• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of nutrient intake, screen time (television viewing and computer and/or video games) and physical activity on obesity in preschool children. Recruitment began in January 2008 by distributing letters to mothers who had children aged 6 years enrolled in daycare. Dietary intakes were obtained from the children's mothers, using the 24-hour recall method. The average height and weight of the children were 114.2 cm and 20.3 kg, respectively. Mean age, body weight, height and Kaup index were not significantly different between groups consisting of boys or girls. Assessment by the Kaup index showed that 14.0% of children were underweight, 69.0% were normal weight, 13.0% were overweight, and 4% were obese. The daily intakes of calcium, potassium, fiber, and folic acid in the group of boys were 77.7%, 58.5%, 80.4% and 88.9% respectively. as compared with the DRIs. The daily intakes of calcium, potassium, fiber, and folic acid in the group of girls were 77.7%, 58.5%, 80.4% and 88.9%, respectively. as compared with the DRIs. Intakes of protein, phosphorus, iron, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, and vitamin E were higher than the DRIs. There were no difference among 3 groups (underweight, normal, overweight) in energy or nutrient intake. Preschool children with screen time (TV viewing and computer and/or video games use time) of >2 hours per day had significantly higher Kaup index values, and intakes of energy, carbohydrate, folic acid and zinc. In conclusion, preschool children with reported screen time (TV viewing and computer and/or video games use time) of >2 hours per day were fatter. Therefore, we need further investigate the relation between diet and screen time in preschool children to improve future nutrition education programs. Further studies are required to explore the effects of food intake and screen time (TV viewing and computer and/or video games use time) over a longer period of time.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.721-729
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• 2022

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing graded concentrations of inorganic sulphur (S) without and with folic acid (FA) in maize-soybean meal diets on performance, slaughter and anti-oxidant variables, immune responses and serum protein fractions in broiler chicken. Methods: Inorganic S was supplemented at 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% alone or in combination with FA (4 mg/kg) in basal diet (BD) containing no supplemental methionine (Met) and FA. A control group was fed with the recommended concentration of Met. Each diet was offered to 10 pens of 5 male broiler chicks (Cobb 400) and fed ad libitum from day 1 to 42. Results: The broilers fed the BD had lower body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency (FE), higher lipid peroxidation (LP), lower activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), lower lymphocyte proliferation ratio (LPR), and reduced concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin in serum. Supplementation of FA and S to the BD improved the BWG (all concentrations of S) and FE (0.20% S) similar to the control group. Similarly, the combination of S and FA significantly improved the concentrations of total protein, albumin, and globulin in serum, reduced the LP and increased the activity of GSHPx and LPR. However, responses in the above parameters were related to the concentration of S in the diet. The slaughter variables and antibody titres against the Newcastle disease were not affected with the treatments. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is concluded that the combination of S (0.2%) and FA (4 mg/kg) improved the BWG and FE, similarly supplementation of these nutrients improved the concentration of protein fractions and reduced the stress (reduced LP and improved GSHPx) variables in serum and improved the cell mediated immune response (LPR) in broilers fed sub-optimal concentrations of Met in diet.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.875-882
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• 2024

Objective: An experiment was conducted to study the effect of supplementing DL methionine (DL Met) at graded concentrations on performance, carcass variables, immune responses and antioxidant variables in broiler chicken fed folic acid (FA) fortified (4 mg/kg) low-methionine diet. Methods: A basal diet (BD) without supplemental DL Met, but with higher level (4 mg/kg) of FA and a control diet (CD) with the recommended concentration of methionine (Met) were prepared. The BD was supplemented with DL Met at graded concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% supplemental DL Met of CD). Each diet was fed ad libitum to 10 replicates of 5 broiler male chicks in each from 1 to 42 d of age. Results: Body weight gain (BWG) reduced, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased in broilers fed low-Met BD. At 30% and 20% inclusion of DL met, the BWG and FCR, respectively were similar to those fed the CD. Similarly, supplementation of 10% DL Met to the BD significantly increased ready to cook meat yield and breast meat weight, which were similar to those of the CD fed broilers. Lipid peroxidation reduced, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSHPx and GSHRx) in serum increased and lymphocyte proliferation increased with increased supplemental DL Met level in the BD. The concentrations of total protein and albumin in serum increased with DL Met supplementation to the BD. Conclusion: Based on the data, it can be concluded that supplemental Met can be reduced to less than 50% in broiler chicken diets (4.40, 3.94, and 3.39 g/kg, respectively in pre-starter, starter and finisher phases) containing 4 mg/kg FA.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2022

This study evaluated the correlation between serum uric acid level and the nutrients adequacy ratio (NAR) using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016~2019. This is a cross-sectional study in which 6,579 Korean male adults were divided into quartiles according to their uric acid levels. All analyses were performed with adjusted age. Uric acid decreased as the age increased from the age group 19~29 years to 30~49 years and then to 50~64 years. Interquartile results of serum uric acid levels showed that increases in the serum uric acid levels were associated with decreases in LDL-cholesterol (P<0.01), triglycerides (P<0.001), body weight (P<0.001), waist circumference (P<0.001), body mass index (P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P<0.001). However, uric acid levels decreased with an increase in HDL cholesterol (P<0.001). The analysis of the NARs according to the quartiles of serum uric acid levels in men showed that an increase in serum uric acid levels was associated with a decrease in the NAR levels of dietary fiber (P<0.001), calcium (P<0.001), and folic acid (P<0.001).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.475-481
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• 2006

목 적 : 소아 비만의 빈도가 점점 증가하면서 비만으로 인한 고혈압, 관상동맥 질환, 고지혈증, 인슐린 저항, 당뇨병 등의 합병증이 문제가 되고 있다. 관상동맥 질환에서 호모시스테인 치의 증가, 비타민 $B_{12}$ 섭취의 감소가 중요한 역할을 하고 있음이 보고되고 있으나, 비만에서는 아직 호모시스테인, 인슐린, 비타민 $B_{12}$에 대한 연구가 많지 않은 실정이다. 저자들은 호모시스테인, 인슐린, 비타민 $B_{12}$, 엽산이 비만아에서 어떤 연관성을 갖고 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 8세부터 11세 사이에 비만도가 130 이상인 중등도 비만아 27명을 대상군으로 하였고, 같은 연령의 30명의 정상 소아를 대조군으로 하였다. 신장, 체중을 이용하여 비만도와 체질량 지수를 산출하였고, 안정된 상태에서 수축기, 이완기 혈압을 측정하였다. 10시간 이상 금식 후 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 호모시시테인, 인슐린, 비타민 $B_{12}$, 엽산을 측정하였다. 생체전기저항법을 이용하여 세포내액, 세포외액, 단백질, 무기질, 근육량, 체지방량, 체지방률, 복부지방률 등을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 호모시스테인은 비만군에서 $8.1{\pm}2.1{\mu}mol/mL$로 $4.9{\pm}1.0{\mu}mol/mL$인 정상군보다 유의하게 높았고, 인슐린도 비만군에서 $26.8{\pm}11.2{\mu}IU/mL$로 $12.5{\pm}5.24{\mu}IU/mL$인 정상군보다 유의하게 높았다. 비타민 $B_{12}$는 비만군에서 $798.6{\pm}174.3pg/mL$로 $967.8{\pm}405.0pg/mL$인 정상군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 그러나 엽산은 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 비만군에서 인슐린은 수축기 혈압(r=0.535), 중성 지방(r=0.517), 총 콜레스테롤(r=0.408), 복부지방률(r=0.306)과 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 결 론 : 비만아에서 호모시스테인, 인슐린과 비타민 $B_{12}$가 의미있는 혈중 농도 차이를 보였으나 심혈관 질환 등의 성인병을 예방하는 예측 인자로 사용할 수 있는지 알기 위해 더 많은 연구가 필요하겠다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1981

합성배지(合成培地)에서 고온성양송이 (Agaricus bitorquis)와 느타리 (Pleurotus ostreatus)의 균사생육(菌絲生育)을 실험(實驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 균사생육(菌絲生育)의 최적(最適) pH와 온도(溫度)는 A. bitorquis경우 pH $6.0{\sim}6.5$, 온도(溫度)는 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$, P. ostreatus는 pH $5.0{\sim}6.5$,온도(溫度)는 $25^{\circ}C$이었다. 2. 균사생육(菌絲生育)이 양호(良好)한 탄소원(炭素源)과 질소원(室素源)은 A. bitorquis 경우 glucose, starch와 peptone이었고, P. ostreatus 는 glucose, fructose, starch와 peptone이었다. 3. C/N률(率)이 너무 낮거나 높으면 오히려 균사수율(菌絲收率)이 감소(減少)하였고 동일 C/N률(率)에서는 glucose와 peptone의 농도(濃度)가 높은 편이 균사수율(菌絲收率)이 높았다. 4. 균사생육(菌絲生育)이 양호(良好)한 vitamin은 A. bitorquis 경우 thianmine, Ca-pantothenate, folic acid이었고 P. ostreatus는 thiamine, folic acid, inositol이었다. 5. 배지(培地)의 성분(成分)은 배양기간(培養期間)의 경과에 따라 pH, 총질소(總窒素) glucose는 점진적으로 감소되었고 균사수율(菌絲收率)은 이와 반대로 증가 되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2011

경상북도, 성주 지역에서 2009년 6월에서 8월 사이 매달 참외를 수확하여 수확시기의 기상환경이 참외의 수용성 비타민 함량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 과실 품질평가를 조사하기 위하여 무게, 경도 그리고 당도 등의 특성을 조사하였고 수용성 비타민인 엽산과 비타민 C의 함량을 측정하였다. 수확시기에 따른 과실특성을 조사한 결과 강우량이 적고 일사량이 많은 6월에 수확한 과실이 무게, 경도 및 당도가 가장 높게 나타났고, 강우량이 많은 7월에 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보여주었다. 8월에 일사량이 증가하고 강우량이 감소하면서 다시 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 참외의 대표적인 비타민인 엽산과 비타민 C의 함량을 측정한 결과, 6월에 수확한 참외에서 가장 높은 함량을 보여주었고, 7월에 현저히 감소하였다. 과실의 특성 조사 결과와 마찬가지로 엽산과 비타민 C의 함량은 강우량이 감소하는 8월에 다시 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다. 부위별로 분석해 본 결과 태좌 부위에 다량의 엽산과 비타민 C가 함유되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 연구결과는 강우량 증가에 의한 수분장애 및 일사량 부족은 참외 과실의 품질뿐만 아니라 수용성 비타민 함량에도 영향을 미치고 있고, 특히 엽산 함량을 크게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2008

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is one of significant risk factors of developing diabetes. The persons with IFG are, thus, an important target group for primary prevention of diabetes. It is well known that plasma homocysteine concentration may be increased in poor folate nutritional status. Elevated level of plasma homocysteine is considered as a marker of enhanced oxidative stress. In addition, the protective effect against oxidative stress may be diminished in poor antioxidative nutrient status as vitamin C. It is, therefore, important to maintain adequate nutritional status of folate and vitamin C in the patients with type 2 diabetes or IFG. This study was performed to determine the effects of supplementation of folic acid or vitamin C on plasma concentrations of homocysteine, oxidized LDL, and lipids and on the activity of plasma anti-oxidative enzyme in patients with IFG. A total of 97 patients with IFG were participated voluntarily with written consents. They were divided into one of the four experimental groups; Control (C), Folatesupplemented (F), Ascorbate-supplemented (A), and Folate plus ascorbate-supplemented (FA). The subjects in C were taken placebo, those in F were supplemented 1 mg of folate, those in A were received 1,000 mg of vitamin C, and those in FA were given 1 mg of folate plus 1,000 mg of vitamin C daily for 4 weeks. No change in plasma concentrations of vitamin C, lipids, and oxidized LDL and the activity of GSH-Px were observed in vitamin C-supplemented group (A + FA) and folate-supplemented group (F + FA) compared to the placebo group (C + A). Only the folate-supplemented group (F + FA) had significantly increased average serum folate concentration and lowered plasma homocysteine concentration compared to the placebo group (C + A). Thus, it should be recommended the patients with IFG to increase folate intake through diets and, if it is not sufficient, to take folic acid supplements to prevent the development of complications induced by hyperhomocysteinemia as well as oxidative stress.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1251-1256
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• 2005

In this study, we evaluated the cytoprotective effects of antioxidative substances in hydrogen peroxide ($H_{2}O_{2}$) treated Mel-Ab melanocytes. Tested substances include selenium, quercetin, green tea (GT) extract, and several vitamins (ascorbic acid, Trolox, and folic acid). Of these, both quercetin and GT extract were found to have strong cytoprotective effects on $H_{2}O_{2}$­induced cell death. We also examined additive effects, but no combination of two of any of the above substances was found to act synergistically against oxidative damage in Mel-Ab cells. Nevertheless, a multi-combination of GT extract, quercetin, and folic acid appeared to prevent cellular damage in a synergistic manner, which suggests that combinations of antioxidants may be of importance, and that co-treatment with antioxidants offers a possible means of treating vitiligo, which is known to be related to melanocyte oxidative stress.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.162.1-162.1
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• 1990