• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1992-1998
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• 2020

Background: The foot drop stimulator is designed to improve the walking ability of foot drop in patients after stroke, however, studies on clinical effects are still lacking. Objective: To investigate the effect of a foot drop stimulator on the walking and balancing abilities of foot drop patients after a stroke. Design: One-Group (Pretest-Posttest) Design. Methods: All subjects walked in all three conditions: foot drop stimulator (FDS) ankle foot orthosis (AFO) and barefoot. Primary outcome measures were assessed for walking and balance using a 10-m walking test (10MWT) and a timed up and go test (TUG). Secondary outcome measures consisted of a brief user interview, and the patients recorded the advantages and disadvantages of each condition. Results: FDS, AFO, and barefoot conditions showed a statistically significant difference in 10MWT and TUG (P<.001) as a result of comparing three conditions. FDS and AFO were significantly different from the barefoot condition as post-hoc results; however, there was no significant difference between the two conditions (P>.05). Conclusion: In this study, the foot drop stimulator contributed to improving the balance ability, and the walking ability was similar to the effect of the ankle-foot orthosis.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of parameters of foot contact by various carrying a pack methods during walking. Method: The subjects were consisted of normal forty four persons (males 30, females 14, mean age 23). The carrying a pack methods were classified into five conditions: carrying no bag(Con 1), carrying a backpack(Con 2), carrying a shoulder bag(Con 3), carrying a cross bag(Con 4), carrying a one-hand bag(Con 5). All subjects were participated in these five condition and measured foot pressure by F-scan system during walking. Then foot contact time, foot contact area, foot contact length and width were measured and analyzed. The repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to get difference between conditions and independent t-test was used to get difference between left and right foot within condition. Result: In the comparison of parameters of foot, contact time, contact area and mid foot width were significantly different between conditions(p<.05), and in both foot contact time at condition 5 showed the most significant reduction(p<.05). In the comparison of parameters of foot between left and right foot within condition, every conditions were not significantly different(p>.05). Conclusion: In this study various carrying methods changed the parameters of foot contact and showed significant difference in some articles between carrying methods. However, asymmetric load of pack by carrying methods didn't affected symmetry of parameters of foot contact between left and right foot.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.2060-2064
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• 2020

Background: Recently, the kinesiology taping (KT) method was reported to be effective in improving walking ability in foot drop patients after stroke, but the clinical basis is still unclear. Objectives: The KT method was compared with ankle-foot orthotics (AFO) to investigate gait ability in foot drop patients after stroke. Design: Crossover study design. Methods: In this study, 11 stroke patients with foot drop participated. Walking ability of all subjects for both conditions (KT and AFO) was measured using the GAITRite system. The order of application of the two conditions was determined randomly by drawing lots. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare walking ability between the two conditions. The level of statistical significance was set at P<.05. Results: There were no significant differences between the KT and AFO methods in terms of velocity, cadence, step length, and stride length (P>.05, all). Conclusion: This study recommends KT as an alternative to the AFO, since KT provides evidence of preventing of foot drops and improving gait ability in stroke patient.

• Composites Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자들의 균일한 족압 분포를 유도하여 발의 상처를 예방하는 신발을 개발하기 위한 연구방법을 제시하였다. 직교 그리드 센서를 사용하여 일반인의 직립 상태 시 족압 분포를 확인하고, 다양한 조건에 대한 족압분포의 변화를 비교하였다. 신발 바닥부에 삽입된 스프링의 스프링 상수와 인솔의 아치부 유무 등에 따른 족압 분포의 변화를 파악하여 효과적인 족압 분산 조건을 확인하였다. 인체거동의 임의성 등에 의한 실험 오차를 최소화 하기 위해, 직립 상태를 모사한 유한요소해석을 통해 특정 조건에서의 족압 분포를 예측하고 실험 결과와 비교하여 실험의 정확성을 확보할 수 있도록 하였다. 스프링의 개수와 배치에 따른 족압 분포의 변화를 유한요소해석을 통해 확인하여 보다 균일한 족압을 구현할 수 있는 조건을 제시하였다. 이러한 결과는 당뇨발을 가진 환자를 위한 신발 설계에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of arch support taping on static balance, static/dynamic foot contact area, and ground reaction force during walking according to the types of elastic tapes with mechanical elasticity differences. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-six participants selected for flexible flat feet through the navicular drop test were randomly assigned to non-taping, Dynamic-taping, and Mechano-taping conditions. Static balance and foot contact area were compared in the standing posture according to arch support taping conditions, and foot contact area and ground reaction force were compared during walking. Results: There was no significant difference in static balance according to the taping condition in the standing position, but the foot contact area in the Mechano-taping condition showed a significant decrease compared to the non-taping condition (p<0.05). The foot contact area during walking significantly decreased in the Dynamic-taping and Mechano-taping conditions (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the ground reaction force. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that among the types of elastic taping, arch support taping using dynamic taping and Mechano-taping has the effect of supporting the arch with high elastic recovery. Any type of elastic tape can be used for arch alignment in flexible flat foot.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of active foot arch support on the muscles of lower extremity electromyographic activity during squat exercise in persons with pronated foot. Methods: The study subjects were 16 persons with pronated foot. They have no history of surgery in lower extremity and trunk and limitation of range of motion or pain when performing squat exercise. Each subject was measured the navicular drop (ND) to determine the pronated foot. And then the subjects were asked to perform three repetitions of a $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion squat in both conditions which are 1) preferred squat and 2) squat with active foot arch support. Results: Paired t-test revealed that squat with active foot arch support produced significantly greater EMG activities in abductor hallucis (p=0.00), proneus longus (p=0.03) and gluteus medius (p=0.04) than preferred squat. But the EMG activities of tibialis anterior, vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis were not showed significantly different between the both squat conditions. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that active foot arch support during squat increase the activities of lower extremity muscles which are the abductor hallucis, proneus longus and gluteus medius. Also, the abductor hallucis which is one of the planter intrinsic muscle and peroneus longus play a role in support of the foot arch and active foot arch support induced the increase of the activity of gluteus medius. Therefore active foot arch support can change the lower extremity biomechanics as well as passive foot support such as foot orthotics and taping.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

Background: It is very difficult for hemiplegic patients to effectively perform the sit-to-stand (STS) movements independently because of several factors. Moreover, the analysis of STS motion in hemiplegic patients has been thus far confined to only muscle strength evaluation with little information available on structural and environmental factors of varying chair height and foot conditions. Objects: This study aimed to analyze the change in biomechanical factors (ground reaction force, center of mass displacement, and the angle and moment of joints) of the joints in the lower extremities with varying chair height and foot conditions in hemiplegic patients while they performed the STS movements. Methods: Nine hemiplegic patients voluntarily participated in this study. Their STS movements was analyzed in a total of nine sessions (one set of three consecutive sessions) with varying chair height and foot conditions. The biomechanical factors of the joints in the lower extremities were measured during the movements. Ground reaction force was measured using a force plate; and the other abovementioned parameters were measured using an infra-red camera. Two-way repeated analysis of variance was performed to determine the changes in biomechanical factors in the lower extremities with varying chair height and foot conditions. Results: No interaction was found between chair height and foot conditions (p>.05). All measured variables with varying chair height showed a significant difference (p<.05). Maximum joint flexion angle, maximum joint moment, and the displacement of the center of mass in foot conditions showed a significant difference (p<.05); however the maximum ground reaction force did not show a significant difference (p>.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that hemiplegic patients can more stably and efficiently perform the STS movement with increased chair height and while they are bare-foot.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of foot orthotic on postural sway. Subjects were 15 patients(7 men and 8 women) who prescribed foot orthotic at B hospital and L rehabilitation medicine clinic in Seoul. Postural sway during a single limb stance was measured using the CMS 10 Measuring System when subjects positioned on the balance trainer under two treatment conditions(orthotic and nonorthotic). RCSP(resting calcaneal stance position) while subjects were standing on the glass plate was measured using the angle finder after subjects were positioned in prone to divide equally lower leg and calcaneus using the goniometer. The result was as follows. There were significant difference between postural sway of orthotic and nonorthotic conditions(t=4.888, 4.589, p<0.001), and the leg of the small RCSP within a subject has the small postural sway index($x^2=26.000$, p<0.001). In conclusion, foot orthotics provide structural support for detecting and controlling postural sway in patients prescribed foot orthotics.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

In this study, a robot foot having toes for firm stepping on uneven surface is proposed. The toes are connected to the lower leg by parallel links so that the lower leg can rotate in the rolling and pitching directions during stance phase without ankle joint. The landing performance of the foot on uneven surface was evaluated by relative comparison with that of the most common foot making point contact with the walking surface, since the test conditions considering real uneven surface could be hardly defined for its objective evaluation. Anti-slip margin(ASM) was defined in this study to express the slip resistance of a robot foot when it lands on a projection with half circular-, triangular- or rectangular cross section, assuming that uneven surface consists of projections having these kind of cross sections in different sizes. Based on the ASM analysis, the slip conditions for the two feet were experimentally confirmed. The results showed that the slip resistance of the new foot is not only higher than that of the conventional point contact type foot but also less sensitive to the surface friction coefficient.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2012

Until now, most studies of foot moving or driving posture have been performed under laboratory driving conditions. But there are many different things between actual driving conditions and laboratory driving conditions because, in laboratory conditions, it is hard to consider vehicle's noise, vibration and people's psychology state while driving. Thus this study is performed through actual driving conditions. And while driving test, we recorded driver's foots with 2 cameras to investigate foots(left and right) heel point and how human foots move to control the three pedals : accel, brake and footrest.. Through driving test, the results of this study show that the position of driver's heel point isn't related to stature and tends to be generalized.