• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2001

Safety and serviceability of a planar steel frame are assessed. Attention is turned to the individual main steps in the assessment procedure, i.e., to the definition of loads, selection of transformation model, determination of the response of the structure to the loading, and to the definition of the limiting values (considering safely and serviceability of the structure). The potential of the method using direct Monte Carlo technique as a powerful tool is emphasized.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.343-362
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• 2018

A simplified spring connection modelling approach for steel flush endplate beam-to-column connections in fire has been developed to enable realistic behaviour of connections to be incorporated into full-scale frame analyses at elevated temperature. Due to its simplicity and reliability, the proposed approach permits full-scale high-temperature frame analysis to be conducted without high computational cost. The proposed simplified spring connection modelling approach has been used to investigate the influence of connection ductility (both axial and rotational) on frame behaviour in fire. 2D steel and 3D composite frames with a range of beam spans were modelled to aid the understanding of the differences in frame response in fire where the beam-to-column connections have different axial and rotational ductility assumptions. The modelling results highlight that adopting the conventional rigid or pinned connection assumptions does not permit the axial forces acting on the connections to be accurately predicted, since the axial ductility of the connection is completely neglected when the rotational ductility is either fully restrained or free. By accounting for realistic axial and rotational ductilities of beam-to-column connections, the frame response in fire can be predicted more accurately, which is advantageous in performance-based structural fire engineering design.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2009

Korean Tilting trains have been tested on conventional lines since the beginning of 2007 for evaluating its reliability. We achieved some major performance tests which are the maximum operation speed, 180km/h test and the maximum curves increasing speed, over 30 percentage comparing with non-tilling operation train. In order to analysis reliability data of tilting train, we have used the special system engineering frame with interfacing between component suppliers effectively. And also we have developed the data aquisition system which consists of monitor, sensors and depot computer etc. As a results of calculation, until now we realized that the reliability are getting more increasing than starting point of running field test.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.141-145
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• 2021

The brightness of the Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display is controlled by thin-film transistors (TFTs). Regardless of the materials and the structures of TFTs, an OLED suffers from the instable threshold voltage (V_th) of a TFT during operation. When designing an OLED pixel with circuit simulation tool such as SPICE, a designer needs to take V_th shift into account to improve the reliability of the circuit and various compensation methods have been proposed. In this paper, the effect of the compensation circuits from two typical OLED pixel circuits proposed in the literature are studied by the transient simulation with a SPICE tool in which the stretched-exponential time dependent V_th shift function is implemented. The simulation results show that the compensation circuits improve the reliability at the beginning of each frame, but V_th shifts from all TFTs in a pixel need to be considered to improve long-time reliability.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

빛은 촬영된 영상의 화질을 결정하는 중요 요소이다. 역광의 환경이나 빛을 정면으로 받는 환경에서 촬영된 영상의 경우, 빛의 조절이 어려워 특정 영역의 밝기만 왜곡될 수 있다. 이와 같은 경우 전체적인 보정으로는 영상의 질 향상이 어려우므로, 특정 영역의 밝기를 중점적으로 보정하는 기법이 필요하다. 제안 기법은 사용자의 입력을 이용하여 첫 프레임에서 밝기를 보정할 관심 영역을 선택하고 이를 중점적으로 보정하기 위한 밝기 대응 함수를 구한다. 대응 함수를 가중치에 따라 적용하고 이웃 픽셀과의 관계를 고려하는 에너지 함수를 정의하여 첫 프레임을 보정한다. 그리고 첫 프레임의 보정 결과를 이용하여 다음 프레임들을 순차적으로 보정한다. 각 픽셀의 밝기 변화량은 프레임간의 움직임 추정을 통해 다음 프레임의 대응 픽셀로 전달한다. 이때, 움직임 벡터의 신뢰도에 기반하여 밝기 변화량의 신뢰도를 정의하고, 이를 이용하여 이웃 픽셀과의 관계를 고려하는 밝기 보정을 위한 에너지 함수를 정의한다. 모의 실험 결과에서 볼 수 있듯이 제안 기법은 정의한 에너지를 최소화함으로써 기존 기법에 비해 자연스러운 역광 보정의 결과를 도출한다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2021

In this study, an optimal stiffness model of the C-frame, which was supporting the mold and tool load, was proposed to obtain quality self-piercing riveting (SPR) joining. First, the load path acting on the C-frame structure was identified using topology optimization. Then, a final suggested model was proposed based on the load path results. Stiffness and strength analyses were performed for a rivet pressing force of 7.3 [t] to compare the design performance of the final proposed model with that of the initial model. Moreover, to examine the reliability of continuous and repeated processes, vibration analysis was performed and the dynamic stiffness of the final proposed model was reviewed. Additionally, fatigue analysis was performed to ascertain the fatigue characteristics due to simple repetitive loading. Finally, stiffness test was performed for the final proposed model to verify the analysis results. The obtained results differed from the analysis result by 2.9%. Consequently, the performance of the final proposed model was superior to that of the initial model with respect to not only the SPR fastening quality but also the reliability of continuous and repetitive processes.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제8C권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2001

정보화 사회가 도래하고 우편이나 통신 체계도 물리적인 공간에서 인터넷이라는 가상공간으로 점차 옮겨짐에 따라 일반인들의 전자우편에 관한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 대부분의 전자우편은 그 내용이 개방된 채로 이동하고 있어 중간에서 탈취, 변조되고 있으며, 중요한 내용들이 제 3자에게 노출되어 많은 피해자를 발생시키고 있다. 웹과 전자우편의 보안에 대한 연구는 이미 많은 부분에서 이루어져 왔으나 이러한 보안기술을 사용함에 있어 기존의 방식에서는 몇 가지 문제점이 발견되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 웹 기반 전자우편 환경에, 현재까지도 뛰어난 보안성을 가진 것으로 알려져 있는 PGP 기술을 접목해서 안전하고 편리하며, 이동성이 많은 사용자 환경에 적합한 웹 기반 전자우편 보안 시스템을 구현하였고, Java 언어를 이용한 애플릿-서블릿간 통신 방식을 사용하여 기존의 방식에서 발견되는 클라이언트-서버간 통신시의 보안 취약 문제점을 해결하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.805-827
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• 2016

A new type of precast CFST column to RC beam braced frame is proposed in this paper. A series of shake table tests were conducted to excite a one-third scale six-story model for investigating the global seismic performance of this type of structure against earthquake actions. Particular emphasis was given to its dynamic property, global seismic responses and failure path. Correspondingly, a numerical model built on the basis of fiber-beam-element model, multi-layer shell model and element-deactivation method was developed to simulate the seismic performance of the prototype structure. Numerical results were compared with the measured values from shake table tests to verify the validity and reliability of the numerical model. The results demonstrated that the proposed novel precast CFST column to RC beam braced frame performs excellently under strong earthquake excitations; the "strong CFST column-weak RC beam" and "strong connection-weak member" anti-seismic design principles can be easily achieved; the maximum deflections of precast CFSTC-RCB braced frame satisfied the deflection limitations proposed in national code; the numerical model can properly simulate the dynamic property and responses of the precast CFSTC-RCB braced frame that are highly concerned in engineering practice.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.523-541
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• 2011

In current IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, every unicast transmission requires an ACK from the receiver for reliability, though it consumes energy and bandwidth. There have been studies to remove or reduce ACK overhead, especially for energy efficiency. However none of them are practically used now. This paper introduces a noble method of selective unacknowledged transmission, where skipping an ACK is dynamically decided frame by frame. Utilizing the fact that a multicast frame is transmitted without accompanying an ACK in 802.11, the basic unacknowledged transmission is achieved simply by transforming the destination address of a frame to a multicast address. Since removing ACK is inherently more efficient but less strict, its practical profit is dependent on traffic characteristics of a frame as well as network error conditions. To figure out the selective conditions, energy and performance implications of unacknowledged transmission have been explored. Extensive experiments show that energy consumption is almost always reduced, but performance may be dropped especially when TCP exchanges long data with a long distance node through a poor wireless link. An experiment with a well-known traffic model shows that selective unacknowledged transmission gives energy saving with comparable performance.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2021

In this study, the reliability of vehicle frames employed in small electric road sweepers was assessed through durability testing. The frames were tested under three conditions, whereby mechanical loads were applied to (1) the entire frame, (2) the front frame, and (3) the rear frame. The strain distributions in the loaded frames were determined through a combination of direct strain gauge measurements and supplementary numerical analysis. While subtle differences were observed between the experimental and numerical analyses, both methods successfully yielded comparable deformation patterns. Thus, the dependence of stress distribution and the state of the frame on loading conditions could be fully identified through our combined structural and numerical analysis.