• Title/Summary/Keyword: Forest Rate Map

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Habitat Connectivity Assessment of Tits Using a Statistical Modeling: Focused on Biotop Map of Seoul, South Korea (통계모형을 활용한 박새류의 서식지 연결성 평가: 서울시 도시생태현황도 자료를 중심으로)

  • Song, Wonkyong;Kim, Eunyoung;Lee, Dongkun
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.219-230
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    • 2013
  • Species distribution modeling is one of the most effective habitat analysis methods for wildlife conservation. This study was for evaluating the suitability of species distribution to distance between forest patches in Seoul city using tits. We analyzed the distribution of the four species of tits: varied tit (Parus varius), marsh tit (P. palustris), great tit (P. major) and coal tit (P. ater), using the landscape indexes and connectivity indexes, and compared the resulting suitability indexes from 100m to 1,000m. As factors affecting to the distribution of tits, we calculated landscape indices by separating them into intra-patch indices (i.e. logged patch area (PA), area-weighted mean patch shape index (PSI), tree rate (TR)) and inter-patch indices (i.e. patch degree (PD), patch betweenness (PB), difference probability of connectivity (DPC)), to analyze the internal properties of the patches and their connectivity by tits occurrence data using logistic regression modeling. The models were evaluated by AICc (Akaike Information Criteria with a correction for finite sample sizes) and AUC (Area Under Curve of ROC). The results of AICc and AUC showed DPC, PA, PSI, and TR were important factors of the habitat models for great tit and marsh tit at the level of distance 500~800m. In contrast, habitat models for coal tit and varied tit, which are known as forest interior species, reflected PA, PSI, and TR as intra-patch indices rather than connectivity. These mean that coal tit and varied tit are more likely to find a large circular forest patch than a small and long-shaped forest patch, which are higher rate of forest. Therefore, different strategies are required in order to enhance the habitats of the forest birds, tits, in a region that has fragmented forest patches such as Seoul city. It is important to manage forest interior areas for coal tit and varied tit, which are known as forest interior species and to manage not only forest interior areas but also connectivity of the forest patches in the threshold distance for great tit and marsh tit as adapted species to the urban ecosystem for sustainable ecosystem management.

Landslide susceptibility mapping using Logistic Regression and Fuzzy Set model at the Boeun Area, Korea (로지스틱 회귀분석과 퍼지 기법을 이용한 산사태 취약성 지도작성: 보은군을 대상으로)

  • Al-Mamun, Al-Mamun;JANG, Dong-Ho
    • Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.109-125
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    • 2016
  • This study aims to identify the landslide susceptible zones of Boeun area and provide reliable landslide susceptibility maps by applying different modeling methods. Aerial photographs and field survey on the Boeun area identified landslide inventory map that consists of 388 landslide locations. A total ofseven landslide causative factors (elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, geology, soil, forest and land-use) were extracted from the database and then converted into raster. Landslide causative factors were provided to investigate about the spatial relationship between each factor and landslide occurrence by using fuzzy set and logistic regression model. Fuzzy membership value and logistic regression coefficient were employed to determine each factor's rating for landslide susceptibility mapping. Then, the landslide susceptibility maps were compared and validated by cross validation technique. In the cross validation process, 50% of observed landslides were selected randomly by Excel and two success rate curves (SRC) were generated for each landslide susceptibility map. The result demonstrates the 84.34% and 83.29% accuracy ratio for logistic regression model and fuzzy set model respectively. It means that both models were very reliable and reasonable methods for landslide susceptibility analysis.

A Study on the Availability of Spatial and Statistical Data for Assessing CO2 Absorption Rate in Forests - A Case Study on Ansan-si - (산림의 CO2 흡수량 평가를 위한 통계 및 공간자료의 활용성 검토 - 안산시를 대상으로 -)

  • Kim, Sunghoon;Kim, Ilkwon;Jun, Baysok;Kwon, Hyuksoo
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.124-138
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    • 2018
  • This research was conducted to examine the availability of spatial data for assessing absorption rates of $CO_2$ in the forest of Ansan-si and evaluate the validity of methods that analyze $CO_2$ absorption. To statistically assess the $CO_2$ absorption rates per year, the 1:5,000 Digital Forest-Map (Lim5000) and Standard Carbon Removal of Major Forest Species (SCRMF) methods were employed. Furthermore, Land Cover Map (LCM) was also used to verify $CO_2$ absorption rate availability per year. Great variations in $CO_2$ absorption rates occurred before and after the year 2010. This was due to improvement in precision and accuracy of the Forest Basic Statistics (FBS) in 2010, which resulted in rapid increase in growing stock. Thus, calibration of data prior to 2010 is necessary, based on recent FBS standards. Previous studies that employed Lim5000 and FBS (2015, 2010) did not take into account the $CO_2$ absorption rates of different tree species, and the combination of SCRMF and Lim5000 resulted in $CO_2$ absorption of 42,369 ton. In contrast to the combination of SCRMF and Lim5000, LCM and SCRMF resulted in $CO_2$ absorption of 40,696 ton. Homoscedasticity tests for Lim5000 and LCM resulted in p-value <0.01, with a difference in $CO_2$ absorption of 1,673 ton. Given that $CO_2$ absorption in forests is an important factor that reduces greenhouse gas emissions, the findings of this study should provide fundamental information for supporting a wide range of decision-making processes for land use and management.

An Analysis of Biotope Structure in Terms of Species and Biotope Preservation in Metropolitan Area -In the case of Soosung District in Daegu- (생물종 및 서식지 보전의 관점에서 본 대도시의 비오톱 구조분석 -대구광역시 수성구를 중심으로-)

  • 나정화;이석철;사공정희;류연수
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.29-51
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this research is to analyze of biotope structure focused on the evaluation for the species and biotope preservation in the case of Soosung District in Daegu metropolitan city. We analyzed the structure of urban biotope, and investigated the disposition of space and several characteristics through the material collection relating to the existing urban ecological material and the field investigation. The results of this study were as follows; 1) The result of biotope type classification was divided into 17 biotope type groups and 90 biotope types belonging to them. 2) The biotope type of mixed forest(QD) has the highest rate in occupation area, 1.764ha and the biotope type of cultivation areas by vinyle-hothouse(KC) has the lowest rate, 0.3ha. 3) In the result of the first evaluation for the species and biotope preservation, biotope types such as QB, QI, PA, PB, NB and NC etc. possess great value. Particulary, these biotope types come from forest areas and transition zone. They have not appeared in the inner of cities. 4) The biotope types such as CA, NA, NB, ND and PB are proved to possess high value in the result of rarity and riskiness evaluation. There appear EE, MA, NB, QC and QD in IV grade which is impossible to have them regenerative. They usually have appeared in forest areas. 5) There emerge 3a biotope type that has the highest value in the result of the second evaluation such as CC, EE, KF, LD, MB, NC, PB, QB and QI etc. Most of them were presented into the large area of site size and were distributed in the forest areas intensively. So, it is certain that the space for the species and biotope preservation connected with residential district is scarce. 6) The detailed biotope plan must be made out specially continuously. It is about biotope spaces that are especially important for the species and biotope preservation from the result of this research. Also, the study on the detailed index settlement of the urban landscape plan based on the biotope map must be continued.

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Gridding of Automatic Mountain Meteorology Observation Station (AMOS) Temperature Data Using Optimal Kriging with Lapse Rate Correction (기온감률 보정과 최적크리깅을 이용한 산악기상관측망 기온자료의 우리나라 500미터 격자화)

  • Youjeong Youn;Seoyeon Kim;Jonggu Kang;Yemin Jeong;Soyeon Choi;Yungyo Im;Youngmin Seo;Myoungsoo Won;Junghwa Chun;Kyungmin Kim;Keunchang Jang;Joongbin Lim;Yangwon Lee
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.39 no.5_1
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    • pp.715-727
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    • 2023
  • To provide detailed and appropriate meteorological information in mountainous areas, the Korea Forest Service has established an Automatic Mountain Meteorology Observation Station (AMOS) network in major mountainous regions since 2012, and 464 stations are currently operated. In this study, we proposed an optimal kriging technique with lapse rate correction to produce gridded temperature data suitable for Korean forests using AMOS point observations. First, the outliers of the AMOS temperature data were removed through statistical processing. Then, an optimized theoretical variogram, which best approximates the empirical variogram, was derived to perform the optimal kriging with lapse rate correction. A 500-meter resolution Kriging map for temperature was created to reflect the elevation variations in Korean mountainous terrain. A blind evaluation of the method using a spatially unbiased validation sample showed a correlation coefficient of 0.899 to 0.953 and an error of 0.933 to 1.230℃, indicating a slight accuracy improvement compared to regular kriging without lapse rate correction. However, the critical advantage of the proposed method is that it can appropriately represent the complex terrain of Korean forests, such as local variations in mountainous areas and coastal forests in Gangwon province and topographical differences in Jirisan and Naejangsan and their surrounding forests.

A Study on the Recovery Rate of Vegetation in Forest Fire Damage Areas Using Sentinel-2B Satellite Images (Sentinel-2B 위성 영상을 활용한 산불 피해지역 식생 회복률에 관한 연구)

  • Gumsung Cheon;Kwangil Cheon;Byung Bae Park
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.463-472
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    • 2023
  • The amount of damage and the area of damage to forest fires are increasing globally, and the effectiveness analysis of the restoration method after the damage is performed insufficient. This study calculated the area of forest fire damage was calculated using Sentinel-2B satellite images and stack map and the intensity of forest fire damage is analyzed according to the forest type. In addition, the vegetation index was calculated using various wavelength bands. Based on the results, the vegetation resilience by the restoration method was quantitatively. As results, areas with a high proportion of coniferous forests suffered high intensity forest fire damage, and areas with a relatively high ratio of mixed and broad-leaved forests tended to have low forest fire damage. Also, artificial forests showed a recovery of about 92.7% compared to before forest fires and natural forests showed a recovery of about 99.6% from the result of analyzing vegetation resilience in artificial and natural forests after forest fires. Accordingly, it was confirmed that natural forests after forest fire damage had superior vegetation resilience compared to artificial forests. It can be proposed that this study is meaningful in providing important information for efficiently restoring the affected target site and the selection criteria for trees to reduce forest fire damage through the evaluation of vegetation resilience by the intensity of forest fire damage and restoration methods.

A Survival Prediction Model of Rats in Uncontrolled Acute Hemorrhagic Shock Using the Random Forest Classifier (랜덤 포리스트를 이용한 비제어 급성 출혈성 쇼크의 흰쥐에서의 생존 예측)

  • Choi, J.Y.;Kim, S.K.;Koo, J.M.;Kim, D.W.
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.148-154
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    • 2012
  • Hemorrhagic shock is a primary cause of deaths resulting from injury in the world. Although many studies have tried to diagnose accurately hemorrhagic shock in the early stage, such attempts were not successful due to compensatory mechanisms of humans. The objective of this study was to construct a survival prediction model of rats in acute hemorrhagic shock using a random forest (RF) model. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiration rate (RR), lactate concentration (LC), and peripheral perfusion (PP) measured in rats were used as input variables for the RF model and its performance was compared with that of a logistic regression (LR) model. Before constructing the models, we performed 5-fold cross validation for RF variable selection, and forward stepwise variable selection for the LR model to examine which variables were important for the models. For the LR model, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) were 0.83, 0.95, 0.88, and 0.96, respectively. For the RF models, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 0.97, 0.95, 0.96, and 0.99, respectively. In conclusion, the RF model was superior to the LR model for survival prediction in the rat model.

Community Structure and Vegetation Succession Tendency of Outstanding Forest Wetlands in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do (전라남도 고흥군 우량 산림습원의 군락구조 및 천이경향)

  • Jun Hyuk Lee;Jeong Eun Lee;Jun Gi Byeon;Jong Bin An;Ho Jin Kim;Chung Weon Yun
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2024
  • This study was conducted to identify the community structure of two outstanding forest wetlands in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and to investigate their succession trends. vegetation survey was conducted using the Z-M phytosociological method From May to October, 2023, and based on this data, the Actual vegetation map was created by categorizing communities. This resulted in the classification of six communities. namely, Rhynchospora faberi community, Alnus japonica-Molinia japonica community, Ilex crenata-M. japonica community, M. japonica community, A. japonica-Pinus densiflora community and A. japonica community. The results of each layer's importance value (IV) analysis results indicated that in the R. faberi community, that of R. faberi, an obligate wetland plant, was high. In the subtree and shrub layers of the other five communities, A. japonica, a key species in wetland ecosystems, and Pinus densiflora and I. crenata, both obligate upland plants, exhibited higher IV. In the herb layer, the IV of M. japonica, a representative species of intermediate wetlands, was notably high. The results of classifying all observed plant species in the survey area based on their wetland preference revealed that in the R. faberi community, the occurrence rate of obligate wetland plants was high. However, in the other five communities, the occurrence rate of obligate upland plants was predominantly observed. Excluding the R. faberi community, in the other five communities constituting the outstanding forest wetlands, the occurrence rate of upland plants among the forest plants was high. It was observed that M. japonica which typically appears during the transition of wetlands to drier stages, was flourishing, indicating that the wetland was undergoing vegetation succession and terrestrialization.

Landslide Susceptibility Analysis and Vertification using Artificial Neural Network in the Kangneung Area (인공신경망을 이용한 강릉지역 산사태 취약성 분석 및 검증)

  • Lee, Sa-Ro;Lee, Myeong-Jin;Won, Jung-Seon
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.33-43
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to make and validate landslide susceptibility map using artificial neural network and GIS in Kangneung area. For this, topography, soil, forest, geology and land cover data sets were constructed as a spatial database in GIS. From the database, slope, aspect, curvature, water system, topographic type, soil texture, soil material, soil drainage, soil effective thickness, wood type, wood age, wood diameter, forest density, lithology, land cover, and lineament were used as the landslide occurrence factors. The weight of the each factor was calculated, and applied to make landslide susceptibility maps using artificial neural network. Then the maps were validated using rate curve method which can predict qualitatively the landslide occurrence. The landslide susceptibility map can be used to reduce associated hazards, and to plan land use and construction as basic data.

A Study on the Effective Utilization Approach of Boundary Integration for Cadastral Map Maintenance (지적도 정비를 위한 도곽접합의 효율적 활용방안)

  • Park, Hyoung-Rae;Jeong, Gu-Ha;Baek, Sung-Joon
    • Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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    • v.53 no.2
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    • pp.39-52
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    • 2023
  • Cadastral maps are important official documents that affect property rights and have experienced issues due to over 100 years of usage. The accuracy of these old cadastral maps has decreased due to damage, wear, and the accumulation of errors during the rewriting process. These errors have persisted into the digitalization process, creating difficulties in map management. A nationwide project to revise cadastral and forest maps is underway, but there are technical and legal challenges in making corrections. This study addresses the technical aspects of map maintenance and proposes a method to reduce errors and improve maintenance rates by preceding with boundary adjustments. The results show that by preceding with boundary adjustments, the average distance discrepancy decreases from 22.56cm to 8.12cm, and the maintenance rate increases by more than 10%.