• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제18권2E호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1999

In passive sonar, underwater moving objects are identified by the acoustic sounds they transmit. The spectrum of these sounds show features about the mechanism of the sound source, these features are discrete frequencies on the spectrum and frequency lines on the spectrogram. Variability in the underwater environment produce discontinuous broken or unstable fluctuating frequency lines. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm that estimate continuities of the discontinuous frequency lines and extract presence of the unstable frequency lines using neural networks and represent the proposed algorithm shows good performance in estimation and extraction the unstable frequency lines through the experiments.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

The paper deals with an approach to time domain simulation for closed end at the downstream of pipe, hydraulic lines terminating into a tank and series lines with change of cross sectional area. Time domain simulation of a fluid power systems containing hydraulic lines is very complex and difficult if the transfer functions consist of hyperbolic Bessel functions which is the case for the distributed parameter dissipative model. In this paper, the magnitudes and phases of the complex transfer functions of hydraulic lines are calculated, and the MATLAB Toolbox is used to formulate a rational polynomial approximation for these transfer functions in the frequency domain. The approximated transfer functions are accurate over a designated frequency range, and used to analyze the time domain response. This approach is usefully to simulate fluid power systems with hydraulic lines without to approximate the frequency dependent viscous friction.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.829-835
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• 2011

A power frequency magnetic field reduction method using passive loop is presented. This method can be used to reduce magnetic fields generated within the restricted area near transmission lines by alternating current overhead transmission lines. A reduction algorithm is described and related equations for magnetic field reduction are explained. The proposed power frequency magnetic field reduction method is applied to a scaled-down transmission line model. The lateral distribution of reduction ratio between magnetic fields before and after passive loop installation is calculated to evaluate magnetic field reduction effects. Calculated results show that the passive loop can be used to cost-effectively reduce power frequency magnetic fields in the vicinity of transmission lines generated by overhead transmission lines, compared with other reduction methods, such as active loop, increase in transmission line height, and power transmission using underground cables.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2000

수동 소나 시스템에서는 수중 소음원에 대한 신호처리 과정을 수행하여 토널 및 주파수선의 신호 성분으로부터 신호 세기 대역폭, 토널 개수, 토널간의 상호 관계둥의 다양한 특징인자를 분석, 비교하여 표적을 식별하게 되며, 표적 식별율을 향상시키기 위해서는 무엇보다도 주파수선의 신호 성분만을 정밀하게 탐지하고 추출하여야 한다. 그러나 수중신호의 스펙트로그램상에 형성되는 협대역 주파수선은 토널의 신호 세기와 바다 자체의 전달 특성 둥으로 인하여 미약하게 탐지되거나 불규칙하게 끊어져서 불연속적으로 나타날 뿐 아니라 임펄스성의 주변잡음 성분과 복합적으로 존재하므로 주파수선의 신호 성분만을 정밀하게 탐지하고 추출하기가 매우 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 신호 세기가 미약한 경우나 높은 주변잡음이 복합되어 있는 경우에도 정밀하게 주파수선의 신호 성분만을 탐지, 추출한 수 있는 협대역 다중 주파수선의 자동 탐지 및 추출을 위한 기법을 제안하였으며, 실제 수중표적 신호를 적용하여 제안된 알고리즘이 매우 유용함을 보인다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.118-124
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• 1996

수동 소나 시스템에서 표적을 탐지, 식별하는데 가장 중요한 인자는 표적소음에서 나타나는 신호 주파수선 성분이다. 수중의 주변잡음과 표적소음이 복합된 환경에서 표적의 신호 주파수선 성분을 정확히 추출하는데는 신호 탐지 문턱값 설정이나 주변잡음의 변화 때문에 어려움이 따른다. 이 연구에서는 자동 연상 기억장치 신경망을 이용하여 신호 탐지 문턱값 설정이나 주변잡음의 변화에 강인한 음향 표적의 신호 주파수선 탐지 방식을 제안한다. 모의 실험 및 실제 표적 신호에 적용하여 제안한 방식이 우수한 신호 주파수선 탐지성능을 나타냄을 보인다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1144-1153
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• 2015

The resonant mechanism of reradiation interference (RRI) over 1.7MHz from power transmission lines cannot be obtained from IEEE standards, which are based on researches of field intensity. Hence, the resonance is ignored in National Standards of protecting distance between UHV power lines and radio stations in China, which would result in an excessive redundancy of protecting distance. Therefore, based on the generalized resonance theory, we proposed the idea of applying model-based parameter estimation (MBPE) to estimate the generalized resonance frequency of electrically large scattering objects. We also deduced equation expressions of the generalized resonance frequency and its quality factor Q in a lossy open electromagnetic system, i.e. an antenna-transmission line system in this paper. Taking the frequency band studied by IEEE and the frequency band over 1.7 MHz as object, we established three models of the RRI from transmission lines, namely the simplified line model, the tower line model considering cross arms and the line-surface mixed model. With the models, we calculated the scattering field of sampling points with equal intervals using method of moments, and then inferred expressions of Padé rational function. After calculating the zero-pole points of the Padé rational function, we eventually got the estimation of the RRI’s generalized resonant frequency. Our case studies indicate that the proposed estimation method is effective for predicting the generalized resonant frequency of RRI in medium frequency (MF, 0.3~3 MHz) band over 1.7 MHz, which expands the frequency band studied by IEEE.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2018

An X-band microwave photonic (MWP) filter using switch-based fiber-optic delay lines has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is composed of two electro-optic modulators (EOMs) and $2{\times}2$ optical MEMS-switch-based fiber-optic delay lines. By changing time-delay difference and coefficients of each wavelength signal by using fiber-optic delay lines and an electro-optic modulator, respectively, a bandpass filter or a notch filter can be implemented. For an X-band MWP filter with four channel elements, fiber-optic delay lines with the unit time-delay of 50 ps have been experimentally realized and the frequency responses corresponding to the time-delays has been measured. The measured frequency response error at center frequency and the time-delay difference error were 180 MHz at 10 GHz and 3.2 ps, respectively, when the fiber-optic delay line has the time-delay difference of 50 ps.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2016

We demonstrated experimentally a variable optical frequency comb source using a cascaded dual parallel Mach Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) and a phase modulator (PM). With this simple configuration and applying low drive voltages, we generated variable comb source composed of spectral lines 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 with 10-GHz frequency spacing, also generated 2 and 3 spectral lines with 20 GHz frequency spacing. The generated comb source maintains high spectral coherence across the entire bandwidth with good spectral flatness (within 1-dB for 2, 3, 5, 7 comb lines, within 2-dB for 9-comb lines and within 3-dB for 11 comb lines). The flat and variable comb source is mainly achieved by manipulating 6 operating parameters of DPMZM, setting RF amplifier gain, connected at phase modulator and phase shifters. Hence the method is simple and offers great flexibility in achieving flat and variable comb spectrum, which is experimentally demonstrated. This brings advantages of power efficiency due to low driving voltages, simplicity and cost effectiveness to the system.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.810-818
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• 2020

A moored floating structure may exhibit resonant motion responses to low-frequency excitations. Similar to the resonant responses of many vibration systems, the motion amplitude of a moored floating structure is significantly affected by the damping of the entire system. In such cases, the damping contributed by the mooring lines sometimes accounts for as much as 80% of the total damping. While the damping induced by catenary mooring lines is well-investigated, few studies have been conducted on the damping induced by taut mooring lines, especially one partly embedded in soil. The present study develops a simple but accurate model for estimating the damping contributed by mooring lines. A typical type of taut mooring line was used as the reference and the hydrodynamic drag force and soil resistance were taken into consideration. The proposed model was validated by comparing its predictions with those of a previously developed model and experimental measurements obtained by a physical model. Case studies and sensitivity studies were also conducted using the validated model. The damping induced by the soil resistance was found to be considerably smaller than the hydrodynamic damping. The superposition of the wave frequency motion on the low-frequency motion was also observed to significantly amplify the damping induced by the mooring lines.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 1986

A new microwave wideband frequency discdriminator is described, which is based on the theory of transmission line frequency discriminator known as having the widest bandwidth. It has been realized with microstrip lines and slot lines. It is experimentally verified that the discriminator is linear in a 1.6 GHz bandwidth centered at frequency of 3.2 GHz and has return loss of 20dB or more in that bandwidth.