• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1477-1484
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• 2006

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus $S_{EEM}$ extracts following gamma-ray irradiation on the change of weight, the serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid level in obese mice induced by high fat diet, and the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and blood pressure (BP) in normal rats. Experimental materials were as follows ; 10AS was the bark powder of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus $S_{EEM}$ stems which was exposed in 10 kGy electron beam, 10AS was the bark powder of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus $S_{EEM}$ roots which was exposed in 10 kGy electron beam, 100S was the bark powder of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus $S_{EEM}$ stems which was exposed in 100 kGy electron beam, Experimental groups were as follows ; Normal group was fed with normal diet and administered with distilled water during 5 weeks, Control group was fed with high fat diet and administered with distilled water during 5 weeks, Sample A group was fed with high fat diet and administered with 10AS of 300 mg/kg/mouse/day during 5 weeks, Sample B group was fed with high fat diet and administered with 10AR of 300 mg/kg/mouse/day during 5 weeks, Sample C group was fed with high fat diet and administered with 100AS of 300 mg/kg/mouse/day during 5 weeks. The results were as follows ; Sample A group, Sample B group and Sample C group were significantly decreased body weight and the serum LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid level in comparison with Control group. Sample A group, Sample B group and Sample C group were significantly increased the serum HDL-cholesterol level in comparison with Control group. Sample B group and Sample C group were significantly decreased the serum total cholesterol, free fatty acid and phospholipid level in comparison with Control group. This results were suggested that all experimental materials were able to be used for the obesity. 10AS did not changed rCBF and MABP in a dose-dependent manner. 10AR significantly increased rCBR in a dose-dependent manner, and BP did not change in a dose-dependent manner. 100AS decreased rCBF and BP in a dose-dependent manner. This results were suggested that 10 AR significantly increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. According to above results, the authors suggested that 10AR was able to be used for the obesity and ischemic disease.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.48-65
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Changbudodam-tang on obesity by using high-fat diet rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups. Normal group: Normal diet, Control group: High-fat diet, Positive control group: High-fat diet+Dietamin 4 mg/kg/day, Changbudodam-tang-Low group: High-fat diet+Changbudodam-tang 250 mg/kg/day, Changbudodam-tang-High group: High-fat diet+Changbudodam-tang 500 mg/kg/day. Weight, food intake were measured every week. After 7 weeks, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Triglyceride, free fatty acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, complete blood count were measured and messenger ribonucleic acid expression of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, leptin were observed using Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of liver cells. Results: There was no difference in food intake between groups. Body weight tended to decrease compared with the Control group, but it wasn't statistically meaningfull. The total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Triglyceride, free fatty acid tended to decrease compared with the Control group. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol tended to decrease compared with the Control group, but it wasn't statistically meaningfull. White blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase were not affected by Changbudodam-tang. The messenger ribonucleic acid expression of Adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, leptin, which are involved in the differentiation of adipocytes, was decreased compared with the Control group. Conclusions: Based on the results above, it is suggested that Changbudodam-tang can be applied to improving serum lipid levels in obese patients caused by high fat diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.825-837
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• 2004

Studies on the health problems of the elderly have been increased with increasing life expectancy of Koreans. To assess the health status of people over 50 years old including the elderly (678 free-living people: men (168), women (510)), anthropometric measurements and biochemical nutritional status were analyzed. General characteristics and the prevalences of specific diseases were also examined. The mean anthropometric values for males and females were heights of 162 cm and 149 cm, respectively; and weights of 59 kg and 52 kg, respectively, which were much lower than the Korean standards established in the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances. The mean BMI, WHR (waist hip ratio), and body fat rate (%), which are obesity indices, were significantly higher in females than in males. As the age went up, height, weight, lean body mass, and mid-arm circumference decreased. Whereas, blood pressure (SBP) for women increased. Mean blood HDL-cholesterol levels of men and women were 46.0 mg/dl and 46.3 mg/dl, respectively; their triglyceride levels were 129.1 mg/d1 and 135.6 mg/dl, respectively, which were not significantly different. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in females than in males. For man there were significantly different in ${\gamma}$-GTP, Na levels by age. As the age went up for women, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, HDL-cholesterol, ${\gamma}$-GTP and $Ca^{2+}$ levels significantly decreased. Levels of total protein and albumin were above the lower normal limit for the majority of the participants. Prevalence of anemia, assessed by hemoglobin using World Health Organization (WHO) definition, was 43.9% for men and 42.1% for women. Also, many of the subjects were out of the normal range in total cholesterol (women), HDL-cholesterol, TAS (total antioxidant status), APase, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit levels. Therefore, measures to improve the biochemical nutritional status for the people in rural area are required.d.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was to verify the effects of distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture(CWGHA) on diabetes by hematological analysis. Methods : Rats were fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks and the rats with hyperglycemia were selected for the experiment. Various treatments of distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture were administered intravenously and glucose, ${\beta}-lipoprotein,$ triglyceride, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Free Fatty acid(FFA), TBARS, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver were analyzed. Results : 1. Experiment group 3(0.1 ml of CWGHA was injected intravenously 10 times) showed significant decrease in serum glucose, ${\beta}-lipoprotein,$ triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol levels and liver TBARS compared to the control group, whileas showed significant increase in liver glutathione peroxidase activity. 2. Experiment group 2 and 3 (treated with 0.5 ml, 1 ml, respectively), showed significant decrease in serum FFA, total cholesterol and TBARS levels compared to the control group, and showed significant increase in liver superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. 3. Serum HDL-cholesterol didn't show significant changes in both experiment and control groups. Conclusions : Above results indicate that distilled cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture plays significant role as a hypoglycemic agent and in lipid metabolism. Increase in the number of administrations yielded more significant results.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1978

This experiment was designed to observe some influence on the serum components of growing rats maintained with basal diet supplemented with sausage. Forty male Albino rats were used as the experimental animals and the subjects were divided into four diet groups (control group; feeding of basal diet containing 10.8% and 10.4% of protein and lipid respectively, A group; feeding of sausage containing 12.5% and 27.6% of protein and lipid respectively supplemented with basal diet every day, B group; feeding of sausage supplemented with basal diet once a three-day and C group; feeding of sausage supplemented with basal diet once a five-day) and each group was fed on the corresponding diet for forty-days. The contents of protein, lipid and cholesterol in their serum were determined. The result obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The final body weight and liver weight of the A group were increased more than other groups. 2) The protein contents in the serum of the B group was increased more than other groups. 3) The total lipid contents in the serum of the A group and B group were decreased compared with control group. 4) The total cholesterol, ester form cholesterol and free form cholesterol in the serum of the A group were decreased, but the total cholesterol and ester form cholesterol in that of the C group were increased compared with control group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2011

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of water extracts from red pepper seeds powder on antioxidative enzyme activities and oxidative damage in groups of rrats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets group (HFC). The Rrats were divided into the following five experimental groups which are : composed of a normal diet group, a high fat high cholesterol diet group, and a high fat high cholesterol diet group supplemented with different amounts contents (1%, 2% and 4%) of red pepper seeds powder water extracts supplemented groups (HFCW1, HFCW2 and HFCW4, respectively). Body weight gains and food intake were lower ofin the red pepper seed water extracts groups were lower than those inof the HFC group. Hepartic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity was decreased in the HFCW2 and HFCW4 groups compared to the HFC group. Hepartic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activitiyactivity was increased in the HFCW4 group compared to the HFC group. Hepatic superoxide radicals within the mitochondria and microsomes of cells were significantly reduced in the HFCW2 and HFCW4 groups compared to the HFC group. Hepartic hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol was significantly reduced in the HFCW3 and HFCW4 groups compared to the HFC group. Hepatic carbonyl values in the microsomes and mitochondria were significantly reduced in the HFCW4 group compared to the HFC group. Hepartic thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARS) activity was decreased in the HFCW2 group compared to the HFC group. These results suggest that water extracts of red pepper seeds powder may reduce oxidative damage by activation of antioxidative defense systems in rats fed high fat-high cholesterol diets.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1773-1780
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• 2013

This study was performed to compare physicochemical and sensory properties of cholesterol-removed Gouda cheese (CRGC) and Gouda cheese made in the laboratory during ripening. Composition, short-chain free fatty acids (SCFFA), texture, color, and sensory properties were measured. In chemical composition analyses, moistures were significantly different between control cheeses (42.86%) and sample cheese (48.32%) (p<0.05). But fat and protein in the control and the sample were 32.77, 22.45 and 31.35, 20.39%, respectively, and were not significantly different (p>0.05). The amount of cholesterol in control was 82.52 mg/100 g and the percentage of cholesterol removal was 90.7%. SCFFA increased gradually during ripening and its level of CRGC increased and significantly different from that of control (p<0.05). The texture, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were significantly increased, but cohesiveness and springiness were not increased in both cheeses during ripening periods (p>0.05). In comparison of the control and sample cheeses, hardness, and springiness were not significantly different, but cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were different (p<0.05). In color measurement, all color values were not different between CRGC and control (p>0.05). However, $L^*$ value decreased, while $a^*$ and $b^*$ values tended to increase significantly (p<0.05). In sensory properties, appearance, aroma, flavor and taste, and texture were significantly increased except buttery and nutty in aroma and sweetness in taste in both cheeses, and were not significantly different between the control and sample cheeses during ripening (p>0.05). Therefore, this study suggests that the quality of cholesterol-removed Gouda cheese is not different from the control cheese.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2003

Antiplatelet aggregation, anticoagulant and lipid-lowering drugs are clinically widely used for secondary preventive purpose in the cardiovascular patients, but there is no primary preventive agents to prevent these diseases. With the aim of developing effective primary agents for cardiovascular diseases, we tried to formulate an optimized mixture of natural plants extract containing Theae sinensis, Camelliae sinensis, Vitis vinifera, Gingko folium and curcuminoids from Curcuma longa and to evaluate its anti-thrombotic and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects in vivo. The inhibitory effect of curcuminoids on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration were also investigated in vitro. in the animal experiments treated with hyperlipidemic diet, oral treatment of curcuminoids and natural plants extracts mixture (100 mg/kg) into male Sprague Dawley rats for 7 week simultaneously inhibited platelet aggregation as well as improved lipid profile in the blood. Compared to control group, both of curcuminoids-treated and mixture-treated groups revealed significantly decrease of total cholesterol (24.4%, 28.6%), free cholesterol (25.1%, 24.0%), cholesterol ester (14.6%, 29.0%), LDL-cholesterol (27.0%, 32.0%) and triglyceride (15.0%, 31.0%), respectively. However, both groups showed increase of HDL-cholesterol (46.6% and 51.5%) . In particular, atherogenic index of curcuminoids and mixture treatment group was significantly decreased to 47.0% and 56.0%, respectively. Furthermore, oral treatment of curcuminoids and mixture significantly inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation (21.1% and 29.1%, respectively), compared to control group. The anti-thrombotic values of mixture was almost similar to that of aspirin treatment (100 mg/kg) group. These results suggest that the oral treatment of curcuminoids-based natural plant extract mixture improved cardiovascular conditions in hyperlipidemic rats.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.430-434
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• 1989

알팔파 뿌리에서 사포닌을 추출, 단리하여서, 콜레스테롤 무첨가식이에 0.2% 및 0.4% 첨가군과 콜레스테롤 첨가식이에 0.4% 군을 설정, 80g 전후의 Wistar계 흰쥐수컷에 21일간 급여하였다. 그 결과 혈청지질과 분중지질 배설량을 측정한 결과 다음과 같다. 1. 알팔파 사포닌중 Medicagenic acid함량은 36.4%이었다. 2. 알팔파 사포닌 급여에 의하여 분중 콜레스테롤 배설량은 증가하였으나, 담즙산은 증가하지 않았다. 3. 알팔파 사포닌은 콜레스테롤 첨가, 무첨가식이에서 0.4%첨가에 의해 혈청콜레스테롤 저하작용을 나타내었지만, 0.2% 첨가에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 사포닌의 혈청 콜레스테롤 저하작용은 소화관내에서의 콜레스테롤 흡수저하에 기인되는 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.435-438
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the serum lipid and cholesterol lowering effects of kimchi powder or Lactobacillus plantarum when added to fermented sausage in rats. Male SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats were divided in three groups and administered with the following diets for 6 wk: non-fermented sausage added diets (CON), kimchi fermented sausage added diets (KIM), and Lactobacillus plantarum fermented sausage added diets (PLA). The CON has significantly (p<0.05) higher food intake, body weight gains, and final body weight than the other two groups. The body weight of KIM was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of the other groups. The weights of organs (heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, perirenal adipose tissue, and epididymal adipose tissue) were not affected by any treatments. The mean value of serum triglycerides (TG) concentration in KIM and PLA groups was not significantly different compared with CON. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein levels in serum of KIM were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of CON. The serum free cholesterol level and atherogenic index (AI) in KIM and PLA were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of CON. In conclusion, dietary supplementations with kimchi powder fermented sausages or L. plantarum fermented sausages were effective for lowering serum lipid, cholesterol levels and atherogenic index in rats.