• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.184-194
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• 1996

A comparative study of three absorbable suture materials of chromic catgut, Dexon II (a polyglycolic acid suture with a polycaprolate coating system) and Coated Vicryl (a polyglactin 910 suture with a glycolide-lactide-calcium stearate coating system) was undertaken in terms of tensile strength, breaking elongation, appearances of the suture materials in the subcutaneous layer of rats and of tissue reaction in the intramuscular layer of rats. The initial tensile strength of chromic catgut and the tensile strength after 21 days were about 1.55 kg and 0.19 kg, respectively. Those of Dexon II were about 2.01 kg and 0. 20 kg, respectively. Those of Coated Vicryl were about 2.39 kg and 0.48 kg, respectively. Coated Vicryl showed the highest tensile strength among the three materials during the whole period. On the other hand, Dexon II showed the highest breaking elongation among the three materials during the first week. But the breaking elongation of Dexon II rapidly continuously decreased during the whole period. The appearances of the suture materials in the subcutaneous layer of rats showed that chromic catgut was the fastest among the three materials, whereas it formed comparatively much connective tissue. The intramuscular absorption rate and tissue reaction of Dexon II were similar to those of Coated Vicryl. The intramuscular absorption rate of these was fairly late when compared with chromic catgut. And the tissue reaction appearance of these showed the formation of a granuloma with foreign body giant cells, macrothages and epitheloid cells by the 28th day in the experimental period.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1993

Free tissue transplantation is commonly performed with the brilliant achievement in microsurgery and anticoagulants and antithrombotic agents have been prescribed in the procedures. However, there is no clean-cut indication as to which agents would be more effective in every steps and final consequences. Low molecular weight heparins inhibiting coagulation in plateletrich plasma and acting on the vascular endothelium have antithrombotic and fibrinolysis action. The experiment with rat groin free flap transplantation after 6-hour ischemia and injection of the low molecular weight heparin was performed and the results between the injection and non-injection group were analysed as follows, 1. Both of the 24-hour groups, vessel patency was not proportional to color change of the groin flap. 2. On the second day after anastomois, heparin-injection group showed intact intima, patent lumen without thrombus, and mild granulomatous inflammation around the suture material and control group with doubtful patency revealed intimal loss and thrombus formation. 3. On the 5th, 7th, and 9th postoperative day, heparin group was patent in anastomosis and showed acute inflammatory cells. 4. The 7th-week period, heparin-injection group showed intact flap color, patent lumen with intact intima and persistent foreign body granuloma.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2018

Background: The ideal absorbable plating system should provide sufficient rigidity and then be absorbed within a timely manner. The Resorb-X has been recently developed as a plating system with a mixture ratio of 50:50 poly(D, L-lactide). Methods: We present seven of 121 patients who experienced delayed degradation with this absorbable plate. One hundred twenty-one patients with facial bone fracture underwent surgical treatment from March 2011 to March 2015, and rigid fixation was achieved with the Resorb-X. Results: Of 121 patients, seven (5.8%) developed complications at the surgical sites. Six of 102 cases underwent fixation of the infraorbital rim and one of 73 underwent fixation of the frontozygomatic buttress; the other sites of fixation did not develop delayed degradation. Foreign body granuloma developed at the earliest by postoperative 20 months and at the latest by postoperative 28 months (average, 23.5 months). Conclusion: We observed that the use of absorbable plates in incision sites or areas with thin skin can increase the possibility of delayed degradation. When performing surgery in these areas, the normal skin above the fixed location should be covered sufficiently.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2015

The authors had five cases of penoplasty from more than half of the scrotum to the suprapubic region using a fasciocutaneous radial forearm free flap (RFFF) after extensive excision of sclerosing lipogranuloma. Although the harvested RFFF was a rectangular shape, the authors made the shape of scrotum, penile shaft, and suprapubic region by using well designed geometry and several quilting sutures on junction of scrotum and penis. The contour of scrotum and penis was well maintained, and there were no complications, such as scrotal contracture, penile deformity, and erectile dysfunction during the one year follow up period in all five cases. There were no recurrent lesions and no need for further surgery.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2016

A 1.83 kg, 9-year-old, spayed female Yorkshire Terrier was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University for evaluation of an intra-abdominal mass with a week history of vomiting and diarrhea. On physical examination, survey radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, and computed tomography, a huge firm mass was identified in the mid-caudal abdomen. Surgical exploration of the abdominal cavity was performed to remove the mass. The encapsulated mass adhered to the mesentery, tail of the spleen, small intestine, omentum, and right lobe of the pancreas was removed using blunt dissection with dry gauze and cotton swabs. Macroscopic and histopathological examination revealed that the mass was foreign-body granuloma consistent with gauze fiber. Plain abdominal radiography demonstrated no remarkable findings 8 months post-operatively. There was no evidence of vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, difficulty breathing, and cyanosis on exertion 13 months post-operatively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1255-1259
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• 2020

We report the ultrasonographic and MRI findings of an infected sclerosing lipogranuloma after scrotal hernioplasty. Sclerosing lipogranuloma is a rare foreign-body reaction of fat tissue, with most cases being associated with the genital and urinary tracts. To the best of our knowledge, MRI findings in sclerosing lipogranuloma in the scrotal sac have not yet been published and this is possibly the first study to report the case of an infected sclerosing lipogranuloma in the English literature.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2012

Purpose: Lipogranuloma is the reaction of adipose tissue to various oils, paraffin, and other hydrocarbons injected into subcutaneous tissue for cosmetic or other reasons. The authors experienced a case of sclerosing lipogranuloma on the nasal dorsum. Methods: A 42-year-old female, without a history of the injection of any foreign materials, was admitted on our hospital for a painless, irregular, and firm mass located on her nasal dorsum with step-off deformity. It was considered that the mass had developed after augmentation rhinoplasty. The size of mass had been increased after closed reduction of nasal bone fracture. On April 2011, under general anesthesia, the mass was removed by open rhinoplasty technique. In addition, a pathologic examination was performed. After the mass extirpation, dermofat graft was performed for the correction of depression deformity. Results: The histopathological findings demonstrated a Swiss cheese pattern with variably-sized vacuoles, which corresponded to lipid removed with tissue processing, and variable foreign body giant cell reaction, fat necrosis, and hyalinized fibrous tissue. The pathologic diagnosis is lipogranuloma replacing nasalis muscle. It has been considered that sclerosing lipogranuloma is caused by nerve injury during augmentation rhinoplasty and the ointment used after the closed reduction of nasal bone fracture, which infiltrated through the injured mucosa. Conclusion: During the treatment of rhinoplasty or nasal bone fracture, the nerve injury or the ointment use can lead to lipogranuloma. Therefore, careful dissection for avoidance of the nerve injury and limited use of ointment seems to be helpful in decreasing incidence of lipogranuloma.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.397-418
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• 1994

Microvascular surgery has been widely used in the clinical field of replantation and reconstructive surgery. Since the last 20 years, microsurgical techniques and instruments have been rapidly developed and the success rate is remarkably increased. But thrombotic occlusion of vessels remains the major reason for clinical failure. The change of vessel wall is the most important factor in thrombus formation. If we can reduce the traumatic changes in the vessel walls during surgery, the success rate can be markedly increased. For this study, femoral arteries and veins of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats with average weights of 300gm were used. The author observed the histological changes and healing process in the anastomostic site after 1 hour, 24 hours, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results were as follows : 1. The patency rate was 100% in femoral arteries and 85% in femoral vein. 2. At the early stages after microvascular anastomosis, the loss of endothelial cell in the vessel walls was observed in the wide area including anastomotic site. In scanning electron microscopic finding the anastomotic site was covered with much fibrin, many red blood cells and some platelets. 3. At 1st week, new endothelial cells were formed toward anastomotic site and at 3rd week, the anastomotic site was completely covered by new endothelial cells. At 4th week, the complete endothelialization over the threads was observed. 4. The media extended from the anastomotic site toward the end of the specimen. At later stages, the extent of media necrosis was markedly decreased. But the media necrosis of anastomotic site was not regenerated till 4th week. 5. Intimal hyperplasia appeared at 1st week and increased till 4th week. The layer consisted of endothelialization the most luminal layers and smooth muscle in the deeper layers. But in veins, the response was less pronounced than in arteries. 6. Foreign body granuloma remained during 4 weeks and aneurysm was observed at 3rd week in artery. In aneurismal wall, media necrosis, loss of elastic lamina and intimal hyperplasia were seen.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2012

Background Nonabsorbable sutures are favorable for repairing flexor tendons. However, absorbable sutures have performed favorably in an animal model. Methods Two-strand sutures using the interlocking modified Kessler method with polydioxanone absorbable sutures 4-0 were used to repair completely ruptured flexor tendons in 55 fingers from 41 consecutive patients. The medical records of average 42 follow up weeks were analyzed retrospectively. The data analyzed using the chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test was used for postoperative complications. The results were compared with those of other studies. Results Among the index, middle, ring, and little fingers were injured in 9, 17, 16, and 13 fingers, respectively. The injury levels varied from zone 1 to 5. Of the 55 digits in our study, there were 26 (47%) isolated flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) injuries and 29 (53%) combined FDP and with flexor digitorum superficialis injuries. Pulley repair was also conducted. Concomitant injuries of blood vessels and nerves were found in 17 patients (23 fingers); nerve injuries occurred in 5 patients (10 fingers). Two patients had ruptures (3.6%), and one patient had two adhesions (3.6%). Using the original Strickland criteria, all the patients were assessed to be excellent or good. Also, fibrosis and long-term foreign body tissue reactions such as stitch granuloma were less likely occurred in our study. Compared to the Cullen's report that used nonabsorbable sutures, there was no significant difference in the rupture or adhesion rates. Conclusions Therefore, this study suggests that appropriate absorbable core sutures can be used safely for flexor tendon repairs.