• 설비공학논문집
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.781-785
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• 2002

The effects of different surfaces on dry and wet frosting test were experimentally investigated. The results of experiment were compared by the performance evaluation coefficient (PEC). Results showed that the air-side pressure drop of lacquer coated evaporator increased by 5% as compared to the plasma treated one. It was also found that the Plasma coated evaporator is lower than lacquer coated one in the PEC ratio.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2004

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the frosting behavior on the plate of thermally conductive plastic (PBT based resin) by comparing it with those of aluminum and some plastic test specimens (PTFE based resin). It is found that the frosting behavior of plastic specimens with 1 mm thickness shows similar trend to that of aluminum except PTFE. The properties of frost formed on the specimens are found to be affected by both thermal conductivity and surface characteristics of the materials. The results indicate that the heat and mass transfer rates of PBT resin are almost equivalent to those of aluminum.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 1999

In this work, the defrosting characteristics of PTC heating sheet used as a defrosting heat source of fin-tube heat exchanger in a refrigerator have been experimentally compared with those of conventional electric heater. It is found that the characteristics of water draining rate with defrosting time show smoothly oscillating pattern when PTC heating sheet is used, and the drained water is completely melted. The defrosting efficiency of the PTC heating sheet is about 75%, which represents about 25% higher than that of the electric heater. A reduction of defrosting time and an increase of defrosting efficiency may be obtained by improving the arrangement of heating elements of the heating sheet. It is shown that the defrosting time of PTC heating sheet increases linearly with the amount of frost, however the defrosting efficiency is nearly constant. In the application to the refrigerating system, one should notice the fact that the defrosting performance of PTC heating sheet may be defraded due to the repeated operations.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.75-77
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• 2013

In this study, the characteristics of temperature history was evaluated for three hot wires with different capacity installed in slab concrete which are relatively thin. Results can be summarized as follows. First, for the case of material using 5W hot wire, all decreased to below zero at or around 24 hours. Similarly, the material using 20W hot wire decreased to 2℃ below zero at or around 80 hours but satisfied the accumulative temperature of 45° D·D at 7 days of material age. On the other hand, the case of 30W hot wire, the biggest capacity, showed the high temperature history of 5℃ in average at all areas except the corners. Thus, the target accumulative temperature was secured at or around the 3 days of material age. Considering the above, the initial damage by freezing can be prevented only if 20W or higher hot wires are used for the slabs at -10℃ of extremely low temperature environment.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2022

최근 건설시장의 다각화와 미래 에너지 자원개발이라는 관점에서 미개발된 에너지 자원(석유, 천연가스 등)이 대량으로 매장되어 있는 극한지(북극권) 개발 사업이 활발히 추진되고 있다. 이러한 지역에서는 극한의 기후로 인한 동토 지반의 침하나 동상 등의 문제가 항상 발생하기 때문에 지반 구조물의 안정성 확보를 위해 열적 특성 분석이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 동토 지역에서 지반동결과 관련된 문제들을 평가하고 기술적으로 해결하기 위한 기초 자료 제공을 목적으로, 캐나다 앨버타주 오일샌드 매장 지역의 동토 시료에 대한 열적 특성을 국내 시료와 비교·분석하였다. 일련의 실내 실험을 통해 동결온도에 대한 시간에 따른 부동 수분량을 측정하여 흙의 종류와 동결온도가 부동 수분량에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였고, 토양의 잠열, 열용량 및 열전도도를 정확하게 파악하기 위하여 동결/비동결 조건에 대한 열전도도 실내 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 동결 완료 후 온도별로 상이한 부동 수분량과 열전도도 특성은 동토 지역 동결온도가 동토의 역학 거동에 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 규명하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

본 연구는 착상이 일어나는 조건에서 작은 사각 덕트내의 습공기의 층류유동에서 열 및 물질전달특성을 이해하고자 수행되었다. 알루미늄 평판이 열교환기의 핀부분을 모사하기 위하여 사용되었다. 알루미늄 표면온도는 착상조건에서의 열 및 물질전달 특성을 조사하여 해석하기 위하여 측정되었다. 또한 열교환기 공기측 채널에서 착상에 의한 air-blocking효과를 화인하기 위해 압력강하가 측정되었다. 그리고 착상조건에서 습공기의 국소 특성을 해석하기 위한 방법이 제시되었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2007

Since the Liquid Phase LPG injection (LPLI) system has Advantages in power generation and emission characteristics compared to the mixer-type fuel-supply system, a variety of studies regarding LPLi system has been conducted and its applications are made in automobile industry. However, the heat extraction due to the evaporation of liquid fuel, causes not only a post-accumulation of fuel but also an icing phenomenon which is a frost of moisture in the air around the nozzle tip. Since there exists a difficulty in the accurate control of air fuel ratio in both fuel supply systems, it can result in poor engine performance and a large amount of harmful emissions. This research examines the characteristics of icing phenomenon and develops anti-icing bushing to prevent an icing on the surface of the injection tip. It was found that n-butane, which has a relatively high boiling point ($-0.5^{\circ}C$), was a main species of post-accumulation. Also the results show that the post-accumulation problem was allevaited the utilization of a large inner to outer bore ratio and smooth surface roughness. In addition, an icing phenomenon and its formation process were found to be mainly affected by the humidity and the temperature of inlet air in an inlet duct. Also, it was observed that an icing phenomenon is lessened using aluminum bushing whose end coincides with the end of fuel injection tip in length.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2005

Both theoretical and experimental investigations were conducted to analyze defrosting behavior of a window heater operating in the low outdoor temperature($-20^{\circ}C$). To achieve this purpose, first a warm-chamber experiment($23^{\circ}C$) was performed to measure inner and outer surface temperature of the rear window(heated by the electric heater supplying 195 W) as functions of both time and position. Secondly, a cold chamber experiment was made to continuously record defrosting process of the frosted window. From the comparisons of the two experimental results, it was found that there was a similarity between the spatial distributions of both temperature and remaining frost. Thus, the temperature data from the warm-chamber experiments can be utilized to predict an expected zone covered with remaining frosts, and this approach can also be adopted in the inspection process in order to economically guarantee optimized performance of the window heater. Finally, an analytical model based on one-dimensional, steady-state heat transfer theories was proposed and successfully predicted the outer surface temperature of the rear window surrounded by cold air($-20^{\circ}C$) for the given operating conditions(heater power, inside and outside heat transfer coefficients, and surrounding air temperature, etc.).

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.43-53
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• 1989

In this research programs, a series test was conducted to show the effects of freeze/thaw process on the various soil properties. The tests were carried out taken from the west sea shore of Korean peninsular and the west sea shore of Scotland, and their results are as follows; 1. There was a positive total heave in a freezing run, although water may he expelled for the sample initially. The water flow must he reverse' from expulsion to intake. 2. The confining pressure had an overriding influence on the heave and frost penetration, a sudden change of the axial strain at failure with strain rate was observed occuring at a strain rate between 10-5 and 10-6, and the initial friction angle of frozen clay was appeared zero. 3. There was shown a significant decrease in liquid limit of soil which was subjected to freeze/thaw process for the initial value of about 20% because of soil particles aggregation. 4. The cyclic freeze/thaw caused a sinificant reduction in shear strength and its thixotropic regain. The frozen/thawed soil exibited negative strength regain, particularly at high freeze/thaw cycles. 5. The freezing temperature greatly influenced on the failure strength of soils and this. Trend was more pronounced the lower the freezing temperature and shown the ductile failure with indistinct peaks.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2013

When building with concrete in cold weather, an insulation method of heat curing must be determined, and a holistic curing plan that considers the characteristics of structures, the heat loss coefficient of a curing sheet, the joint condition of the curing materials and the quantity of heat produced by a heating apparatus is an essential prerequisite for protection against early frost damage. But on a number of national construction sites, there have been serious problems in cold weather concreting due to the unreliability of the information obtained from practical experience. In the construction field in Japan, there is a specification for heat curing prepared by Japanese Architectural Society, which provides an equation for calculating heat quantity. It is also necessary to adopt a detailed specification for a standard heat curing method that is applicable to all national construction sites. In this study, the effect of bubble sheets on the economic feasibility of cold weather concrete is investigated through a comparison with the blue sheets commonly prescribed in national construction sites. In conclusion, this study found that bubble sheets had the effect of reducing the cost of curing materials and the fuel cost consumed by a heating apparatus, compared to the use of blue sheets.