• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1240-1245
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• 2008

Kimbab is the most popular ready-to-eat (RTE) food in Korea. A rapid detection method based on multiplex PCR technique was developed for detection of major food-borne pathogens like Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytongenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. Specific bands were obtained as 108 bp (Sau, S. aureus), 284 bp (Sal, S. enterica, S. enteritids, and S. typhmurium), 404 bp (Lmo, L. monocytogenes), 475 bp (Bce, B. cereus), and 600 bp (Shi, S. flexineri and S. sonnei). Visible cell numbers varied from 4.14-5.03, 3.61-4.47, and 4.10-5.11 log CFU/g in randomly collected June, July, and August samples, respectively. Among the 30 kimbab samples obtained 83.3% samples were contaminated and 16.7% samples were free from contamination. The highest rate of contamination was with S. aureus (56.7%) followed by B. cereus (43.3%), Salmonella spp. (36.7%), Shigella spp. (13.3%), and L. monocytogenes (6.7%). The identification of the pathogenic species could be faster using one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the ability to test for food-borne pathogenic species in kimbab will save time and increase the ability to assure its quality.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.675-690
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• 2007

Bacteriocins in Gram-positive bacteria have attracted much attention because many have a strong antimicrobial activity also against bacteria outside the genera of the producers. Lantibiotics and the pediocin-like bactericins have attracted most attention since they kill a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria including important pathogens. But many other promising Gram-positive bacteriocins have been thoroughly characterized. Recent studies have shown that bacteriocins may playa role in the intestinal flora to protect us against the food-borne pathogens. Bacterial genome sequencing has demonstrated that there may be an arsenal of such compounds and we are only seeing the top of the iceberg. The present review gives a short outlook of the field of bacteriocins with focus on lactic acid bacteria and includes recent findings.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the Viscum album var. coloratum extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Viscum album var. coloratum was extracted with methanol at room temperature and the fractionation of the methanol extracts was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Viscum album var. coloratum extracts was determined by using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The petroleum ether extracts of Viscum album var. coloratum showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Shigella dysenteriae. Synergistic effect in inhibition was observed when Viscum album var. coloratum extract was mixed with Perillae folium extract as compared with each extract alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curves were determined by using petroleum ether extracts of Viscum album var. coloratum against Bacillus cereus and Shigella dysenteriae. The petroleum ether extract of Viscum album var. coloratum had strong antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus at the concentration of 5,000 ppm. At this concentration, the growth of Bacillus cereus was retarded more than 24 hours and up to 12 hours for Shigella dysenteriae. In conclusion, the petroleum ether extracts of Viscum album var. coloratum inhibit efficiently Bacillus cereus and Shigella dysenteriae.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, Ulmus davidiana var. japonica was extracted with methanol at room temperature and the fractionation of the methanol extracts was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The antimicrobial activity of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica extracts was determined by using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The methanol extracts of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Finally, the growth inhibition curves were determined by using methanol extracts of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Salmonella typhimurium. The methanol extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica had strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis at the concentration of 4,000 ppm. At this concentration, the growth of Salmonella typhimurium was retarded more than 48 hours and up to 12 hours for Staphylococcus epidermidis. In conclusion, the methanol extracts of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica inhibit efficiently Staphylococcus epidermidis and Salmonella typhimurium.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1995

Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria have attracted much attention in recent years because of their useful worth in increasing safety and extending shelf life of foods. These substances show an inhibitory effect against some food spoilage bacteria and food-borne pathogens. The inhibitory effect fo the bacteriocin produces by lactic acid bacteria against Listeria monocytogenes(L. monocytogenes) was examined in this study. The culture supernatants of 5 kinds of bacteria among the 10 kinds of testes lactic acid bacteria had the inhibitory activity against Listeria sp., various Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum(Lact. plantarum) LMG 7945 was the most active toward L. monocytogenes. Bacteriocin production of the Lact. plantarum LMG 7945 cultured on MRS broth was increased late logarithmic phase over early stationary phase. This bacteriocin was stable at heat treatment and acidic pH relatively; The activity was retained after heating at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 15min and was active in the pH range of 2~4 but was lost above pH 5.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2011

Antimicrobial activity and bactericidal activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts were investigated against five food-borne pathogens, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes. Methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. revealed antimicrobial activities against five pathogens. In particular, by paper disc diffusion the highest activity was shown against L. monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts showed the most potent activities, but hexane fraction had no activity. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol turned out to have higher antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) bacteria than Gram(-) bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration against five food-borne pathogens was 1.563 mg/ml on Gram(+) bacteria and 3.125 mg/ml on Gram(-) bacteria. The result of antimicrobial activity in a shaking flask method showed that bacterial growth rate fell by more than 99.999% at 3.125 mg/ml of methanol extract. The highest rate of viable reduction (99.998%) was shown at 0.781 mg/ml of methanol extract against L. monocytogenes. After five minutes of reaction between test strains and methanol extracts, the growth rates of five kinds of bacteria were reduced by more than 99.999% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Therefore, it is suggested that methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can be developed as a natural sanitizer or disinfectant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2003

In this study, Artemisia capillaries, which has been used as a folk remedy, was investigated for its antimicrobial activity. First, the Aremisia capillaris was extracted with methanol at room temperature, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Artemisia capillaris was carried out using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Second, the antimicrobial activity of the Artemisia capillaris extracts was determined using a paper disc method and minimum inhibitory concentration of ethyl acetate extracts from Artemisia capillaris against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria was measured. Finally, the growth inhibition curve was determined using ethyl acetate extracts of Artemisia capillaris against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. The ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia capillaris showed strong antimicrobial activity against S. typhimurium at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. The 3,000 ppm of ethyl acetate extract from Artemisia capillaris retarded the growth of S. aureus and S. typhimurium for up to 6 hours.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2016

본 연구는 축산식품으로부터 식중독균 검출을 위한 시료 전처리법을 확립하기 위해 전처리용액, 균질화 시간, 시료와 전처리용액의 비율에 따른 회수율을 비교하였다. 이를 위하여 햄, 발효유, 소고기에 E. coli O157:H7, S. aureus, S. Typhimurium를 7.0 log CFU/g로 접종하고 PW, SS, BPD, BPW로 처리하였다. 또한 균질화 시간은 30, 60, 90, 120, 300초, 시료와 전처리용액 비율은 1:2, 1:4, 1:9, 1:19로 각각 처리하였다. 그 결과 발효유와 소고기에서는 BPW로 처리하였을 때 전반적으로 식중독균의 회수율이 높았으나(p < 0.05), 햄의 경우에는 전처리 용액에 따른 유의적 차이는 없다. 전처리용액의 최적 비율은 햄, 발효유, 소고기가 각각 1:9, 1:2, 1:4였으며(p < 0.05), 균질화 시간은 모든 시료에서 120초로 처리했을 때 유의적으로 가장 높은 회수율이 나타났다(p < 0.05). 따라서 선정된 최적 전처리 조건에서 식중독균 회수율을 수행한 결과 모든 시료 및 균종에서 85%이상의 높은 회수율을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 축산식품으로부터 식중독균 검출을 위한 전처리 용액 및 시료와 전처리용액의 비율은 시료의 종류에 따라 적절한 것으로 사용하는 것이 식중독균 검출의 정확성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단되어진다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the Pulsatilla koreana extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Pulsatilla koreana was extracted with methanol at room temperatures, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Pulsatilla koreana was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Pulsatilla koreana extracts was determined using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The ethyl acetate extracts of Pulsatilla koreana showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Shigella dysenteriae. The Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae were inhibited by petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Pulsatilla koreana as well as ethyl acetate extracts of Pulsatilla koreana. The synergistic effect has been found in combined extracts of Pulsatilla koreana and Portulaca oleracea as compared to each extracts alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curve was determined using ethyl acetate extracts of Pulsatilla koreana against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. The ethyl acetate extract of Pulsatilla koreana showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 2,000 ppm. The 2,000 ppm of ethyl acetate extract from Pulsatilla koreana retarded the growth of S. aureus more than 12 hours and Shigella dysenteriae up to 9 hours.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.187-189
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• 2013

The antimicrobial activities of emodin and its derivatives (anthraquinone, alizarin, and alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid) were evaluated using a paper disc diffusion method against foodborne bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus intermedius, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella sonnei). Emodin isolated from C. tora seeds has an antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, followed by alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid ($13.0{\pm}2.5mm$) and alizarin ($11.5{\pm}1.2mm$). Furthermore, emodin showed the antimicrobial activity against S. sonnei and S. typhimurium. In conclusion, C. tora seed and its active component derivatives are useful for the development of natural products on food supplemental agents and pharmaceuticals.