m/km. Therefore, it is recommended that for the economic analysis of road design and management, the fuel consumption should be a function of road roughness.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2004

A study of the propeny and performance effect of Indolene - Methanol Plus High Alcolhols (MPHA) has been completed. This study invested the measurement of fuel properties and performance parameters. The fuel properties investigated are distillation characteristics, heating valuer flash point, specific gravity and water tolerance. The performance parameters measured are minimum advance for best torque (MBT) spark timing, power output. The alcohol concentration was varied from 0 to 100 percent by volume in clear Indolene. The measurement of fuel properties indicated that, in general, Indolene - MPHA blends have higher water tolerance, similar specific gravity, similar flash point and different distillation characteristics compared to Indolene - Methanol blends. The performance parameters were measured using a single cylinder spark ignition engine at different compression ratios. The results of the performance measurements indicated that Indolene - MPHA blends have a higher MBT spark advance, similar power output.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.1485-1494
• /
• 2023

The bow of the nuclear fuel assembly is a well-known phenomenon. One of the vital criteria during the history of nuclear fuel development has been fuel assembly's mechanical stability. Once present, the fuel assembly bow can lead to safety issues like excessive water gap and power redistribution or even incomplete rod insertion (IRI). The extensive bow can result in assembly handling and loading problems. This is why the fuel assembly's bow is one of the most often controlled geometrical factors during periodic fuel inspections for VVER when compared e.g. to on-site fuel rod gap measurements or other instrumental measurements performed on-site. Our proposed screening method uses existing video records for fuel inspection. We establish video frames normalization and aggregation for the purposes of bow measurement. The whole process is done by digital image processing algorithms which analyze rotations of video frames, extract angles whose source is the fuel set torsion, and reconstruct torsion schema. This approach provides results comparable to the commonly utilized method. We tested this new approach in real operation on 19 fuel assemblies with different campaign numbers and designs, where the average deviation from other methods was less than 2 % on average. Due to the fact, that the method has not yet been validated during full scale measurements of the fuel inspection, the preliminary results stand for that we recommend this method as a complementary part of standard bow measurement procedures to increase measurement robustness, lower time consumption and preserve or increase accuracy. After completed validation it is expected that the proposed method allows standalone fuel assembly bow measurements.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2000

In a SI engine, three-way catalyst converter has the best efficiency when A/F ratio is near the stoichiometry. The feedback control using oxygen sensors in the commercial engine has limits caused by the system delays. So it is necessary to control fuel quantity in accordance with intake air amount in order to reduce exhaust emission and improve the specific fuel consumption. Precise A/F ratio control requires measurement of air amount with respect to the cylinder and injection fuel according to the air amount In this paper, we applied nonlinear fuel injection model and developed the algorithm of A/F ratio control. This algorithm includes the methods of measurement of transient air mass flowing into each cylinder, of calculation of injection pulse width for measured air mass, and the method of feedback and engine control by using lambda sensor. Also we developed control program for IBM-PC by using C++ Builder, and tested it in the commercial engine.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2007

Fuel efficiency is one of the major issues in regard to energy and environment. As customers desire more comfortable vehicles, increase of accessory traction force is necessary. Air conditioning system (ACS) consumes the biggest traction force among accessories, especially during summer. This means ACS is the primary object deteriorating fuel economy among accessories. Since direct measurement of traction force and fuel consumption in practical vehicle is difficult, comparison analysis is taken between vehicle with and without ACS working. For this comparison, real time measurements are carried out to know ACS traction force and fuel consumption. As a result of the comparison, a vehicle without ACS operation was 15.92% superior to a vehicle with ACS operating. It could be used as a fundamental material for improvement ACS for better fuel efficiency.