• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.92-96
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• 2003

Feul-Cell system consists of fuel reformer, stack and energy translator. Among these parts, stack is a core part which produces electricity directly. In order to set a stack module, fabrication of appropriate stack, design of water flow path in stack and control of coolant are needed. Especially, oater or air is used as a coolant to dissipate heat. The different temperature of each electric cell after cooling affects the performance of the stack. Therefore, it is necessary that the relationship between coolant hearing rate, width of stack, properties of stack, and the shape of water flow path must be understood. For the optimal design, the computational simulation by CFD-ACE has been conducted and the resulting database has been constructed.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.465-477
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• 2023

In proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), proper thermal management of the stack and moisture generation by electrochemical reactions significantly affect fuel cell performance. In this study, the PEMFC dynamic characteristic model was developed through Simcenter AMESim, a development program. In addition, the developed model aims to understand the thermal resin balance of the stack and performance characteristics for input loads. The developed model applies the thermal management model of the stack and the moisture content and permeability model to simulate voltage loss and stack thermal behavior precisely. This study extended the C based AMESet (adaptive modeling environment submodeling tool) to simulate electrochemical reactions inside the stack. Fuel cell model of AMESet was liberalized with AMESim and then integrated with the balance of plant (BOP) model and analyzed. And It is intended to be used in component design through BOP analysis. The resistance loss of the stack and thermal behavior characteristics were predicted, and the impact of stack performance and efficiency was evaluated.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 2007년도 추계학술 발표회
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• pp.193-198
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• 2007

KIER has been developing the anode supported flat tubular SOFC stack for the intermediate temperature $(700{\sim}800^{\circ}C)$ operation. for this purpose, we have first fabricated anode supported flat tubular cells by the optimization between the current collecting method and the induction brazing process. After that we designed the compact fuel & air manifold by adopting the simulation technique to uniformly supply fuel & air gas and the unique seal & insulation method to make the more compact stack. For making stack, the prepared anode-supported flat tubular cells with effective electrode area of $90cm^2$ of connected in series with 12 modules, in which one module consists of two cells connected in parallel. The performance of stack in 3 % humidified $H_2$ and air at $800^{\circ}C$ shows maximum power of 507 W. Through these experiments, we obtained basic & advanced technology of the anode-supported flat tubular cell and established the proprietary concept of the anode-supported flat tubular SOFC stack in KIER.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2010

소형 PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) 연료전지 시스템은 가습이 필요치 않아 상용화의 가능성이 크지만 그 제어 방법은 뚜렷하게 정립되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 소형 PEM 연료전지 시스템의 제어를 위해 이중 루프 구조의 제어방식을 정립하고 DSP (Digital Signal Processor)를 이용하여 구현한다. 일반적으로 연료전지 시스템에서 제어의 핵심 요소는 크게 공기와 수소의 공급, 스택 내부의 수분 관리, 스택의 온도 관리로 나뉜다. 별도의 가습이 없이 공랭식으로 구동되는 소형 PEM 연료전지 스택의 제어에 있어서 팬은 스택의 공기 공급과 열관리 및 수분관리를 위한 핵심적인 역할을 하며, 퍼지밸브는 스택 내부의 잉여수분을 배출한다. 제안된 방식은 이중 제어루프를 이용한 팬의 제어를 통해 팬의 과도응답을 빠르게 하여 공기의 공급 속도를 개선시키며, 연료전지 스택의 전압변화를 피드백 하여 보상해줌으로써 연료전지가 부하변동에 대해 신속한 응답 특성을 갖도록 하였다. 제안된 방법의 유용함은 60W급 소형 PEM 연료전지 시스템의 실험과 이를 이용한 노트북 컴퓨터의 구동을 통해 검증된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2013

A clear understanding on cell voltage-reversal behavior due to local hydrogen starvation in a stack is of paramount importance to operate the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) stably since it affects significantly the cell performance and durability. In the present study, a novel experimental method to simulate the local cell voltage-reversal behavior caused by local hydrogen starvation, which typically occurs only one or several cells out of several hundred cells in a stack of FCV, has been proposed. Contrary to the conventional method of overall fuel starvation, the present method of local hydrogen starvation caused the local cell voltage-reversal behavior in a stack very well. Degradation of both membrane electrode assembly (i.e., pin-hole formation) and gas diffusion layer due to an excessive exothermic heat under voltage-reversal condition was also observed clearly.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.388-391
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• 2005

In this paper, Cell voltage monitoring method is studied for fault detection of PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) for FCEV(fuel cell electric vehicle). To measuring several hundred of cells in fuel cell stack, The demanded feature of hardware and software is studied and several types are analysed. Finally, $3.26\%$ maximum measuring error is acquired and verified experimentally.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 2011

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is one of the popular renewable energy sources and widely used in commercial medium power areas from portable electronic devices to electric vehicles. In addition, the increased integration of the PEM fuel cell with power electronics, dynamic loads, and control systems requires accurate electrical models and simulation methods to emulate their electrical behaviors. Advancement in parallel computation techniques, various real-time simulation tools, and smart power hardware have allowed the prototyping of novel apparatus to be investigated in a virtual system under a wide range of realistic conditions repeatedly, safely, and economically. This paper builds up advancements of optimized model constructions for a fuel cell stack system on a real-time simulator in the view points of improving dynamic model accuracy and boosting computation speed. In addition, several considerations for a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation are provided to electrically emulate the PEM fuel cell stack system with power facilities. The effectiveness of the proposed PHIL simulation method developed on Opal RT's RT-Lab Matlab/Simulink based real-time engineering simulator and a programmable power supply is verified using experimental results of the proposed PHIL simulation system with a Ballard Nexa fuel cell stack.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.469-475
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 소형 PEM(Proton Exchange Membrane) 연료전지 스택의 마이크로프로세서를 이용한 제어에 관하여 소개한다. 연료전지 제어의 핵심 기술인 스택 내부의 수분 관리는 부하에 의해 요구되는 연료와 온도에 따른 냉각용 공기의 유량을 적절하게 조절하고, 잉여수분을 스택으로부터 배출시킴으로써 성취된다. 이러한 주변장치(BOS: Balance of Stack)의 제어는 시스템의 안정적인 운전을 좌우하는 중요한 요소이기 때문에 이를 정확하게 제어하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 최적 운전조건에서 공기유량과 퍼지주기를 측정하고 이를 바탕으로 BOS를 제어함으로써 BOS의 소비전력을 최소화하여 연료 효율을 향상시킬 수 있었으며, 이를 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 마이크로프로세서를 이용하여 개발된 제어기는 시스템의 운전 안정성을 향상시켜 소형 연료전지 스택의 제어에 널리 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.137-141
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• 2007

The startup behaviour of PEM fuel cells at subfreeze zero is one of the most challenging tasks to be solved before PEM fuel cell vehicle is commercialized. Automotive companies are trying to increase cold statup capability of fuel cell. In this study, we found out the design factor of the stack to increase cold startup capability using 4kW stack and then cold startup test was performed at the various shutdown condition and the various current. In order to test the cold startup possibility and capability in vehicle, we installed 80kW stack in the vehicle and this 80kW fuel cell vehicle was housed in an environmental chamber to investigate the characteristics of cold startup and driving. We found that it is possible for fuel cell vehicle with 80kW stack to self-heated cold startup and drive at $-15^{\circ}C$.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.90.1-90.1
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• 2011

This technology is applicable to Electrical vehicle that using Energy from Hydrogen Fueled Cell. Electricity & water is got from chemical reaction between H2 & O2 in stack. This technology is used when fault diagnosis of Fuel cell is needed. It is General method that measure each cell's voltage of stack for fault diagnosis. but, this technology is method of measuring entire voltage of stack. For this reason, fault diagnosis system is simplified and cost of system is lower than previous one. In normal stack condition, characteristic graph of voltage-current has linearity. In fault stack condition, it has non-linearity. we use this characteristic to diagnosis of stack fault. In this technology, Specific frequency current is injected into stack & Stack voltage is measured in response. After that, stack voltage difference is analyzed to diagnosis of stack fault. Presently, Development of current injection module & basic program of THDA is finished. in future we will develop the technology of precise measurement technology about entire stack voltage.