• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3213-3217
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• 2012

Reactive adsorption desulfurization (RADS) experiments were conducted over a series of commercial metal oxide supports ($Al_2O_{3-}$, $SiO_{2-}$, $TiO_{2-}$ and $ZrO_{2-}$) supported Ni/ZnO adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in order to find out the influence of specific types of surface chemistry and structural characteristics on the sulfur adsorptive capacity. The desulfurization performance of all the studied adsorbents decreased in the following order: Ni/ZnO-$TiO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$ZrO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$SiO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$Al_2O_3$. Ni/ZnO-$TiO_2$ shows the best performance and the three hour sulfur capacity can achieve 12.34 mg S/g adsorbent with a WHSV of $4h^{-1}$. Various characterization techniques suggest that weak interaction between active component and support component, high dispersion of NiO and ZnO, high reducibility and large total Lewis acidity of the adsorbents are important factors in achieving better RADS performance.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 전자기파에 대한 수치적 파동흡수 경계모델인 Perfectly-Matched-Layer(PML)를 개발하고 PML을 연동시킨 유한요소법에 의해 콘크리트 구조물을 통과하는 마이크로파의 전파거동을 해석하는 수치적 기법을 제시한다. 콘크리트 부재와 공기로 구성된 무한매질을 PML을 경계로 하는 유한영역으로 치환하고, 이 유한영역에서 평면 전자기파에 대한 시간 영역 맥스웰방정식의 수치 해를 혼합유한요소법에 의해 계산하였다. 공기로만 이루어진 균일매질의 경우와 콘크리트 구조물이 존재하는 비균일 매질의 경우에 대하여 단일주파수 및 복합주파수를 갖는 마이크로파의 전기장을 계산하였고, 오차분석을 위해 $L^2$-놈 형태로 표현되는 정해와 수치 해의 상대오차를 정의하여 수치 해의 정확도를 평가하였다. 이 연구는 마이크로파를 이용한 철근콘크리트 구조물의 건전도평가 및 손상평가에 적용될 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 마이크로파 무선전력전송에 적용될 수 있는 여러 다중 빔 형성 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 다중 빔 형성방법은 능동소자패턴(active element pattern: AEP)을 고려하지 않기 때문에 실제 시스템에 적용 시 의도한 빔 형성과 오차가 발생하게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 능동소자패턴의 평균을 고려하는 방법과, 변형된 푸리에 급수 방법을 통해 모든 능동소자패턴을 고려하는 방법이 제안되었다. 또한, 부엽과 null 제어를 위하여 Dolph-Tschebyscheff 방법에 중첩의 원리를 적용하여 다중 빔을 형성하는 방식을 제안하였다. 제안된 방식을 사용하여 다중 빔 형성 시 의도된 빔 형성과의 오차가 감소하는 것을 확인하였으며, 다중 빔 형성을 하며 부엽 제어를 동시에 할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.116-129
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• 2000

자유수면 아래 일정한 초기장력이 작용한 원형 박막이 수평으로 놓여있을 때 3차원 선형 유탄성 이론을 적용하여 파와 구조물의 상호작용문제를 고찰하였다. 속도포텐셜을 회절포텐셜과 방사포텐셜로 분리하여 각각의 경계치 문제를 푼다. 유체영열을 3개의 영역으로 나누어 각 영역에서 회절포텐셜과 방사포텐셜을 Bessel 함수의 전개식으로 표현하고 부족한 경계조건으로 생기는 미지수는 인접한 영역이 만나는 정합면에서 속도와 압력이 같다는 정합조건식을 적용하여 구해진다. 원형막의 크기와 잠긴 깊이 그리고 추기장력이 변함에 따라 원형 유연막 주위의 파의 형태가 달라짐을 볼 수 있었다. 즉, 적절히 설계된 몰수형 원형 유연막은 파 에너지를 집중시키는데 활용될 수 있다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.79-88
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• 1995

The gravity measurment has been carried out at 48 gravity stations with intervals of 1.0~1.5 km along the survey line between Samcheog, Gosari and Taebaek to study subsurface geology and geologic structure in the northeastern part of the Ockchon zone. The Bouguer gravity anomaly values were obtained from the measured gravity values through the gravity corrections. The subsurface geology and geologic structure were interpreted quantitatively by means of the Fourier series method and Talwani method for 2.5 dimensional body. In the study area, the depth of Conrad discontinuity is about 10 km at Samcheog, northeastern end of the survey line, and it is increased rapidly to about 12.5 km at Miro, 15 km at Gosari and 15.5 km at Dongjeom, southwestern end of the survey line, respectively. The depth of the basement of the Ockchon zone exposed at Samcheog is increased smoothly to about 2 km at 5 km from Samcheog along the survey line, and is exposed again in the area between Singiry and Gosari. Beyond Gosari its depth is increased to about 1.7 km, and displaced 2.3 km downward by Osipcheon fault near Dogyeri and 0.5 km by Baeksan thrust near Cheolam, respectively. Many V-shaped low Bouguer gravity anomalies resulted from the fracture zone associated with faults imply the existence of Osipcheon fault and several inferred faults. The low Bouguer gravity anomaly zone between Tongdong and Dongjeom is caused by Jurassic gneissose granite. A local high Bouguer gravity anomaly at 35 km along the survey line from Samcheog is interpreted by the effect of iron deposit of high density existed at subsurface. The thickness of Great Limestone Group varies from 0.5 km to 1.4 km, that of Pyeongan Supergroup from 0.4 km to 0.9 km, and that of Yangdeog Group is about 0.3 km. The thickness of Jurassic gneissose granite varies from 1.5 to 3.0 km.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1143-1179
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• 2016

Offshore wind turbines are considered as a fundamental part to develop substantial, alternative energy sources. In this highly flexible structures, monopiles are usually used as support foundations. Since the monopiles are large diameter (3.5 to 7 m) deep foundations, they result in extremely stiff short monopiles where the slenderness (length to diameter) may range between 5 and 10. Consequently, their elastic deformation patterns under lateral loading differ from those of small diameter monopiles usually employed for supporting structures in offshore oil and gas industry. For this reason, design recommendations (API and DNV) are not appropriate for designing foundations for offshore wind turbine structures as they have been established on the basis of full-scale load tests on long, slender and flexible piles. Furthermore, as these facilities are very sensitive to rotations and dynamic changes in the soil-pile system, the accurate prediction of monopile head displacement and rotation constitutes a design criterion of paramount importance. In this paper, the Fourier Series Aided Finite Element Method (FSAFEM) is employed for the determination of static impedance functions of monopiles for OWT subjected to horizontal force and/or to an overturning moment, where a non-homogeneous soil profile has been considered. On the basis of an extensive parametric study, and in order to address the problem of head stiffness of short monopiles, approximate analytical formulae are obtained for lateral stiffness $K_L$, rotational stiffness $K_R$ and cross coupling stiffness $K_{LR}$ for both rough and smooth interfaces. Theses expressions which depend only on the values of the monopile slenderness $L/D_p$ rather than the relative soil/monopile rigidity $E_p/E_s$ usually found in the offshore platforms designing codes (DNV code for example) have been incorporated in the expressions of the OWT natural frequency of four wind farm sites. Excellent agreement has been found between the computed and the measured natural frequencies.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2008

이 연구에서는 장주기 변광쌍성 ${\in}$ Aurigae의 주성에 대한 측광 관측자료를 바탕으로 그 별의 변광주기를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 1842년부터 2006년까지 약 160여년에 걸쳐서 여러 관측소에서 관측된 자료를 이용하였다. 식 바깥 부분의 자료를 선별하여 CLEANest와 Wavelet 알고리즘으로 주기를 분석한 결과 ${\in}$ Aurigae의 주성 F별은 시간에 따라서 진폭이 변하기는 하지만 몇개의 특정 주파수가 일정하게 유지되는 진동 특성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 두 개의 주기(67일과 123일)가 지속적으로 나타난 것은 지금까지 부분적으로 주기를 구하였던 결과에서 주기가 시간에 따라서 불규칙하게 변한다고 판단되어졌던 것과는 달리 ${\in}$ Aurigae의 주성이 이중 모드 또는 다주기적 변광을 하고 있다는 것을 말해준다고 하겠다. 이는 ${\in}$ Aurigae의 주성이 post-AGB의 단계에 있다기 보다는 질량이 큰 초거성 상태임을 암시하는 결과라고도 할 수 있다. 또한 황색 초거성의 변광기작에 대해 명확하게 이해되지 못하고 있는 현재의 입장에서 ${\in}$ Aurigae의 식 바깥부분에서의 추가적인 관측이 필요함을 논의하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.48-62
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• 1998

Seasonal volume transport on the Texas-Louisiana continental shelf is investigated in terms of objectively fitted transport streamfunction fields based on the current meter data of the Texas­Louisiana Shelf Circulation and Transport Processes Study. Adopted here for the objective mapping is a method employing a two-dimensional truncated Fourier representation of the streamfunction over a domain, with the amplitudes determined by least square fit of the observation. The fitting was done with depth-averaged flow rather than depth-integrated flow to reduce the root-mean-square error. The fitting process filters out $11\%$ of the kinetic energy in the monthly mean transport fields. The shelf-wide pattern of streamfunction fields is similar to that of near-surface velocity fields over the region. The nearshore transport, about 0.1 to 0.3 Sv $(1 Sv= 10^6\;m^3/sec)$, is well correlated with the seasonal signal of along-shelf wind stress. The spring transport is weak compared to other seasons in the inner shelf region. The transport along the shelf break is large and variable. In the southwestern shelf break, transport amounts up to 4.7 Sv, which is associated with the activities of the encroaching of energetic anticyclonic eddies originated in Loop Current of the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of streamfunction variability contains $67.3\%$ of the variance and shows a simple, shelf-wide, along-shelf pattern of transport. The amplitude evolution of the first EOF is highly correlated (correlation coefficient: 0.88) with the evolution of the along-shelf wind stress. This provides strong evidence that the large portion of seasonal variation of the shelf transport is wind-forced. The second EOF contains $23.7\%$ of the variance and shows eddy activities at the southwestern shelf break. The correlation coefficient between the amplitudes of the second EOF and wind stress is 0.42. We assume that this mode is coupled a periodic inner shelf process with a non-periodic eddy process on the shelf break. The third EOF (accounting for $7.2\% of the variance) shows several cell structures near the shelf break associated with the variability of the Loop Current Eddies. The amplitude time series of the third EOF show little correlation with the along-shelf wind.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1123-1131
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• 1996

Knutsson이 QPS(quadrature polar separable) 필터를 제안한 이후 여러가지 개선된 QPS필터가 발표되고 있으며 질감 영상처리에 응용되고 있다. 이들 필터는 방향각 함수로 Kuntsson의 cosine 함수나 지수감쇠 함수를 이용하고 있으며, 라디엘웨이팅 함수로 FPSS(finite prolate spheroidal sequence)나 점근적 FPSS를 이용하고 있다. 이들 필터는 질감영상 생성이나 방향각평가, 그리고 합성된 질감영상의 영역분할면에서 다른 특성을 나타낸다. 본 논문에서는 2-D QPS 필터를 위한 여러가지 커넬함수를 분석하여 그들의 특성을 고찰하며 푸리에영역내에서 국부조직의 주파수성분과 방향각을 평가한다. 그리고 이들 필터에 의한 질감 영상의 특성추출과 영역분할에 대한 응용상의 문제점에 대해서 고찰한다. 실험결과는 개선된 Knutsson 필터와 점근적 FPSS 필터함수가 합성 질감영샹의 방향각 평가와 영역분할면에서 유용하다는 것을 나타낸다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2014

An attempt was made to investigate the effect of the preparation temperature on the electrocapacitive performance of polypyrrole (PPY)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites (PNCs). For this purpose, a series of PNCs were prepared at various temperatures by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-assisted dilute-solution polymerization of pyrrole in presence of GO (wt%) ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 with ferric chloride as an oxidant. The formation of the PNCs was ascertained through Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy and simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry. The electrocapacitive performance of the electrodes derived from sulphonated polysulphone-bound PNCs was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry with reference to Ag/AgCl at a scan rate (V/s) ranging from 0.2 and 0.001 in potassium hydroxide (1.0 M). The incorporation of GO into the PPY matrix at a reduced temperature has a pronounced effect on the electrocapacitive performance of PNCs. Under identical scan rates (0.001 V/s), PNCs prepared at $10{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ render improved specific conductivity (526.33 F/g) and power density (731.19 W/Kg) values compared to those prepared at $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ (217.69 F/g, 279.43 W/Kg). PNCs prepared at $10{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ rendered a capacitive retention rate of ~96% during the first 500 cycles. This indicates the excellent cyclic stability of the PNCs prepared at reduced temperatures for supercapacitor applications.