• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.186-193
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• 2021

Background: While the formal test has been used to provide a quantitative measurement of core stability, studies have reported inconsistent results regarding its test-retest and intraobserver reliabilities. Furthermore, the validity of the formal test has never been established. Objects: This study aimed to establish the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the formal test. Methods: Twenty-two young adults with and without core instability (23.1 ± 2.0 years) were recruited. Concurrent validity was determined by comparing the muscle thickness changes of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominal muscle to changes in core stability pressure during the formal test using ultrasound (US) imaging and pressure biofeedback, respectively. For the test-retest reliability, muscle thickness and pressure changes were repeatedly measured approximately 24 hours apart. Electromyography (EMG) was used to monitor trunk muscle activity during the formal test. Results: The Pearson's correlation analysis showed an excellent correlation between transverse abdominal thickness and pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) pressure as well as internal oblique thickness and PBU pressure, ranging from r = 0.856-0.980, p < 0.05. The test-retest reliability was good, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC1,2) = 0.876 for the core stability pressure measure and ICC1,2 = 0.939 to 0.989 for the abdominal muscle thickness measure. Conclusion: Our results provide clinical evidence that the formal test is valid and reliable, when concurrently incorporated into EMG and US measurements.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.149-161
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to construction of classification hierarchies for user tags of folksonomies, using WordNet-based Formal Concept Analysis tool, called TagLighter, which is developed on this research. Finally, to give evidence of the usefulness of this approach in practice, we describe some experiments on user tag data of Bibsonomy.org site. The classification hierarchies of user tags constructed by our approach allow us to gain a better and further understanding and insight in tagged data during information retrieval and data analysis on the folksonomy-based systems. We expect that the proposed approach can be used in the fields of web data mining for folksonomy-based web services, social networking systems and semantic web applications.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-23
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• 2017

NuDE 2.0 (Nuclear Development Environment 2.0) is a formal-method-based software development, verification and safety analysis environment for safety-critical digital I&Cs implemented with programmable logic controller (PLC) and field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It simultaneously develops PLC/FPGA software implementations from one requirement/design specification and also helps most of the development, verification, and safety analysis to be performed mechanically and in sequence. The NuDE 2.0 now consists of 25 CASE tools and also includes an in-depth solution for indirect commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software dedication of new FPGA-based digital I&Cs. We expect that the NuDE 2.0 will be widely used as a means of diversifying software design/implementation and model-based software development methodology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.spc
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• pp.39-53
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• 2023

Recently, the market competition has been fiercer due to the acceleration of technological change and the launch of intelligent products. In this situation, technology cooperation activities through networks rather than independent technological innovation activities of a single company or institution are recognized as a crucial strategy to gain competitiveness. Technology cooperation can take various forms depending on the target technology, and researchers have conducted performance analyses of technology cooperation types. However, there have not been data-based quantitative studies on the types and trends of technology cooperation for the target technology. In this paper, we explored the difference between the technology cooperation types by technology and time using the formal concept analysis method and co-patent information. In particular, the proposed methodology has been verified through the case study of electric vehicles, and it is intended to suggest the direction of technological cooperation according to specific technologies and cooperation targets in the future

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.85-92
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• 2019

Companies can identify user groups or consumption trends by collecting and analyzing opinions of many users on special subjects or their products as well as utilize them as various purposes such as predicting some specific trends or marketing strategies. Therefore current analyzing tools of social media have come into use as a means to measure the performances of social media marketing through network's statistical analysis. However these tools require expensive computing and network resources including burden of costs for building up and operating complex software platforms and much operating know-how. Hence, small companies or private business operators have difficulty in utilizing those social media data effectively. This paper proposes a framework applied into developing analysis system of social media. The framework could be set up and operate the system to extract necessary social media's data. Also to design the system, this study suggests a meta-model of proposed framework and to guarantee completeness and consistency, a formal specification of meta-model by using Z language is suggested. Finally, we could verify the clearness of framework's design by performing Z model checking of formal specification's output through Z-EVES tool.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1877-1893
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• 2009

Folksonomy is a user-generated taxonomy to organize information by which a user assigns tags to resources published on the web. Triadic datas that indicate relations of between users, tags, and resources, are created by collaborative tagging from many users in folksonomy-based system. Such the folksonomy data has been utilized in the field of the semantic web and web2.0 as metadata about web resources. In this paper, we propose FCA-based folksonomy data mining approach in order to extract the useful information from folksonomy data with various points of view. And we developed tool for supporting our approach. In order to verify the usefulness of our proposed approach and FMT, we have done some experiments for data of del.icio.us, which is a popular folksonomy-based bookmarking system. And we report about result of our experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.227-238
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of women's life-style on image evaluation of clothing styles, and on their selection of clothing styles by situations. The subject of investigation was 441 women above 20 living in Daegu. 6 types of clothing styles including classic, casual, elegant, dramatic, romantic, and mannish and 7 social situations including shopping near house, shopping in a busy street, cultural center, wedding ceremony, eating out, alumni meeting or fraternity meeting, and couples meeting were used for this study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS package, which included factor analysis, reliability test, cluster analysis, frequency, percentage, ANOVA, and $\chi$$^2$-test. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Adult women could be classified into 5 groups including activist, in-activist, the leisured well-off, the wholesomely economical, and the appearance showing-off by their life-styles. 2. The clothing image according to the 6 clothing styles was different. In the image evaluation of each clothing style by life-style groups, in-active group thought classic style most functional and leisured well-off group, mannish style. Elegant style and dramatic style were estimated positively by the leisured well-off and the appearance showing-off. 3. Selection of clothing style differed according to situations. More formal the situation was, more formal style tended to be selected and for less formal situation, active and mannish style was selected.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.620-626
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• 2007

The main objective of this study is to analyze setback patterns of the super-highrise residential buildings in respect to the formal variations of the floor plans. Along with the illumination of the definition of setback, the early part of the paper attempts to establish criteria for the analysis of the setback cases. The research of 38 setback floor plans as well as the typical floor plans of 17 super-highrise buildings carried out through analysis criterions under three categories; physical features, primary causes, and formal types of setback. The result shows a method of evaluating setbacks and setback's potentials in designing the super-highrise buildings for the variation of building form, size, and type.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2010

The objectives of this study were to investigate differences in shopping style and consumption value of apparel product type, and to establish the effects of consumption value on shopping style. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 263 women aged between 20 to 49 in Gwangju on their shopping style and consumption value according to formal and casual product type. Collected data were subjected to frequency analysis, factor analysis, ANOVA, t-test and multiple regression analysis using statistical program SPSS(version 17.0). Results showed that shopping style could be influenced by six factors: fashion-recreational, quality-brand, impulsive, confused, brand-loyal, and price conscious consumer. Clothing consumption value was influenced by five factors: emotional, functional, epistemic, social, and situational value. Shopping style and clothing consumption value were significantly different between a formal product purchaser and a casual product purchaser. Consumption value had a significant influence on shopping style of the formal product purchaser and also the casual product purchaser.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1158-1167
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• 2017

Many real-world applications information are organized and represented with graph structure which is often used for representing various ubiquitous networks, such as World Wide Web, social networks, and protein-protein interactive networks. In particular, similarity evaluation between graphs is a challenging issue in many fields such as graph searching, pattern discovery, neuroscience, chemical compounds exploration and so forth. There exist some algorithms which are based on vertices or edges properties, are proposed for addressing this issue. However, these algorithms do not take both vertices and edges similarities into account. Towards this end, this paper pioneers a novel approach for similarity evaluation between graphs based on formal concept analysis. The feature of this approach is able to characterize the relationships between nodes and further reveal the similarity between graphs. Therefore, the highlight of our approach is to take vertices and edges into account simultaneously. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using a case study for validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach on detecting and measuring the similarity between graphs.