• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2006

국내에서 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 살충제 imidacloprid의 토양흡착 특성과 벼 재배 환경중 용탈 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 방사성 동위원소로 표지된 $[^{14}C]$limidacloprid를 이용하여 수원근교 논토양 2종을 대상으로 시험하였다. Freundlich 흡착 등온식으로부터 구한 imidacloprid의 흡착상슈$(K_f)$는 $1.7{\sim}2.6$, 기울기(1/n)는 1 미만, 토양 유기탄소기준흡착계수$(K_{oc})$는 $228{\sim}249$, 토양 반감기를 이용한 지하수 오염가능성(GUS index)은 $1.6{\sim}2.4$로 흡착성이 중간 정도로 평가되어 토양중 용탈 가능성은 높지 않았다. 논토양에서 용탈성은 숙성잔류물 함유 토양보다 신생잔류물 함유 토양에서 더 높았다. 논토양의 토층별 $^{14}C$의 분포는 $0{\sim}10cm$ 깊이에 80% 이상이 분포하였으며, 벼 재배구에서 처리된 $^{14}C$의 식물체로의 이동성은 신생잔류물 함유 토양이 숙성잔류물 함유 토양보다 높았으나 식물체로 흡수된 $^{14}C$은 총처리량의 약 3% 미만으로서 imidacloprid의 용탈성과 생물이용도가 매우 낮음을 시사하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2007

The adsorption features of fluoride ion on the oyster shell have been investigated for the purpose of the employment of waste oyster shell as an adsorbent for the treatment of fluoride ion-containing wastewater. The major component of oyster shell was examined to be Ca with minor components of Na, Si, Mg, Al, and Fe. As the initial concentration of fluoride ion was raised, its absorbed amount was enhanced at equilibrium, however, the adsorption ratio of fluoride ion compared with its initial concentration was shown to be decreased. Also, adsorption of fluoride ion onto the oyster shell resulted in the formation of $CaF_2$ in the morphological structure of adsorbent. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption reaction of fluoride ion generally followed a second order reaction with decreasing rate constant with the initial concentration of adsorbate. Freundlich model agreed well with the adsorption behavior of fluoride ion at equilibrium and the adsorption reaction of fluoride ion was examined to be endothermic. Several thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption reaction were calculated based on thermodynamic equations and the activation energy for the adsorption of fluoride ion onto oyster shell was estimated to be ca. 13.589 kJ/mole.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2014

In this study washing efficiency and desorption isotherms for heavy petroleum oil (HPO), Zn, and Pb bound to complex contaminated soils were examined using various soil flushing agents. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), methanol, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and citric acid were selected as soil flushing agents. 3% (w/v) and 4% SDS showed the highest removal efficiency for HPO, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Thus, 3% SDS was chosen as the best soil flushing agent for HPO. In the case of heavy metals, 0.1-M EDTA showed the highest removal efficiencies. But 0.05-M citric acid was selected due to its economic and eco-friendly strengths. The desorption isotherms obtained using Freundlich and Langmuir models indicated that the maximum desorption characteristics ($K_F$ and $Q_{max}$) of HPO with 4% SDS and 90% methanol and heavy metals with 0.1-M EDTA and 0.1-M citric acid, respectively, were markedly lower than in other cases. In addition, when 4% SDS and 90% methanol were used for HPO in the range of $C_e$ higher than 600 mg/L, and when 0.1M citric acid and 0.1M EDTA were used for Zn and Pb in the range of $C_e$ higher than 300 and 100 mg/L, respectively, the distribution constant converged to certain levels. Thus, constant values of $K_U$ and $K_L$ were determined. It was found that these constants represent the maximum desorption capacity and they can be used as distribution coefficients of desorption equilibrium for the flushing agents. The results of this study provided fundamental information for the selection of the best agents as well as for the process design and operation of soil washing/soil flushing of complex contaminated soils.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2012

Polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel beads containing Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH-PVA/alginate beads) were synthesized for phosphate removal. Results showed that blending PVA with the LDH-alginate beads significantly improved their stability in a phosphate solution. The kinetic reaction in LDH-PVA/alginate beads reached equilibrium at 12 hr-post reaction with 99.2% removal. The amount of phosphate removed at equilibrium ($q_e$) was determined to be 0.389 mgP/g. The equilibrium data were described well by the Freundlich isotherm with the distribution coefficient ($K_F$, 0.638) and the constant (n, 0.396). Phosphate removal in LDH-PVA/alginate beads was not sensitive to solution pH. Also, the removal capacity of LDH-PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 1.543 mgP/g) was two orders of magnitude greater than that of PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 0.016 mgP/g) in column experiments. This study demonstrates that LDH-PVA/alginate beads with a higher chemical stability against phosphate compared to LDH-alginate beads have the potential for phosphate removal as adsorptive media.