• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.154-162
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• 2004

The flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Caprifoliaceae) have been used as a traditional effective drug in treating bacillary dysentery, purulence. However, the exact role of Lonicera japonica in allergic reaction has not been clarified yet. Immediate hypersensitivity, popularly known as allergy, is a major clinical problem in humans. It has been found that the histamine release from mast cells is an essential step in the pathological process of immediate hypersensitivity. In this study, the effect of aqueous extract of Lonicera japonica (AELJ) on allergic reaction was investigated. AELJ inhibited the compound 48／80-induced anaphylactic reactions and antigen-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). AELJ in vitro exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of degranulation in RPMC stimulated by compound 48／80. AELJ also suppressed the morphological changes and the increase of intracellular free calcium level induced by compound 48／80. These results suggest that inhibitory effect of AELJ on allergic reaction may be mediated through the decrease of intracellular free calcium levels, and AELJ importantly contributes to the treatment of anaphylaxis and may be useful for other allergic disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

Tannase (Tan410) from a soil metagenomic library was immobilized on different supports, including mesoporous silica SBA-15, chitosan, calcium alginate, and amberlite IRC 50. Entrapment in calcium alginate beads was comparatively found to be the best method and was further characterized. The optimum pH of the immobilized Tan410 was shifted toward neutrality compared with the free enzyme (from pH 6.4 to pH 7.0). The optimum temperature was determined to be $45^{\circ}C$ for the immobilized enzyme and $30^{\circ}C$ for the free enzyme, respectively. The immobilized enzyme had no loss of activity after 10 cycles, and retained more than 90% of its original activity after storage for 30 days. After immobilization, the enzyme activity was only slightly affected by $Hg^{2+}$, which completely inhibited the activity of the free enzyme. The immobilized tannase was used to remove 80% of tannins from a green tea infusion on the first treatment. The beads were used for six successive runs resulting in overall hydrolysis of 56% of the tannins.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.439-445
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• 1999

This study is to investigate the mechanism of inhibitory effect of imipramine on the calcium utilization in single cells isolated from canine detrusor. 2 mm thick smooth muscle chops were incubated in 0.12% collagenase solution at $36^{circ}C,$ and aerated with 95% $O_2/5%\;CO_2,$ and then cell suspension was examined. Acetylcholine (ACh) evoked a concentration-dependent contraction of the isolated detrusor cells in normal physiologic salt solution (PSS), and the ACh-induced contraction was significantly inhibited by imipramine. In $Ca^{2+}-free$ PSS, ACh-induced contraction was less than those in normal PSS and it was not affected by the pretreatment with imipramine. $Ca^{2+}-induced$ contraction in $Ca^{2+}-free$ PSS was supressed by imipramine, but addition of A 23187, a calcium ionophore, overcomed the inhibitory effect of imipramine. High potassium-depolarization (40 mM KCl) evoked cell contraction, which was inhibited by imipramine. Caffeine, a releasing agent of the stored $Ca^{2+}$ from sarcoplasmic reticulum, evoked a contraction of the cells that was not blocked by the pretreatment with imipramine. These results suggest that imipramine inhibits the influx of calcium in the detrusor cells through both the receptor-operated- and voltage-gated-calcium channels, but does not affect the release of calcium from intracellular storage site.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.279-282
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• 1998

Effects of high concentration of intracellular calcium on estradiol-induced vitellogenin(VTG) induction were examined using ouabain in Primary hepatocyte culture in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Ouabain increases cytosolic free calcium as a result of inhibition of $Na^+ - Ca^{2+}$ exchanger. Ouabain markedly reduced VTG production to the control level, despite of calcium concentrations in the incubatin medium. Therefore, ouabain would reduce VTG production not by increasing intracellular calcium bt directly by inhibiting $Na^+ - K^+$ ATPase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.895-900
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• 1999

We have examined the effects of mayonnaise on the lipid metabolism and calcium bioavailability of rats by using myonnaise. Sprague Dawley male rats(131$\pm$5g) were divided into four dietary groups[Control (Con, 10% soybean oil), Mayonnaise(M5), 10% Mayonnaise(M10)and 15% Mayonnaise(M15)] were fed ad libitum with experimental diets for four weeks. Final body weight exhibited a decrease in the M10 group, also final thymus organ weight showed a significant decreasing trend(p<0.05). The levels of serum, liver and adipose total lipid were significantly different among the four experimental groups(p<0.05). Serum calcium levels were significantly lower in the M15 group than in among the groups(p<0.05). On the other hand, the elevation of serum cholesterol levels were not clearly observed, but triglyceride levels were elevated the M5 and M15 group. The P/S ratio of adipose tissue were higher in the M10 group(2.35$\pm$0.35) than any other groups. Free EDTA in mayonnaise was 0.0307~0.0387%, moisture 12.46~16.49% and calcium 0.012~0.019%. But commercial mayonnaise contained free EDTA higher than the safe use (0.0075%). Safety problems of EDTA additives resulted from mass processed mayonnaise are arising. Though the evaluation of safety can not reach a conclusion with only one or two clinical case studies. It often simply jumps to conclusion. Therefore more wide ranged discussion and deepened study is required to search for the solution of safety problems.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2000

Testosterone deficiency increased bone resorption, giving rise to osteoporosis. Testosterone deficiency also increased lipid peroxidation and free radical formation. Free radicals have been shown to be toxic to osteoblasts as well as to activate osteoclasts. In this study, the effects of giving an antioxidant, i.e. vitamin E-rich extract from palm oil on bone mineral density and calcium content was studied. Palm vitamin E prevented the loss in bone mineral density due to orchidectomy, seen in the whole femur, proximal amd midshaft regions, as well as L4 vertebra. Similar observations were seen in bone calcium content of the L5 vertebra. Giving palm olein also prevented the loss in bone mineral density in the femoral midshaft and L4 vertebra; and bone calcium content in the L5 vertebra. In conclusion, vitamin E-rich extract from palm oil was effective in preventing the loss in bone mineral density and calcium content of orchidectomized male rats. This action is probably due to its role as an antioxidant.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1985

This study designed not only to elucidate free amino acid, fatty acid composition and mineral content in dried alaska pollack but also to examine calcium, magnesium, poassium and sodium contents in its cooking broth according to each boiling time such as 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. RESULTS : 1. Glutamic acid in dried alaska pollack was the most abundant free amino acid and was followed in order of aspartic acid, lysin, leucine and histidine. They composed of 50.95% of the total amino acid contents. 2. In dried alaska pollack the most abundant fatty acid was palmitic acid. Essential fatty acid content was 26.57% of the total fatty acid. 3. The calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium contents in dried alaska pollack showed 10.721 mg%, 9.235mg%, 4072.5mg% and 2299.8% respectively. The amount of magnesium and potassium in cooking broth arrived at the highest level when 20 minute boiling was undertaken and the quantities of magnesium and sodium were the highest when 30 minute boiling was made.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.456-460
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• 2009

Biofilm is a structured community of microorganism encapsulated within a self-developed polymeric matrix and adherent to a living or a solid surface. In this study, we investigated the effects of various substrates on the formation of biofilm in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. We found that biofilm formation profoundly increased in a substrate, that consisted of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, and calcium sulfate in 1% peptone water. On the other hand, a dramatic reduction in biofilm formation was observed in a substrate, that consisted of glucose and ferric chloride in LB broth. These results suggest that V. parahaemolyticus prefer to form a biofilm on the surface of a crustacean or a clam, where calcium ion is rich, and also where seawater temperature is relatively lower. In contrast, high levels of glucose in a crustacean or a clam body resulting from increased seawater temperature, can make V. parahaemolyticus detach from it and lead to free floating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.48-49
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• 2015

High-calcium fly ash (FH) is widely used as mineral admixtures in concrete industry. In this paper, a hydration model is proposed to describe the hydration of high-calcium fly ash blended-cement. This model takes into account the hydration reaction of cement, the chemical reaction of fly ash, and reaction of free CaO in fly ash. Using the proposed model, the development of compressive strength of FH blended concrete is predicted using the amount of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). The agreement between simulation and experimental results proves that the new model is quite effective.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.459-469
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• 2013

This study was performed to estimate the salt content and evaluate the nutritional quality of free lunch meals served by welfare facilities for the elderly. We collected food items from 8 welfare facilities in Gyeonggi-do, and calculated the total salt content from the salinity and weight of individual food items. The average salt content from lunch meals was 5.68 g, which was over the recommended daily salt intake by the WHO. The greatest contributor to the salt content among the menu groups was soup and stew (37.5%). Soup, stew, deep-fried foods, and sauces were major sources of salt, while the most salty dishes were sauces, deep-fried food, salt-fermented food, and kimchi. The nutrient content was sufficient, except for calcium in both men and women, which was equal to approximately 1/3 of the dietary recommended intakes (DRIs) for Korean adults of their mean age. In addition, the index of nutritional quality (INQ) and nutrient adequacy ratios (NAR) of most nutrients were satisfactory, except for those of calcium and sodium. The INQs of calcium and sodium were 0.64 and 4.41, respectively, while the mean adequacy ratio of a meal was 0.95. These results suggest that multilateral efforts to lower sodium intake be considered and calcium sources be added, in order to improve the quality of meals served to the elderly at welfare facilities.