• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2000

This paper develops a finite element model for studying occupant behavior of a mid-size truck equipped with a driver side airbag. The developed model simulates an occupant behavior using PAM-CRASH/PAM-SAFE in super computer SP2. The model is developed based on a sled test. A 50% hybrid dummy III is used for measuring head and chest accelerations and femur loads, and major injury coefficients such as HIC, CA and femur load. Inferior components such as foot rest, seat, kneebolster, crash pad, etc. are roughly modeled and defined by a rigid material model. And contact type II is used for detecting a contact with dummy. Contact type II definition uses force-deflection relationship of each body Such components as steering column which directly affect on the occupant injuy are modeled in detail and defined by an elastic-plastic material model. Airbag cushion is modeled using rivet elements. Airbag cover groove is modeled using rivet elements. Airbag tether is modeled as nonlinear bar elements. Airbag model has two vent holes to ventilating the exploded gas. Airbag is folded close to the real airbag folding procedure, and folded cautiously in order not to have initial penetration. A vehicle pulse acquired from 31mph frontal barrier test is used as input signal for the simulation. The simulation conditions are tuned to the sled test ones. The measured dummy accelerations and major injury coefficients, and filmed dummy behavior and airbag inflation process using high speed camera are compared to the simulation results to verify the developed finite element model.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2015

Occupant protection performance in frontal crashes has been developed and assessed for mainly front seat occupants over many years, and in recent years protection of rear seat occupants has also been extensively discussed. Unlike the front seats, the rear seats are often occupied by children seated in rear-facing or forward - facing child restraint systems, or booster seats. In the ENCAP, child occupant protection assessments using 18-month-old(P1.5) and 3-year-old(P3) test dummies in the rear seat have already been changed to new type of 18-month-old (Q1.5)and 3-year-old(Q3) test dummies. In addition, ENCAP are scheduled with the development and introduction of test dummies of 6-year-old (Q6) and 10.5-year-old children(Q10) starting 2016. In KNCAP, Q6 and Q10 child dummies will be introduced in 2017 as well. Automobile manufacturers need to develop safety performance for new child dummies closely. In this paper, we focused on Q6 and Q10 child dummies sitting in child restraint system. Offset frontal crash tests were conducted using two types of test dummies, Q6 and Q10 child dummies, positioned in the rear seat. Q6 and Q10 were used to compare dummy kinematics in rear seating positions between Q6 behind the driver's seat and Q10 behind the front passenger's seat. The full vehicle sled test results of both dummies were conducted with different restraint systems. It showed that several injury and image data was collected as the result of the full vehicle sled test. Based on the results of these investigations, this paper describes which factor is most important and combination is the best performance when evaluating rear seat occupant protection for Q6 and Q10 child dummies.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1999

최근 들어 많은 관심에 대상이 되고 있는 동차 사고시 어린이 승객의 부상현상을 해석하기 위하여 범용 동력학 패키지인 DADS를 이용하여 3세 어린이 모델을 개발하였다. 모델은 모두 14개의 요소들과 12개의 조인트로 구성 시켰으며 부스터를 장착한 시트에 3점식 벨트를 체결한 형태로 개발되었으며 썰매를 이용한 전방 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 기존의 더미를 이용한 실험 결과와 일치하는 응답 특성을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 경량휠체어 탑승자의 차량 전방충돌시 안전성 평가를 위하여 동적 슬래드 충격실험을 하였다. 실험은 총 6회 시행하였으며 충격속도는 20g/48 $\pm$2km/h 였고, Hybrid III 50%ile 성인남자 인체모형을 사용하여 두부손상기준(Head Injury Criteria), 목의 굴전모멘트, 축 인장력, 전단력, 흉부 가속도. 두부, 휠체어, 무릎의 전방 쏠림량을 측정하였으며 미국자동차학회 규격인 SAE J2249에서 제안한 동작기준 (Motion Criteria)과 미국 제너럴모터스사의 자체기준(GM-IARV)인 복합상해기준(Combined Injury Criteria)을 이용하여 안전성평가를 하였다. 실험결과는 경량 휠체어 탑승자의 전방 충돌 시 최대 상해치를 100%로 봤을 때 휠체어와 탑승자 거동의 위험도지수 MC는 52%, 탑승자의 상체 위험도지수 CIC는 60.1% 였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

The child restraint system is blown to be excellent to reduce child occupant injury in frontal collisions. The effects of the child restraint system are experimently investigated according to FMVSS 213. A sled simulator is utilized with varying restraint types such as 2point, 3point seat belts, forward-facing types and booster types of child restraint systems. The head and chest injuries for various cases are evaluated based on industrial standards. Also, the maximum displacements of the head and the knees are measured by film analysis. Using the results of the test, the effects of the child restraint system is discussed and reduction of child occupant injury is pursued.

• Composites Research
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2019

본 연구는 복합재를 사용한 휠체어 고정구의 구조 강도 특성에 대하여 평가하였다. 이를 위해 특별교통수단 내 휠체어 고정구의 시험 기준 ISO 10542에 의거하여 전방 충돌 슬레드 유한요소해석을 진행하였고, 이를 통해 얻은 고정구에 작용하는 하중데이터를 휠체어 고정구 유한요소해석의 초기 조건으로 사용하였다. 고정구는 블록, 가이드, 레일로 구성되어 있으며, 이 중에서 레일의 중량 비율이 가장 높기 때문에 탄소섬유 에폭시 복합재를 레일에 적용하는 것이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기존의 레일에서 하단 부분을 복합재로 적용한 하이브리드 레일은 기존 SAPH 440으로 제작된 레일의 구조강도와 비슷하게 설계할 경우, 약 27% 정도 경량화를 달성할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.