• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.877-880
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• 2005

This paper suggests gait analysis and gait simulation method using Gait Motion Capture equipment and plantar pressure measurement system. The gait of normal person and how it will be effected by added weight with wearing military equipments are studied by suggested method. It is measured that a change of gait pattern when wears military equipments with Korean male adult(height 180 cm, weight 70 kg) and simulated its results.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined how the direction of carrying a load affects the foot stability and kinesiology while walking. Methods: The heel rotation, Hallux stiffness, foot balance, metatarsal load, toe out angle, subtalar joint flexibility were measured in 40 adults (men and women) who carried a load back and forth, walking on a 2-meter-long board. The measurement was carried out three times and the mean of the measurements was used to compare the difference between the front, back and the condition without a load. Results: While walking, heel rotation and hallux stiffness occurred most when a front load was applied compared to a back load or no load condition (p<0.05). A metatarsal load also appeared to be the highest with the frond load, but there was no significant difference in the balance of the whole foot. Both the toe out angle and subtalar joint flexibility appeared to increase significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: Applying the front load causes subtalar joint instability and increases the plantar foot pressure imbalance during walking.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.189-198
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of biomechanical variables on gait according to indoor and outdoor environmental conditions in elderly women at risk of falling. Method: 26 elderly women aged 70 years or older, and consisted of 13 elderly people with a walking speed of less 1.0 m/s and 13 people in the fall risk group as normal groups. Depending on the purpose of the study, physical examination and psychological questionnaire were prepared, and then walking was performed in an indoor/outdoor environment, and the gait pattern, muscle activity, and plantar pressure results were compared and analyzed in the elderly females through a 2 group × 2 environment 2-way repeted ANOVA analysis. Results: The gait variable showed an interaction effect the cadence. The muscle variables showed interaction effects in the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior muscles, and the interaction effects of the plantar pressure variables were confirmed in the forefoot and midfoot of the contact area, and the midfoot of the mean pressure. Conclusion: These results indicate that both groups are exposed to falls risk when gait in an outdoor environment, but the fall risk group has a higher risk of falls in both the gait pattern, muscle activity, and plantar pressure variables. The results of this study are considered to be helpful as basic data and development of exercise programs to prevent falls.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.233-242
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in foot contact area and pressure when walking with a functional insole that emphasizes the Hallux point as compared to a general insole. Methods: In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate changes in plantar pressure and contact area for a functional insole that emphasized the Hallux point as compared to a general insole. A lower extremity robot was used for walking reproduction. First, the gait sequence according to the two insoles was determined through a randomized controlled trial comparison. According to the sequence procedure, the insole was attached to the shoe and then worn on the right side of the lower extremity robot for gait reproduction at a normal gait speed of 20 steps per minute. After programming the robot to walk, the experiment was carried out. The result value was determined by averaging the pressure and area data of the fore and rear foot measures after walking at 20 steps per minute. Results: The functional insole that emphasized the hallux point significantly increased the forefoot and rearfoot contact area (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased the forefoot and rearfoot contact pressure (p < 0.05) compared to the general insole. Conclusion: A functional insole that emphasizes the hallux point does not collapse the medial longitudinal arch during gait, increasing foot stability and reducing fatigue. Thus, this functional insole needs to be widely used clinically.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.628-635
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• 2007

We studied the effect of vibratory stimulations of different leg muscles, tibialis anterior(TA) and triceps surae(TS), and plantar zones in ten healthy subjects during 1) quiet standing, 2) forward lean of body, 3) backward lean of body, 4) right lean of body, and 5) left lean of body. The experiments were performed on the force platform. The effect of vibration were measured by monitoring the area of COP(Center of pressure) sway. The subjects wore a vibratory stimulation system on foot and ankles and were given the instruction not to resist against the applied perturbations. The results show that all vibratory stimulations to lower limb muscles and plantar zones reduced the COP sway area. This reduction of the COP sway area occurred also in partial vibratory stimulations during quiet standing. In forward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TA reduced the COP sway area. During backward lean of body, vibratory stimulations to TS reduced the COP sway area. When the subject was tilted right, vibratory stimulations to left plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. During left lean of body, vibratory stimulations to right plantar zone reduced the COP sway area. Thus, the influence of vibratory stimulations to leg muscle and plantar zones differed significantly depending on the lean of body. We suggest that the vibration stimuli from leg muscles and plantar zones could be selectively used to help maintaining postural balance stable.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.12
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• pp.1722-1725
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• 2014

An experimental investigation of COP(center of pressure) was performed using FSR(force sensing resistor) and force plate. The FSR sensor system is used as effective device to detect the movement of human body in activities of daily living. It has been shown that the FSR provides the trajectories of COP with repeatability and reliability.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2003

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between kinematic and kinetic characteristics of foot joints resisting ground reaction force. Passive elastic joint moment and angular displacement were obtained from the experiment using 3 cameras and force plate. The relationship between joint angle and moment was mathematically modeled by using least square method. The ranges of motion of joints ranged from 5$^{\circ}$ to 7$^{\circ}$ except metatarsophalangeal joint. In the study, we presented simple mathematical models that could relate joint angle and plantar pressure. From this model, we can got the kinematic data of joints which is not available from conventional motion analysis. Furthermore, the model can be used not only for biomechanical model which simulates gait but also for clinical evaluation.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis is a common condition with an increasing prevalence and is a common cause of disability. Osteoarthritic pain decreases the quality of life, and simple gait training is used to alleviate it. Knee osteoarthritis limits joint motion in the sagittal and lateral directions. Although many recent studies have activated orthotic research to increase knee joint stabilization, no study has used patellar tendon straps to treat knee osteoarthritis. Objects: This study aimed to determine the effects of patellar tendon straps on kinematic, mechanical, and electromyographic activation in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected. After creating the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), leg length difference, Q-angle, and thumb side flexion angle of the foot were measured. Kinematic, kinetic, and muscle activation data during walking before and after wearing the orthosis were viewed. Results: After wearing the patellar tendon straps, hip adduction from the terminal stance phase, knee flexion from the terminal swing phase, and ankle plantar flexion angle increased during the pre-swing and initial swing phases. The cadence of spatiotemporal parameters and velocity increased, and step time, stride time, and foot force duration decreased. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the increase in plantar flexion after strap wearing is inferred by an increase due to neurological mechanisms, and adduction at the hip joint is inferred by an increase in adduction due to increased velocity. The increase in cadence and velocity and the decrease in gait speed and foot pressure duration may be due to joint stabilization. It can be inferred that joint stabilization is increased by wearing knee straps. Thus, wearing a patellar tendon strap during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis influences kinematic changes in the sagittal plane of the joint.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.383-392
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• 2020

This study was to compare the effects of joint mobilization, treadmill with insole, and joint mobilization and treadmill with insole on pain, pelvic angle, and foot pressure in patients with sacroiliac joint pain. 24 patients randomly assigned to joint mobilization group(n=8), treadmill with insole group(n=8), or joint mobilization and treadmill with insole group(n=8). Each groups were conducted 30 minutes a day, two days a week for four weeks. Pain was evaluated using visual analogue scale and pelvic angle was measured using palpation meter and foot pressure(fore/rear ratio) was measured using Gateview AFA-50 before intervention and after 4 weeks. All groups were significant differences pain in intragroup(p<.01). In pelvic angle, the joint mobilization group was statistically significant in the anterior tilt only, the joint mobilization and treadmill with insole group showed statistically significant improvement in both anterior and posterior tilt(p<.01), and the treadmill with insole group did not show any statistically significant change(p>.05). Also the joint mobilization and treadmill with insole group were significant differences in foot pressure(p<.01). All the interventions reduce sacroiliac joint pain and joint mobilization and treadmill with insole training are most effective changes in pelvic angle and foot pressure. This study can be used as a basic data for prevention of injury, posture correction and gait training in patients with sacroiliac joint pain, as well as chronic low back pain and plantar pressure problem.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.337-344
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of theratainment low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface on knee and static plantar pressure in patient with genu varum. 25 adult subjects were recruited and randomized into stable surface exercise group(SEG) and unstable surface exercise group(UEG). Subjects carried out complex exercise(elastic band exercise & squat exercise) for 40 minutes, 4 times per week for 5 weeks. The knee joint distance and Q-angle of all subjects measured, the foot pressure measured distribution on the front and rear of both foots during pre and post. The most outcome at post was significantly improved than the pre outcome in the both group(p<.05). The result of this study show that the low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface may be appropriate for improving structure of knee joint and static plantar pressure in patient with genu varum. This will enable the application of low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface in rehabilitation therapy of genu varum and it will help guide the selection of the therapist as one therapeutic basis.