• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2011

Effectiveness of edible coatings containing soy protein isolate (SPI), in reducing oxidative browning and moisture loss during storage ($4^{\circ}C$) of cut apples, potatoes, carrots, and onions was investigated. The SPI coatings were shown to have antioxidative activity. Furthermore, addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the formulations significantly improved its antioxidative activity. Oxidative discoloration, as determined by Commission Internationale De I'Eclairage (CIE) lightness ($L^*$), redness ($a^*$), and yellowness ($b^*$) color scale, was significantly reduced (p <0.05) by SPI coating treatments over a storage time of 120 min. Loss of lightness was reduced by SPI coatings with and without CMC. These respectively showed 4.03 and 3.71% change of $L^*$ value compared to 8.56% for control. Browning of the control in cut potatoes was significantly increased by 106.6% in contrast to 34.3 and 35.2% for SPI coatings with and without CMC, respectively. The $b^*$ values also reflected effectiveness of SPI. Moisture barrier effect was significantly better for the treatments, compared to the control. SPI coatings reduced moisture loss in apples and potatoes, respectively, by 21.3 and 29.6% over the control. Cut onions did not show any treatment effect both in terms of browning and moisture loss. SPI coatings prove to be good moisture barrier and antioxidative property.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.202-208
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• 2013

본 연구애서는 '후지' 사과의 CA 저장을 실용화하기 위하여 수확시기와 일정기간 저온저장한 후 CA 환경을 설정하는 지연 CA 처리가 저장 중 내부갈변장해와 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1차 년도에 '후지' 사과를 10월 22일에 수확하였을 때 밀병 발생율이 40%였고, CA 환경 조성($O_2\;2.5{\pm}0.5%+CO_2\;2.5{\pm}0.5%$)을 20일 지연 CA 저장하였을 때는 내부갈변이 발생하였으나, 30일 지연 CA 저장에서는 내부갈변이 발생하지 않았다. 2차 년도에는 수확시기가 늦어질수록 밀병 발생율이 높았고, 이러한 과실은 10~30일 지연 CA 처리구에서 내부갈변장해가 발생하였으나, 40일 지연 CA 처리구에서는 내부갈변장해가 발생하지 않았다. 호흡량은 저온저장 과실에서는 저장기간이 길어질수록 급격히 증가하였으나 지연 CA 저장에서는 호흡량이 낮게 유지되었고, 급속 CA 저장에 비해서 차이를 보이지 않았다. 에틸렌 발생량은 지연 CA 저장한 과실들이 저온저장에 비해서 낮았으나, 급속 CA 저장에 비해서는 다소 높은 발생량을 보였다. 산 함량은 지연 CA 저장이 급속 CA 저장에 비해 저장기간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향이었고, 경도는 저장 8개월 후에도 급속 CA 처리구와 지연 CA 처리구간에는 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2015

'Taichung No. 2' is a new Asian pear cultivar developed in Taiwan with low chilling requirement; however, is likely to develop internal browning disorder under low temperature storage conditions. We investigated the impact of storage time on flesh browning disorder in pears harvested from 22 orchards in 2010 and 2011, and analyzed the levels of nutrients in different fruit parts such as the peel, flesh, and core. Calcium and potassium contents were higher in the flesh and peel, respectively, of more severely browned fruits, whereas a lower magnesium content was recorded in the peel and core of these fruits. Nitrogen and potassium contents in the peel, and calcium content in the flesh were positively correlated with browning disorder severity. By contrast, the magnesium content in the core was negatively correlated with browning disorder severity. However, the nutrient contents in fruits varied between the two sampling years considered. Only the K/Mg ratio was an effective predictor of the browning disorder severity and showed a positive linear correlation in the two years. We recommend that the K/Mg ratio should be lower than 10 to avoid severe browning disorder in pears.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.206-212
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• 2009

실제로 동해가 발생한 해의 기온 경과양상에 근거한 저온처리조합을 만들어 복숭아 나무 '장호원황도' 품종의 휴면지에 처리하여 갈변정도와 발아를 관찰함으로써 시기에 따른 휴면지의 부위별 동해양상과 동해유발 온도를 파악하였다. 갈변율의 경우 $-15^{\circ}C$에서 꽃눈은 10%, 잎눈과 형성층은 3% 미만이었으며 $-20^{\circ}C$에서는 꽃눈과 잎눈은 40%, 형성층은 1%이었다. $-25^{\circ}C$에서의 갈변율은 꽃눈과 잎눈이 86%와 68%, 형성층은 40% 이상이었고 $-30^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 부위에서 100% 갈변되었다. 잎눈 발아의 경우 대조구(무처리)의 발아율을 100%로 두었을 때 $-15^{\circ}C$에서는 85%, $-20^{\circ}C$에서는 66%, $-25^{\circ}C$에서는 32%의 상대발아율을 보였으며 $-30^{\circ}C$에서는 전혀 발아하지 못했다. 동일한 저온처리의 경우 휴면심도가 깊은 시기로 알려진 1월 말에 채취한 시료에서 갈변율은 낮고 발아율은 높았다. 2월 이후에는 갈변율이 높고 발아율이 낮아 휴면해제 직후가 동해위험에 더 취약한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 1998

The cell membrane properties in relation to flesh browning of Fuyu persimmon fruits during CA storage were studied. Compared to intact fruits, the flesh tissue of browned fruits showed higher rate of electrolyte leakage, indicating incresed membrane permeability. It could be assumed that the increased membrane permeability results in 1eakage of phenolic compounds from vacuole and their oxidation by contacting with PPO, inducing finally the development of flesh browning. In addition, lower content of fatty acids and higher saturation rate of them were found in browned fruits. In conculusion, it was suggested that the inhibited fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid saturation during CA storage cause membrane Permeability to increase.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.331-333
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• 2018

The incorporation of Shiitake culture into sawdust is a widely utilized technique that can assist in reducing the cost and time consumption associated with oak cultivation. In sawdust cultivation, browning of the surface mycelia is an important stage with respect to the utility and longevity of the sawdust media. Surface browning forms a protective coating on the substrate, which can inhibit the invasion of pathogens and suppress water evaporation. Several different light sources (red LED, white LED, blue LED, and fluorescent light) were used and the intensity of illumination was carefully controlled (1.5, 10.5, $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for LEDs and 10, 100, 300 lux for the fluorescent light) to induce browning. The light sources were regulated via a 1 h on/off cycle in a controlled room environment at a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, 60% humidity, and 1200 ppm $CO_2$ concentration for 60days. The browning effect varied depending on the source and the intensity of illumination. This effect was most effectively induced at $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for the red and blue LEDs. All light sources induced less browning at the highest intensity of illumination. This indicates that intensity values higher than $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ in the case of the LEDs and 300 lux for the fluorescent light are not effective. After harvesting of the fruit bodies, we measured the weight, length, and width of the pileus and stipe in addition to their chromaticity and hardness. Treatment with $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ blue LED produced the best harvest with the highest average chromaticity, weight (21.2 g), stipe length (30.8 mm), and hardness (377.9 g), with a fine length and width of the pileus.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2010

`부유' 단감은 주로 MA를 통해서 저장되지만, 저장기간 동안 과육의 과정부 갈변과 과피 흡변을 가져와서 과실의 품질을 저하시킨다. 칼슘은 세포막에 중요한 역할을 하며 칼슘과 관련된 과실 생리장해를 경감시킨다. 본 연구는 수용성 칼슘 관주와 엽면살포가 토양의 화학성, 근활력 그리고 엽 내 무기성분에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 에 대해서 조사하였다. 칼슘 관주(Ca-FG)와 칼슘과 IBA를 혼용한 관주(Ca+IBA)처리는 대조구(Cont), 칼슘 엽면살포(Ca-FA), 그리고 IBA관주처리 (IBA)보다 높은 토양 칼슘함량을 보였으며, 토양 내 칼슐함량의 증가는 pH를 상승시키는 경향을 보였다. Ca+IBA처리는 근활력을 증가시켰다. 엽내 칼슘은 CA-FA에 증가되었고, Ca+IBA와 Ca-FG에 의해서도 증가하는 경향이 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2013

We investigate the effect of preharvest spray of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ACC synthase activity, on fruit quality of 'Wonhwang' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). And the effects were compared with ethephon which releasing ethylene to elucidate treatment efficacy of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor on Asian pears. Chemicals were sprayed on 30 days before harvest with AVG (75 and 150 mg/L) and ethephon (100 mg/L), respectively. Highest flesh firmness during 21 days of shelf-life at $25^{\circ}C$ after 30 days of cold storage was attained in the fruit treated with 150 mg/L AVG (26.5N) when compared with untreated control (16.7N), while the fruits treated with 100 mg/L ethephon completely lost their marketability within 14 days of shelf-life by mass drop of firmness down to 11.6N. Low incidence of physiological disorders including pithiness and core browning were attained at the fruits treated with 150 mg/L AVG when we compared with untreated control. No occurrence of mealiness found in the fruits treated with AVG but ethephon treated fruits showed 36.4% during 14 days of shelf-life. Consequently, AVG spray at the concentration of 150mg/L on Asian pear 'Wonhwang' fruit regarded as useful preharvest management approach for keeping quality during marketing period after simulated exportation.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.507-512
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• 2010

매실(Prunus mume)의 착즙과 건조 특성에 동결 전처리가 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 매실을 동결처리($-20^{\circ}C$)하거나 처리하지 않고 착즙수율과 주스의 품질특성 및 건조속도와 분말의 품질특성을 각각 측정하였다. 매실의 착즙수율과 건조속도는 동결처리구가 무처리구보다 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 압착주스와 건조분말의 L과 b값 및 a값은 동결처리구가 무처리구보다 유의적으로 낮고 높은 수준을 각각 보였다. 압착주스와 건조분말의 유리당과 유기산 함량은 동결 전처리에 따른 유의적인 차이를 나타나지 않았다. 주스의 가용성 고형분 함량, 적정산도 및 pH는 동결 전처리의 영향을 받지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 동결 전처리는 매실의 착즙과 건조 효율을 증대시킬 수 있는 유효한 방법이지만 착즙액과 건조분말의 갈변도가 높은 문제점이 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.497-505
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• 2023

This study evaluated the impact of rain shelters made of plastic film on spring frost damage and fruit quality in Asian pears ('Niitaka') over two years. In 2021, during the coldest spring days (between 0:00 am and 7:00 am), temperatures dropped to -1.20 - 0.43℃ at 120 cm and -1.33 - 0.57℃ at 200 cm above ground level in the control. Conversely, the rain shelter treatment maintained higher temperatures, -0.40 - 0.87℃ at 120 cm and -0.43 - 0.77℃ at 200 cm. Flower damage was significantly lower in the rain-sheltered group, with incidences of 1.3 and 6.9% at 120 and 200 cm, respectively, compared with 18.1 and 22.6% in the control group. Visual observations verified the prevention of frost adhesion on flower organs in the sheltered group, compared with noticeable pistil death and petal browning in the control group. In 2022, when temperatures remained above 0℃, fruitlet stalk length was 5 - 6 mm longer in the sheltered group. The cumulative impact of rain shelters was evident in the improved fruit quality over the two years. This study suggests resilient cultivation strategies in the face of climate change to reduce frost damage, increase productivity, improve fruit quality, and potentially increase incomes of the farmers.