• 제목/요약/키워드: Food and Agriculture Industry

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해외 주요국가의 농·식품 R&D 투자 정책 및 동향 (Investment policy and trends of agri-food R&D in major overseas countries)

  • 홍석인
    • 식품과학과 산업
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.410-421
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    • 2020
  • 농·식품 분야의 중장기 연구개발 계획 수립과 관련해서, 해외 주요국가의 R&D 정책 및 투자 동향을 파악하여 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 해외 주요국의 동향을 살펴본 결과, 선진국을 중심으로 농·식품 분야 R&D에 대한 지속적인 정부 지원과 함께 효율적인 자원관리의 중요성을 강조하고 있다. 미국이나 유럽의 경우 농산업 생산성에 대한 공공투자를 줄이고, 기후변화·식량안보·식품안전·국민건강·자연환경 등의 사회문제 부각에 따라 지속가능성 측면에서 경제와 환경 간의 조화, 인체영양과 건강뿐만 아니라 동식물 건강, 통합적 생태계 접근 등을 강조하고 있다. 특히 식품 분야는 식품안전, 영양과 건강을 중심으로 공공부문이, 식품가공, 제조는 민간부문이 주로 투자하는 편이다. 한편 일본이나 중국의 경우에는 민간투자보다 공공부문에서의 투자가 크게 앞서고 있으며, 정부가 중장기 연구방향을 제시하는 등 연구개발혁신을 주도하는 입장이다. 비록 국가마다 시급한 현안사항과 대응방안이 다르지만, 농·식품 분야 연구개발혁신 및 발전전략의 효율성을 제고하기 위해 공공과 민간의 상호보완적 역할 분담을 바탕으로 긴밀한 협력활동이 이루어지고 있다.

First Report of an Apple Ring Rot Fungus Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai in Korea

  • Gwang-Jae Lim;Kallol Das;Hyeong-Jin Noh;Seong-Keun Lim;Young-Je Cho;Seung-Yeol Lee;Hee-Young Jung;Seong Hwan Kim
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.111-120
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    • 2023
  • Three fungal strains designated as KNUF-23-MG32, KNUF-23-YC8, and KNUF-23-MJ82 were isolated from the abnormal symptomatic apple trees during screening fungal pathogens collected in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. These fungal strains were found to have similar cultural and morphological characteristics close to the genus Botryosphaeria. Morphological characteristics were matched with B. kuwatsukai CBS 135219 but different with B. dothidea KACC 45481 and B. sinensis HMAS 246714T. Pathogenicity tests of strain KNUF-23-MG32 showed that this strain causes rot in Fuji apples. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1α), and partial β-tubulin (TUB2) showed that these strains are B. kuwatsukai. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an apple ring rot fungus Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai in Korea.

Magnetic fields-assisted movement of iron oxide-nanoparticles-incorporated large scale alginate capsules

  • Lee, Dohyeon;Park, Sunho;Kim, Daun;Nam, Hyeun;Kim, Jangho
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
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    • pp.27-27
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    • 2017
  • Biocompatible capsules have recently been highlighted as novel delivery platforms of any "materials" (e.g., drug, food, agriculture pesticide) to address current problems of living systems such as humans, animals, and plats in academia and industry for agriculture, biological, biomedical, environmental, food applications. For example, biocompatible alginate capsules were proposed as a delivery platform of biocontrol agents (e.g., bacterial antagonists) for an alternative to antibiotics, which will be a potential strategy in future agriculture. Here, we proposed a new platform based on biocompatible alginate capsules that can control the movements as an active target delivery strategy for various applications including agriculture and biological engineering. We designed and fabricated large scale biocompatible capsules using alginates and custom-made nozzles as well as gelling solutions. To develop the active target delivery platforms, we incorporated the iron oxide nanoparticles in the large scale alginate capsules. It was found that the sizes of large scale alginate capsules could be controlled via various working conditions such as concentrations of alginate solutions and iron oxide nanoparticles. As a proof of concept work, we showed that the iron oxide particles-incorporated large scale alginate capsules could be moved actively by the magnetic fields, which would be a strategy as active target delivery platforms for agriculture and biological engineering (e.g., controlled delivery of agriculture pesticides and biocontrol agents).

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Effect of bamboo shoot dietary fiber on gel properties, microstructure and water distribution of pork meat batters

  • Li, Ke;Liu, Jun-Ya;Fu, Lei;Zhao, Ying-Ying;Zhu, He;Zhang, Yan-Yan;Zhang, Hua;Bai, Yan-Hong
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제33권7호
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    • pp.1180-1190
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    • 2020
  • Objective: To develop healthier comminuted meat products to meet consumer demand, the gel properties, rheological properties, microstructure and water distribution of pork meat batters formulated with various amounts of bamboo shoot dietary fiber (BSDF) were investigated. Methods: Different levels of BSDF (0% to 4%) were added to pork batters, and the pH, color, water-holding capacity, texture and rheological properties of pork batters were determined. Then, pork batters were analyzed for their microstructure and water distribution using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). Results: Compared with the control, BSDF addition into meat batters showed a significant reduction in L*-value and a significant increase in b*-value (p<0.05). BSDF addition of up to 4% reduced the pH value of pork batters by approximately 0.15 units; however, the cooking loss and expressible water loss decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the increased addition of BSDF. The hardness and gel strength were noticeably enhanced (p<0.05) as the content of BSDF increased. The rheological results showed that BSDF added into pork batters produced higher storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") values. The SEM images suggested that the addition of BSDF could promote pork batters to form a more uniform and compact microstructure. The proportion of immobilized water increased significantly (p<0.05), while the population of free water was decreased (p<0.05), indicating that BSDF improved the water-holding capability of pork batters by decreasing the fraction of free water. Conclusion: BSDF could improve the gel properties, rheological properties and water distribution of pork meat batters and decrease the proportion of free water, suggesting that BSDF has great potential as an effective binder in comminuted meat products.

Total Diet Study: For a Closer-to-real Estimate of Dietary Exposure to Chemical Substances

  • Kim, Cho-il;Lee, Jeeyeon;Kwon, Sungok;Yoon, Hae-Jung
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.227-240
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    • 2015
  • Recent amendment on the Food Sanitation Act in Korea mandated the Minister of Food & Drug Safety to secure the scientific basis for management and reevaluation of standards and specifications of foods. Especially because the current food safety control is limited within the scope of 'Farm to Market' covering from production to retail in Korea, safety control at the plane of true 'Farm to Fork' scope is urgently needed and should include 'total diet' of population instead of individual food items. Therefore, 'Total Diet Study (TDS)' which provides 'closer-to-real' estimates of exposure to hazardous materials through analysis on table-ready (cooked) samples of foods would be the solution to more comprehensive food safety management, as suggested by World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Although the protection of diets from hazards must be considered as one of the most essential public health functions of any country, we may need to revisit the value of foods which has been too much underrated by the meaningless amount of some hazardous materials in Korea. Considering the primary value of foods lies on sustaining life, growth, development, and health promotion of human being, food safety control should be handled not only by the presence or absence of hazardous materials but also by maximizing the value of foods via balancing with the preservation of beneficial components in foods embracing total diet. In this regard, this article aims to provide an overview on TDS by describing procedures involved except chemical analysis which is beyond our scope. Also, details on the ongoing TDS in Korea are provided as an example. Although TDS itself might not be of keen interest for most readers, it is the main user of the safety reference values resulted from toxicological research in the public health perspective.

Cytokine modulation in Raw 264.7 macrophages treated with ginseng fermented by Penibacillus MBT213

  • Son, Ji Yoon;Renchinkhand, Gereltuya;Bae, Hyoung Churl;Paik, Seung-Hee;Lee, Jo Yoon;Nam, Myoung Soo
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.769-777
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    • 2018
  • The fermentation of Panax ginseng yields many compounds including ginsenosides that have various biological functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the modulation of nitric oxide (NO), Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ in Raw 264.7 cells treated with ginseng fermented by Penibacillus MBT213. Nitric oxide production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated for 24 hours with fermented ginseng at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment decreased to 74, 43, and 36%, respectively, compared with the positive control. The production of IL-6 was inhibited in all the cells treated with fermented ginseng at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment except for the positive control. The $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated with fermented ginseng for 6 hours at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment was about 40,000, 85,000 and 65,000 pg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in the Raw 264.7 cells treated with fermented ginseng for 24 hours at 7 and 14 days after the treatment was about 160,000 and 180,000 pg/mL, respectively. However, $TNF-{\alpha}$ production was inhibited in the Raw 264.7 cells at 6 and 12 hours after the treatment with fermented ginseng. herefore, it was confirmed that the immunological activity of the Raw 264.7 macrophages was affected by the treatment with fermented ginseng. It was concluded that ginseng fermented by Paenibacillus MBT213 possesses a potential anti-inflammatory activity and could be used as an ingredient in functional foods and pharmaceutical products.

Proximate Content Monitoring of Black Soldier Fly Larval (Hermetia illucens) Dry Matter for Feed Material using Short-Wave Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging

  • Juntae Kim;Hary Kurniawan;Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada;Geonwoo Kim;Hoonsoo Lee;Moon Sung Kim;Insuck Baek;Byoung-Kwan Cho
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제43권6호
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    • pp.1150-1169
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    • 2023
  • Edible insects are gaining popularity as a potential future food source because of their high protein content and efficient use of space. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are noteworthy because they can be used as feed for various animals including reptiles, dogs, fish, chickens, and pigs. However, if the edible insect industry is to advance, we should use automation to reduce labor and increase production. Consequently, there is a growing demand for sensing technologies that can automate the evaluation of insect quality. This study used short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging to predict the proximate composition of dried BSFL, including moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content. The larvae were dried at various temperatures and times, and images were captured using an SWIR camera. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to predict the proximate content. The SWIR-based hyperspectral camera accurately predicted the proximate composition of BSFL from the best preprocessing model; moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content were predicted with high accuracy, with R2 values of 0.89 or more, and root mean square error of prediction values were within 2%. Among preprocessing methods, mean normalization and max normalization methods were effective in proximate prediction models. Therefore, SWIR-based hyperspectral cameras can be used to create automated quality management systems for BSFL.

An Insight of Meat Industry in Pakistan with Special Reference to Halal Meat: A Comprehensive Review

  • Sohaib, Muhammad;Jamil, Faraz
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.329-341
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    • 2017
  • Livestock is considered central component in agricultural sector of Pakistan, provides employment to more than 8 million families. Meat and meat products holds pivotal significance in meeting dietary requirements serving as major protein source and provide essential vitamins and minerals. Globally, consumer demand is increasing for healthy, hygienic and safe meat and meat products due to growing population, income level and food choices. As, food choices are mainly influenced by region, religion and economic level. However, religion is one of the major factor to influence the food choices. In this context, halal foods a growing trend, trade estimated to cross USD $ 3 trillion and among this, meat sector contribute about US$ 600 billion. Halal meat and allied products is requirement from Muslims but it is also accepted by non-Muslims due to safe and hygienic nature, nutritious value and superior quality. Pakistan meat industry is vibrant and has seen rigorous developments during last decade as government also showed interest to boost livestock production and processing facilities to meet increasing local and global demand. The industry has potential to grow owing to its natural animal rearing capability, muslim majority country (96% of total population), improvisation of market and consumer preference towards halal meat. Current review debates Pakistan meat industry scenario, production trend, global trade as well as future potential with respect to modernization, processing, distribution and trade. The data presented here is useful for meat producers, processors and people involved in export of Pakistani meat and meat based products.

Determination and prediction of the digestible and metabolizable energy contents of corn germ meal in growing pigs

  • Shi, Meng;Liu, Zhaoyu;Wang, Hongliang;Shi, Chuanxin;Liu, Ling;Wang, Junjun;Li, Defa;Zhang, Shuai
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.405-412
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    • 2019
  • Objective: This experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of corn germ meals (CGM) and to develop equations to predict the corresponding energy contents based on the chemical characteristics of individual CGM. Methods: Sixty-six barrows (initial body weight = $51.3{\pm}4.6kg$) were allotted to 11 diets including a basal diet and 10 CGM test diets in a completely randomized design. In the test diets, CGM was included in replacement of 30% of the energy-providing ingredients in the basal diet, resulting in a final inclusion rate of 29.1%. Each diet was fed to 6 barrows housed in individual metabolism crates for a 7-d acclimation period followed by a 5-d total but separate collection of feces and urine. Results: Considerable variation was observed in acid-hydrolyzed ether extract, ether extract, ash, calcium (Ca) and total phosphorus contents among the CGM samples. On dry matter (DM) basis, the DE and ME contents of the CGM ranged from 10.22 to 15.83 MJ/kg and from 9.94 to 15.43 MJ/kg, respectively. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents were negatively correlated with the DE and ME contents of CGM samples. The best-fit prediction equations for the DE and ME values (MJ/kg DM) of the 10 CGM were: DE = 26.85-0.28 insoluble dietary fiber (%)-17.79 Ca (%); ME = 21.05-0.43 ADF (%)-11.40 Ca (%). Conclusion: The chemical compositions of CGM vary depending on sources, particularly in ether extract and Ca. The DE and ME values of CGM can be predicted based on their chemical composition in growing pigs.

Cultivation Method of Cordyceps militaris Mycelium Using Tenebrio molitor Larvae to Produce High Content Cordycepin

  • Neul-I Ha;Seul-Ki Mun;Seung-Bin Im;Hee-Gyeong Jeong;Kyoung-Sun Seo;Seung-Eon Ban;Kyung-Je Kim;Sung-Tae Yee
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.115-115
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    • 2022
  • The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has been estimating the potential of insects as human food and animal feed for convincing food security since 2010. On account of this reason, Tenebrio molitor larvae have been gaining considerable attention as an alternative protein source for various foods. However, consumers do not prefer them because of their disgusting appearance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method that improve their appearance as to lead to T. molitor larvae consumption. In this study, T. molitor larvae which is prepared for optimally sampling conditions (shade drying, 30 min boiling after hot air drying, 30 min steaming after hot air drying), were cultured with Cordyceps militaris mycelia, and measured growth and density of mycelial. Also analyzed the cordycepin and adenosine content compared with commercial C. militaris. As a result, T. molitor larvae cultivated with C. militaris mycelia showed the highest cordycepin content (13.75 mg/g) was observed in optimal sampling conditions (shade drying). Therefore, we report that the methods which T. molitor larvae cultivated with C. militaris mycelia not only improve their appearance but also increase cordycepin content, which can be contributed to lead T. molitor larvae consumption.

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