• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07b
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• pp.835-838
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• 2000

Popular methods for extracting a text region in video images are in general based on analysis of a whole image such as merge and split method, and comparison of two frames. Thus, they take long computing time due to the use of a whole image. Therefore, this paper suggests the faster method of extracting a text region without processing a whole image. The proposed method uses line sampling methods, FFT and neural networks in order to extract texts in real time. In general, text areas are found in the higher frequency domain, thus, can be characterized using FFT The candidate text areas can be thus found by applying the higher frequency characteristics to neural network. Therefore, the final text area is extracted by verifying the candidate areas. Experimental results show a perfect candidate extraction rate and about 92% text extraction rate. The strength of the proposed algorithm is its simplicity, real-time processing by not processing the entire image, and fast skipping of the images that do not contain a text.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2016

This paper presents simple expressions for the effective permeability of bulk metamaterial consisting of ring resonators (RRs) or split ring resonators (SRRs) based on the convenient geometrical factors of the structure compared with wavelength. The resonant frequency dependence of the medium permeability, including loss effects, is analyzed in detail. Inverting the analysis equations, useful design (or synthesis) equations are derived for a systematic design process with some examples. This paper may particularly be useful for the design of a bulk metamaterial with a specific negative relative permeability at a desired frequency. The loss of metamaterials consisting of RRs (or SRRs) is also analyzed over a wide frequency band from 10 MHz to 10 THz.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2003

This study was conducted at a volcanic ash soil in the Experimental Farm of Cheju national university from May 1, 2000 to August 25, 2000 to determine the optimum frequency of split N application for. forage production of Jeju Italian millet(Setaria italica Beauvis). N .rate was applied with 200kg N/ha, and frequencies of the split application were 1. 2, 3, 4 and f times. Days to heading was 87 days in the N applied plot all at once, was delayed to 93 days at the five times split-applied plot. Plant height was the greatest (143cm) at the four times split-applied plot, but above o. below that was short. Leaf length, number of leaves and nodes were a similar tendency to plant height. SPAD(Soil Plant Analysis Development) reading values rose 34.3∼36.2 as N was split-applied from one to five times. Fresh forage, dry matter, crude Protein and TDN yield at the H split-applied to four times increased 33.08∼5l.50MT/ha, 9.94∼13.36MT/ha, 0.93∼1.70MT/ha and 5.06∼7.28MT/ha, respectively, but at the five tines split-applied plot decreased to 49.33MT/ha, 12.69MT/ha, 1.65MT/ha and 6.98 MT/ha, respectively. As the increasing of N split-applied. crude protein, crude fat NFE and TDN content increased 9.4∼13.0％, 1.5∼l.9％, 44.5∼45.5% and 50.9∼55.0％, respectively, whereas crude fiber and crude ash content decreased 35.3∼31.6% and 9.3∼8.3, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6A
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• pp.586-592
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• 2006

In this paper, a novel detection method called the joint multiple frequency cell (JMFC) detection is addressed for spread spectrum code acquisition in the presence of residual Doppler frequency offset (RDFO). When the RDFO exists, the correlation peak used for detection during the acquisition process is split into several lower neighboring peaks, resulting in severe degradation in the detection performance, and consequently, in the overall acquisition performance. In the JMFC detection, a decision variable for detection is formed by combining several consecutive correlator outputs, so that the reduction in the correlation value due to the RDFO can be alleviated. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can offer better detection performance over the conventional scheme based on the cell-by-cell detection.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.202-207
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• 2010

In this paper, a novel voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO) using the open loop multiple split ring resonator(OLMSRR) is presented for improving the phase noise, implemented in 130 nm CMOS technology. Compared with the conventional CMOS LC resonator, the proposed CMOS OLMSRR has the larger coupling coefficient value, which makes a higher Q-factor, and has improved the phase noise of the VCO. The proposed CMOS VCO based OLMSRR has the phase noise of -99.67 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz in the oscillation frequency. Compared with the VCO using the conventional CMOS LC resonator and the proposed VCO using the CMOS OLMSRR structure has been improved in 7 dB. The prototype 24 GHz CMOS VCO is implemented in 130 nm CMOS and occupies a compact die area of $0.7\;mm{\times}0.9\;mm$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.506-513
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed a novel ethanol concentration sensor using microfluidic metamaterial absorber. The metamaterial absorber comprises a split-ring-cross resonator(SRCR) and a microfluidic channel. The SRCR can generate LC resonance that is very sensitive to changes in the effective dielectric constant around the capacitive gap. In addition, microfluidic channels can change the effective dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate by using an infinitesimal quantity of a liquid on the order of microliters. The proposed absorber can detect the electrical properties of different concentration of ethanol. The performance of the proposed absorber is demonstrated using the absorption measurements of a fabricated prototype sample with waveguides. In addition, the simulated results and measurement results show good agreement.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.2351-2358
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• 2014

In this paper, a design method for a compact CPW-fed slot antenna using SRRs is studied. The structure of the proposed slot antenna is a rectangular slot antenna loaded with SRR conductors inside the slot to reduce the antenna size. Optimal design parameters are obtained by analyzing the effects of the gap between the SRR conductors and slot, and the width of the SRR conductors on the input VSWR characteristic. The optimized compact slot antenna operating at 2.45 GHz band is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a dimension of 36 mm by 30 mm. The length of the proposed compact slot antenna is reduced to 14.3% compared to that of a conventional rectangular slot antenna. Experiment results show that the antenna has a desired impedance characteristic with a frequency band of 2.4-2.49 GHz for a VSWR < 2, and measured gain of 2.3 dBi at 2.45 GHz.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2014

In this paper, a design method for a compact CPW-fed slot antenna using SRRs(split-ring resonators) is studied. The structure of the proposed slot antenna is a rectangular slot antenna loaded with SRR conductors inside the slot to reduce the antenna size. Optimal design parameters are obtained by analyzing the effects of the gap between the SRR conductors and slot, and the width of the SRR conductors on the input reflection coefficient characteristic. The optimized compact slot antenna operating at 2.45 GHz band is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a dimension of 36 mm by 30 mm. The length of the proposed compact slot antenna is reduced by 14.3% compared to that of a conventional rectangular slot antenna. Experiment results show that the antenna has a desired impedance characteristic with a frequency band of 2.4-2.49 GHz for a VSWR < 2.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.406-409
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• 2012

The classical electromagnetically-induced transparency(EIT)-like switching in metamaterial was experimentally and theoretically demonstrated in the microwave-frequency region. The metamaterial unit cell consists of two identical split-ring resonators, which are arranged on both sides of a dielectric substrate with asymmetry. It is found that the classical EIT-like switching can be achieved by changing the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave. The results of this study are promising for practical applications.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

In this paper, a novel notch resonator is proposed based on Rectanglar Split Ring Resonator (R-RSS) element. We represented the electrical characteristics for R-SRR elements coupled with microstrip line, and measured result is compared with electromagnetic simulation (HFSS) result. We also solved equivalent circuit for R-SRR element, and also discussed influences of change structural parameters of R-SRR. the size of R-SRR is the most important parameters for frequency tuning. Also we can make tunable resonator form the basic structure. This novel resonator can apply to design of tunable bandpass filter and voltage control oscillator.