• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of underwater treadmill gait training (UTGT) and overground treadmill gait training (OTGT) on the gait, balance ability and pulmonary function of stroke patients. Twenty subjects were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: UTGT ($n_1$=10) and OTGT ($n_2$=10). The 10 m walk test (10 MWT), Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, center of pressure, pulmonary function of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume after 1 sec (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC were measured before and after 4 weeks of training. Both groups undertook the gait training for 30 min a day, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks, and rating of perceived exertion of the groups were measured and compared. All the studied variables were significantly improved in both groups (p<.05) at the end of the study, except in the FEV1 of OTGT (p>.05). There was significant between-group difference in all of the variables, except in the 10 MWT (p>.05). These findings suggest that UTGT is more effective than OTGT in improving the balance and pulmonary functions of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of virtual reality and Schroth breathing exercises on the lung function characteristics of normal adults in their 20s. Methods: The subjects were randomly divided into groups with ten people each in the experimental groups, namely the virtual reality breathing exercise group (BBEG) and the Schroth breathing exercise group (SBEG), and the control group. The experimental groups performed each breathing exercise for 4 weeks. Subsequently, pulmonary function test indicators such as the forced vital capacity (FVC) and the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) were measured. Results: In the within-group comparison of the subjects before and after the exercises, there was a significant difference in the FVC and FEV1 (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in FEV1/FVC. The result of the difference test between groups showed that there was a significant difference in FEV1/FVC after exercise (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the remaining items (p>0.05). Conclusion: Improvement in lung function was seen in both exercise groups, and the changes in FEV1/FVC indicated significant improvement in the lung function of the experimental groups compared to the control group.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2024

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of scapula and pelvis symmetrical reciprocal pattern exercise of PNF concept on respiratory function and quality of life in elderly subjects. Methods : Nineteen elderly subjects with healthy were recruited. Subjects performed scapula and pelvis symmetrical reciprocal pattern exercise of PNF concept. Exercise was appied 30 minutes three times per week for four weeks. The respiratory function and quality of life (QOL) test three times (before, two weeks, and four weeks). Respiratory function includes forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV₁), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and chest cage expansion test (CCET). The QOL test was measured Korean WHOQOL-BRIEF. The analysis method was analyzed through the one-way ANOVA repeated methods, and the statistical significance is α=.05. It was analyzed through the post test Bonferroni test. Results : After the 4 week scapula and pelvis symmetrical reciprocal pattern exercise of PNF concept showed statistically significant differences in the respiratory function (FVC, FEV₁, PEF, and CCET), and QOL (p<.05). As a result of the post-hoc test, FVC showed a significant increase in the mid test and post test compared to the pre test (p<.05), FEV₁ showed a significant increase in the post test compared to the pre test (p<.05). PEF showed a significant increase in all pre-test, mid-test, and post-test sections (p<.05), CCET showed a significant increase in all pre-test, mid-test, and post-test sections (p<.05). QOL showed a significant increase in all pre-test, mid-test, and post-test sections (p<.05). Conclusion : In this study, the scapula and pelvis symmetrical reciprocal pattern exercise of PNF concept improved respiratory function and QOL. The findings suggest that this intervention could be beneficial in improving respiratory function and QOL in the elderly.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.555-568
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• 1995

연구배경: 폐확산능은 산소를 이용하여 측정하는 것이 가장 생리적이지만 폐모세혈의 산소분압측정이 어려워 임상에서는 일산화탄소를 이용하여 측정하고 있으며, 단회호흡(single-breath)폐확산능검사법이 가장 널리 사용되고있는 방법이다. 그러나 총폐용량까지 흡기한후 10초간 숨을 참는 과정을 기침, 호흡곤란 등이 있는 환자로선 수용하기 곤란하므로 이러한 과정없이 낮은 유량의 일회호기만을 필요로 히는 호흡내(intra-breath)폐확산능검사법이 고안되었다. 본 연구에서는 단회호흡법과 호흡내법으로 측정한 폐확산능간에 유의한 차이가 있는지 그리고 차이가 있다면 어떤 인자가 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 특정질환과 무관하게 임의로 73명을 선택하고 유량-용적곡선 검사를 3회 시행한후 노력성 폐활량(FVC)과 1초간 노력성호기량($FEV_1$)의 합이 가장 큰 검사에서 노력성폐활량, 1초간 노력성호기량, 1초간 노력성호기량의 노력성 폐활량에 대한 비($FEV_1$/FVC)를 구했다. 폐확산능은 5분간격으로 각각 3회씩 단회호흡법과 호흡내법으로 측정하였으며, 선형적 상관분석으로 어떤 인자가 두 방법간의 폐확산능의 차[단회호흡법과 호흡내법에 의한 각각의 폐확산능의 차이의 평균치(mL/min/mmHg)]에 영향을 미치는지를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결과: 1) 단회호흡법 및 호흡내법 모두 검사내 재현성은 우수하였다. 2) 단회호흡법과 호흡내법으로 측정한 폐확산능간에는 전체적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었지만, 두 방법의 측정치간에는 의미있는 치아가 있었다($1.01{\pm}0.35ml/min/mmHg$, p<0.01). 3) 단회호흡법과 호흡내법간의 폐확산능의 차이는 노력성폐활량과는 상관관계가 없었지만, 1초간 노력성호기량, $FEV_1$/FVC 및 환기배분의 지표인 메탄농도의 기울기와는 유의한 상관관계가 있었고 다중상관분석결과 $FEV_1$/FVC에 의한 영향이 가장 컸다(r=-0.4725, p<0.01). 4) 단회호흡법과 호흡내법간의 폐확산능의 차이와 $FEV_1$/FVC를 도식화하면 두 방법간의 폐확산능의 차이는 $FEV_1$/FVC가 50~60%인 구간에서 두 군으로 분리됨을 알수 있으며, $FEV_1$/FVC가 60% 이상에서는 두방법간에 유의한 차이가 없으나($0.05{\pm}0.24ml/min/mmHg$, p>0.1) 60% 미만에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다($-4.65{\pm}0.34ml/min/mmHg$, p<0.01). 5) 메탄농도의 기울기가 정상범위인 2%/L이내에선 단회호흡법과 호흡내법의 폐확산능이 모두 $24.3{\pm}0.68ml/min/mmHg$로 측정방법에 따른 차이가 없지만 2%/L를 초과한 경우에는 단회호흡법에 의한 폐확산능이 $15.0{\pm}0.44ml/min/mmHg$ 호흡내법에 선 $11.9{\pm}0.51ml/min/mmHg$로 두 방법간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 따라서 $FEV_1$/FVC가 60% 미만일때는 호흡내법으로 측정한 폐확산능이 단회호흡법보다 의미있게 낮은 값을 보이는데, 그 이유는 주로 환기배분의 장애로 추정되지만 폐확산능 이 단회호흡법에서 과대평가되거나 폐확산능의 감소가 호흡내법에서 더 예민하게 나타 났을 가능정도 배제할수 없다. 결론: 73명을 대상으로 폐확산능을 단회호흡법과 호흡내법으로 측정해본 결과 호흡내법은 검사의 재현성도 우수하고 폐기능이 정상이거나 제한성 장애, 그리고 경도의 폐쇄성장애가 있는 경우에는 단회호흡법을 대체해서 사용할수 있지만, 중등도 이상의 폐쇄성장애가 있는 경우에는 단회호흡법보다 유의하게 낮은 검사치를 보였다. 호흡내법과 단회호흡법에 의한 폐확산능의 차이가 호흡내법이 단회호흡법에 비해 폐확산능의 감소를 예민하게 나타내주는 것인지 혹은 환기의 불균형에 의한 영향을 많이 받아서인지는 연구가 더 필요할 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권5호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2011

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate annual changes in pulmonary function in workers who were exposed to inorganic dust. Methods: The subjects were 2,922 male patients who had been diagnosed with pneumoconiosis more than twice during 6 years from 2005 to 2010. Results: Of the 2,922 cases, forced vital capacity (FVC) decreased by 54 mL in 1 year. In contrast, the annual change of forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) decreased by 56 mL. Conclusion: This is the first study that has investigated the annual change in pulmonary function in workers exposed to inorganic dust. The results will help estimate the pulmonary condition of patients who are unable to perform a pulmonary function test due to age or a disorder.

• 정형스포츠물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between trunk control and pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in stroke patients. Methods: This study included 30 patients who had been clinically diagnosed with strokes, and trunk control abilities were measured using the trunk impairment scale (TIS). The subjects were classified into a group with high trunk control ability (TIS score ${\geq}20$) and a group with low trunk control ability (TIS score < 20). The patients' forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured. To compare the pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength between the two groups, the measurement data were analyzed using an independent T-test, and the relationship between TIS and respiratory function was analyzed using a Pearson correlation. Results: The high trunk control ability group had significantly higher pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength than the low trunk control ability group. Significant positive correlations were found between trunk control and FVC, FEV1, PEF, MIP, and MEP. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that trunk control affects pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in stroke patients.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.489-496
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of respiratory muscle strengthening training on pulmonary function and gait ability in patients with subacute stroke. METHODS: Eighteen inpatients with subacute stroke were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomized into two group. All study groups participated in a conventional stroke rehabilitation intervention 30minutes a day 5 times a week for 4 weeks. For subjects from the experimental group, respiratory muscle strengthening training was performed: 30minutes a day 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Outcomes such as the pulmonary function(Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in one second, Maximal Voluntary Ventilation) and gait ability(10m walk test, 6 minute walk test) were measured before and after training. RESULT: There were significant differences of pulmonary function(FVC, FEV1 and MVV) and gait ability(10m walk test, 6minute walk test) between pre and post in the experimental group. In comparison of two group, experimental group was significant different pulmonary function(FVC, FEV1, MVV) and gait ability(6minute walk test) than control group. but, There was no significant difference of the gait ability(10m walk test). CONCLUSION: This study showed experimental group can be used to improve pulmonary function and gait ability than control group. These findings suggest that the respiratory muscle strengthening training effect on pulmonary function and gait ability for rehabilitation in patients with subacute stroke.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권4호
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• pp.274-281
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• 2021

Background: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a well-designed survey to collect national data, which many researchers have used for their studies. In KNHANES, although portable spirometry was used, its reliability has not been verified. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 58 participants from four Korean institutions. The participants were classified into normal pattern, obstructive pattern, and restrictive pattern groups according to their previous spirometry results. Lung function was estimated by conventional spirometry and portable spirometry, and the results were compared. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients of forced vital capacity (FVC) (coefficient, 9.993; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.988-0.996), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) (coefficient, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.995-0.998), FEV₁/FVC ratio (coefficient, 0.995; 95% CI, 0.992-0.997), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF25-75%; coefficient, 0.991; 95% CI, 0.984-0.994) were excellent (all p<0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the results of the three parameters were similar in all groups. In the overall and subgroup analyses, Pearson's correlation of all the parameters was also excellent in the total (coefficient, 0.986-0.994; p<0.001) and subgroup analyses (coefficient, 0.915-0.995; p<0.001). In the paired t-test, FVC, FEV₁/FVC, and FEF25-75% estimated by the two instruments were statistically different. However, FEV₁ was not significantly different. Conclusion: Lung function estimated by portable spirometry was well-correlated with that estimated by conventional spirometry. Although the values had minimal differences between them, we suggest that the spirometry results from the KNHANES are reliable.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.351-357
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• 2019

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the effects of the McKenzie exercise program on forward head posture and respiratory function. Methods: Thirty adult men and women with forward head posture, aged 20-29 years, were randomly assigned to the experimental group (N=15) or the control group (N=15). Subjects in the experimental group performed the McKenzie exercises three times a week for four weeks, while subjects in the control group did not receive any intervention. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured to quantify forward head posture, and forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC % predicted, forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV₁), and FEV₁ % predicted were measured to determine changes in respiratory function. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyze pre-test differences in forward head posture and respiratory function between the two groups, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze differences in forward head posture and respiratory function within the groups before and after intervention. The significance level (α) was set to 0.05. Results: A comparison of pre- and post-test measures showed that CVA significantly increased in the experimental group (p=0.001) denoting postural improvement, whereas no significant difference was found in the control group (p=0.053). All respiratory measures, i.e.,FVC, FVC %pred, FEV₁, and FEV₁ %pred, were significantly improved in the experimental group, whereas there were no significant differences in the control group. Conclusions: McKenzie exercise can be effective in improving forward head posture and respiratory function.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권3호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2012

Background: Korean regression models for spirometric reference values are different from those of Americans. Using spirometry results of Korean adults, goodness-of-fits of the Korean and the USA Caucasian regression models for forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) were compared. Methods: The number of study participants was 2,360 (1,124 males and 1,236 females). Spirometry was performed under the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. After excluding unsuitable participants, spirometric data for 729 individuals (105 males and 624 females) was included in the statistical analysis. The estimated FVC and $FEV_1$ values were compared with those measured. Goodness-of-fits for Korean and USA Caucasian models were compared using an F-test. Results: In males, the expected values of FVC and $FEV_1$ using the Korean model were 12.5% and 5.7% greater than those measured, respectively. The corresponding values for the USA Caucasian model were 3.5% and 0.6%. In females, the difference in FVC and $FEV_1$ were 13.5% and 7.7% for the Korean model, and 6.3% and 0.4% for the USA model, respectively. Goodness-of-fit for the Korean model regarding FVC was not good to the study population, but the Korean regression model for $FEV_1$, and the USA Caucasian models for FVC and $FEV_1$ showed good fits to the measured data. Conclusion: These results suggest that the USA Caucasian model correlates better to the measured data than the Korean model. Using reference values derived from the Korean model can lead to an overestimation regarding the prevalence of abnormal lung function.