• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.565-577
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• 2019

설악산 분비나무 개체군의 쇠퇴징후에 대한 요인과 군락의 변화 양상을 파악하기 위하여 귀때기청봉, 관모능선, 설악폭포지역에 고정조사구를 설치하였으며, 군락구조, 개체군동태, 비대생장 및 활력도 등을 2009년부터 모니터링 하였다. 설악폭포지를 제외한 3개 조사지는 아교목층이 수관층을 형성하는 3층구조를 보였다. 목본수종의 중요치에서는 분비나무, 눈측백, 신갈나무, 사스래나무, 당단풍나무 등이 주요 종으로 분포하였으며, 설악폭포지에 분포하는 분비나무의 중요치는 2009년 45.3%에서 2018년 36.8%로 가장 크게 감소하였다. 생육목의 개체수($DBH{\geq}5cm$)는 귀때기청봉2와 관모능선에서 각각 1,800개체/ha와 1,700개체/ha로 가장 많았으며, 지난 10년 동안 고사율은 귀때기청봉1과 설악폭포지에서 각각 38.3%와 35.3%로 매우 높게 나타났다. 분비나무 개체군의 흉고직경급 분포에서는 귀때기청봉1 지역에서 가장 안정적인 역 J자형의 분포를 보였다. 분비나무의 연평균 비대생장은 0.96~1.73mm/year 였으며, 활력도가 감소 추세를 보인 귀때기청봉2, 관모능선, 설악폭포 지역에서 비대생장은 대체로 생장이 저하되는 추세를 나타내었다. 향후 모니터링 과정이 지속적으로 이루어진다면, 아고산 식생의 보전과 관리를 위한 기초자료 확보가 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 Level 3 type 북한 토지피복도를 작성하고 생물계절 특성을 파악 하는 데 있다. 2008년과 2009년에 촬영된 88장과 8장의 MODIS NDVI를 MVC 하여 질이 향상된 영상에 ISODATA 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 생물계절 상 분석을 기반으로 북한의 토지피복도를 구축하고 중분류에 대해서는 정확도 검정을 하였다. 결과, 총 27개 클래스의 북한 토지피복도가 생산되었다. 토지피복은 17개의 산림 서식지, 토지이용은 7개의 농경지와 2개의 시가지, 그리고 한 개의 수역을 포함한다. Level 3 type 생물계절 특성은 휴지기(${\sigma}^2$ = 0.348)와 식생이 급격히 생장하는 봄철(${\sigma}^2$ = 0.347)의 역동성이 가장 컸다. Level 2 type에 대한 정확도 검정에서, 전체 정확도는 85.85%(851/955), Kappa 계수는 0.84 였다. 현장 접근이 불가능한 북한의 토지피복도 구축에 생물계절 상 분석기법 적용은 오분류를 최소화하고 분류정확도를 향상시키는데 기여하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2005

Natural disturbance and environmental pressure on natural ecosystems are gradually increasing, and the cause is significantly related to large-scale environmental pollution, global warming, decreasing biodiversity and habitat fragmentation. Environmental impact assessment(EIA) in Korea has been focused on distribution and composition of fauna and flora as major evaluation aspects in ecosystem assessment. It is well known that those characteristics of flora and fauna strongly depend on characteristics and quality of habitat and ecosystem. However, there is no items to assess habitat and ecosystems of spatial ecological system in EIA. Many countries are trying to develop the EIA items to consider the spatial characteristics of habitat and ecosystem and those ecological dynamics as well as species level. In this stream, landscape ecology is emerging discipline to examine spatial pattern and ecological process within/between habitats and ecosystems. Landscape ecological analysis, as a special tool for ecosystem evaluation, has been appropriately adopted to the EIA system in the advanced countries. This review paper tries to introducing the possibilities of landscape ecological concept into the Korean EIA system.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1990

The rates of litter production and decomposition of litters from grasslands and forests in Mt. Guryong were studied. The annual litter production of Glycine soja showed the highest value 1950.88 g/$m^2$/yr in the grasslands and that in Quercus acutissima, as 2202.38 g/$m^2$/yr in the forests. The highest decay rate of the grasslands was found in G. soja as k=0.713 and that of the forests was in Salix koreensis as k=0.319. The Z values of k in the grasslands was higher than that in the forests. The shortest half-time of the litter decay in the grasslands was 0.9 years in G. soja and the longest one of the forests was S. koreensis as 2.1 years and the longest of all was Q. mongolica as 5.2 years. In the amount of total nitrogen of litters, G. soja was the highest of the grasslands and S. koreensis was the highest of the forest. The content of the total nitrogen in litters was directly propotional to the decay rates.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2016

In recent years, many research revealed plant-insect interactions are becoming unstable because of climate change, human activities and grazing effect. In this work, it is aimed to disclose that how climate of two different years is influencing on insect community at certain locality in Mongolia. The data on the insect community are collected, covering full flowering season from June to August in 2014 and 2015. In order to include all species of insects in Udleg Station, data was collected in three different sites. One of them was around edge of forest, another one was in ungrazed area or inside the fence that has been kept for more than 9 years and last one was in grazed area. Weather was a perceptible difference during two year's study. This climate differences significantly influenced on the insect community. In 2014, overall 305 insect species were recorded, in which 124 insect species in order of Diptera, 44 in Lepidoptera, 33 in Coleoptera, 31 in Hemiptera, and 73 in Hymenoptera were determined. But in 2015, these number of species noticeably decreased, and total 150 insect species were recorded, in which 58 in Diptera, 26 in Lepidoptera, 13 in Coleoptera, 12 in Hemiptera, and 41 in Hymenoptera were determined.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate soil carbon cycling of a 36-year-old larch (Larix leptolepis) stand in Korea. The aboveground and soil organic carbon storage, litterfall, and soil respiration rates were measured over twoyear periods. The estimated aboveground biomass carbon storage and increment were 4220 gC $m^{-2}$ and 150 gC $m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$, respectively. Mean organic carbon inputs by needle and total litterfall were 118 gC $m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$ and 168 gC $m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$, respectively. The aboveground carbon increment of the stand was similar to the annual input of carbon from total litterfall. The soil respiration rates correlated exponentially with the soil temperature at a depth of 20 cm ($R^2$ = 0.86). In addition, the exponential regression equation indicated a relatively strong positive relationship between the soil respiration rates and soil temperature, while there was no significant relationship between the soil respiration rates and the soil moisture content. The annual mean and total soil respiration rates were 0.40 g $CO_2\;m^{-2} h^{-1}$ and 3010 g $CO_2\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$ over the two-year study period, respectively.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2020

This study was conducted to understand the dynamics of microbial communities of soil microorganisms, and their distribution and abundance in the indigenous microorganisms (IMOs) manipulated from humus collected from the forest near the crop field. The soil microorganisms originated from humus and artificially cultured microbial-based soil amendments were characterized by molecular and biochemical analyses. The bacterial population (2 × 10⁶~13 × 10⁶ CFU/g sample) was approximately 100-fold abundant than the fungal population (2 × 10⁴~8 × 10⁴ CFU/g sample). The 16S rDNA and ITS sequence analyses showed that the bacterial and fungal communities in humus and IMOs were mainly composed of Bacillus and Pseudomonas, and Trichoderma and Aspergillus species, respectively. Some of the bacterial isolates from the humus and IMOs showed strong inhibitory activity against soil-borne pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. These bacteria also showed the siderophore production activity as well as phosphate solubilizing activity, which are requisite traits for biological control of plant pathogenic fungi. These results suggest that humus and IMOs could be a useful resource for sustainable agriculture.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

The waste landfill that has been used as a park through a stabilization project to provide green space to local residents. Vegetation restoration is necessary for the landfill park project, but it is difficult to restore vegetation due to various disturbances in the landfill. This study analyzed the successional dynamics and ecological characteristics of Robinia pseudoacacia communities from the slopes of Noeul Park by applying the 7-stage successional hypothesis. As a result of the study, there was almost no intermediate successional stage. There are only the early successional stage which Robinia pseudoacacia has an absolute dominance of 100% in the crown and middle layers, and the degeneration successional stage which formed by the introduction of Morus alba. This result showed that the succession of Robinia pseudoacacia communities were not able to proceed to the climax forest due to various disturbances in the waste landfill. Therefore, it was analyzed that it is necessary to induce the succession through intermediate steps such as Morus alba, since it is difficult to transition from Robinia pseudoacacia community to the native Quercus spp. community.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.708-714
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• 2023

This study reports a new record of freshwater fish Macrognathus aral (Bloch & Schneider) from Aiechu-Kalikhola tributary of the Maukhola river in Sarpang, Bhutan. The species was found in shoal of the tributary and was identified using its morphometric characters. It can be identified and distinguished from its congeners reported in Bhutan by dorsal fin rays XIX, 47, anal fin rays III, 52, rostral plates 28, pectoral fin rays 19, caudal fin rays 15, soft rayed part of dorsal and anal fin separated by a notch from rounded caudal fin, and presence of four ocelli at the base of dorsal fins. Further studies are needed to better understand its distribution, ecology, and population dynamics in the country. A key to species belonging to Mastacembelidae of Bhutan including the new record is provided.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2009

식생요인, 토양환경요인이 수질에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 1993~1997년의 자료를 토대로 2003~2007년에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하였다. 조사유역을 11개 소집수역으로 세분하고 하천 유역의 오염원 동태, 식생요인과 하천수질, 토양요인과 하천수질의 상관성을 생태학적 관점에서 규명하고자 조사를 실시하였다. 식생형은 총 10개 type으로 구분되었으며 식생형별 수질과의 상관은 특히, 굴참나무군락에서 용존산소(DO)와 5% 수준(r=0.98)에서, 일본잎갈나무식재림과 T-P는 1% 수준(r=1)에서 유의한 상관을 나타내고 있었다. 또한, 삼림면적과 총인($Y_{T-P}$=-0.0017X+0.2215, r=0.16), COD는 $Y_{COD}$=-0.0395X+8.5051 (r=0.47)는 역의 상관을 BOD는 $Y_{BOD}$=0.0098X+3.0381 (r=0.19)로 거의 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 조사지역의 토양형은 서쪽의 토양은 단순하지만 동쪽은 암쇄토를 비롯하여 적황색토, 퇴적토 등 매우 복잡한 양상을 띠고 있다. pH는 5.4~6.0의 범위로 나타났는데 전국 토양 pH의 평균치인 5.4~6.9와 거의 비슷하였다. 그러나 TS는 75.8~80.2%, VS는 3.80~5.80%의 범위로 전국의 평균치보다 훨씬 높았다. 표토의 깊이와 유출량과는 $Y_{run-off}$=-1.0088X+35.378 (r=0.68)로 부(-)의 상관이 있는데 상류지역에서는 상관이 낮고, 하류 지역으로 갈수록 높은 상관을 나타내고 있다. 이는 상류지역의 경우 평균경사가 높아 표토의 깊이에 관계없이 유출량이 증가하기 때문으로 상류지역보다는 하류지역의 표토 관리를 철저히 해야 유출량이 일정히 유지될 것으로 보인다. 또한, 토양환경요인과 수질항목 간의 유의성은 토양 pH와 하천수질의 pH 간에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.