• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2020

Purpose: This study assesses the marketing practices and value-added fish products under the Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program (COREMAP) in East Indonesia. Research design, data and methodology: This study gathered qualitative and quantitative data through i) focus group discussions (FGD) with fishers, traders and COREMAP officers, ii) surveys and iii) interviews with fishermen and traders. This study surveyed 714 households (365 in COREMAP and 349 in non-COREMAP) and 33 traders (17 in COREMAP and 16 in non-COREMAP) using structured questionnaires between January and March 2016. This study used Shepherd's Index to estimate the marketing efficiency for each stage of the marketing channel. For value-added fish products, the value is determined by the difference between processed output and the raw product used. Results: Marketing cost in the non-COREMAP area was more efficient than in COREMAP as indicated by lower operational cost and higher selling price. However, no value-added fish products were produced in the non-COREMAP area. This study noted a lower catch in COREMAP area, which implies COREMAP program successfully reduced fishing pressure. Conclusions: This study identified poor infrastructure and the limited market as the major problems in developing value-added fish products in both COREMAP and non-COREMAP area.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2019

Purpose: This study specifically discusses why coffee shop customers want to revisit coffee shops. In addition, we would like to verify the mediated effect of the emotional reaction in relation to the influence of the experience values of the Chinese coffee shop on the re-visit of the coffee shop. Research design, data and methodology: Regression and reliability analyses were conducted. Simple regression was used for stock price verification, and the bootstrap method of model4 of Hayes was performed for the intermediate hypothesis verification. Results: This study confirmed that the experience values of coffee shops (entertainment, aesthetic, economic efficiency, and service excellence) have a significant influence on customers' intention to revisit coffee shops. Conclusions: Managers can check that the level of revisit by customers is increased by increasing the elements of experience value. In addition, studies have shown that the customer's emotional reactions play a significant mediating role in the relationship between the value of the experience and the customer's intention to revisit the coffee shop. This suggests that the coffee shop operator should focus on the emotional response of its customers and devise strategies to ensure that the value of the experience is connected to the intent of revisiting.

• 복식
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2000

The Purpose of this study is to determine the effect of new generation adolescents' clothing consumption values on their evaluation of clothing products. In the positive analysis, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Particularly, based on Sheth's (1991) theory, a focus group Interview was performed to develop the questionnaire on adolescents' clothing consumption values. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, young consumers have different values and clothing purchasing behavior from adults. To be specific, adolescents tended to appreciate fashionable and sensual values among clothing consumption values. Second, it was found that adolescents'personal values and their group-wise clothing consumption values affected their evaluation of clothing products. Such a finding may explain the relationship between value system and purchasing decisions. Namely, adolescents' evaluation of clothing products is affected by their value system. This finding supports the consumer value system suggested by the "expectation-value" theory. Thus, values and clothing products evaluation are neither separated from each other nor unrelated, but they affect each other in an abstract hierarchial structure. After all, through the route model, personal values affect clothing consumption values, which in turn affect clothing products evaluation. Besides, the clothing consumption values are affected by gender directly or indirectly. All in all, some specific indices regarding the abstract and hierarchial consumption values could be offered by analyzing the effects of adolescents' consumption values on their evaluation of clothing products in reference to the external clues of price and trademark manipulated, and thereby, the effects of consumption values on the positive clothing products evaluation could be determined in general.n general.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.33-49
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• 2010

We empirically examine the impact of online auction knowledge and category-specific knowledge on the final price of online auctions. Specifically, we question how the relationship between buying and selling experiences affects the final prices of online auctions. Related to the trust between buyers and sellers, we examine the multiple interactions between a buyer-seller pairand aim to identify how these repeated transactions influence the final price. To contrast these effects with other product related factors, we focus on so called 'common value' auctions of vintage stamps on eBay, in which the ex-post value of the product is the same among participating agents’ perceived value. Online auction of stamps provides a representative setting to examine the relationship between market experience and the auction participation behavior in the common value auction, as it provides the book value of stamp as well as price variation across individual buyers with different expertise levels. Our analysis of over 3000 stamps auctions on eBay indicates a significantly high frequency of buyer-seller (pair) interactions, thus suggesting a 'relationship view' of auctions. The work validates five hypotheses derived from the existing theory in economics, marketing, and information systems. Through the common-value auction data, we find that seller's online auction experience and category-specific experience favor sellers by increasing the final price. However, buyer's online auction experience does not affect the final price, but buyer's category-specific experience favors buyers by decreasing the final price. We find that the trust between two trading parties increases the final price.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제5권
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• pp.61-79
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• 2000

This research suggests the strategic adoption methodology of Customer Relationship Management. The backgrounds of CRM is the business environment changing that Market power is shifting to the customer who has unprecedented powers of choice today. The strategic adoption of Customer Relationship Management determines the value, needs and preferences of each customer or customer segment. Customer Relationship Strategy is an explicitly defined plan for how a company has decided to connect with, relate to, and focus on its chosen customers to create value. Deliberate decisions must be made, often involving trade-offs, so that investments are aligned with customer needs and value. Plan defined in terms of target customers value proposition, role in value delivery, and risk/reward sharing. All customers are not created equal; specific customers and/or customers segments are more desirable/valuable to pursue. Key premise of CRM is that value can be created by changing company's business model to better connect with customers. Area of service of Customer Relationship Management are as follows. Portfolio strategy, Market Opportunity Assessment, Brand Equity, Market Positioning, Pricing, Channel Strategy, Market Segmentation. Target Market Identification, Customer LifeTime Value Analysis, Customer Profitability, Customer Connections Economics Analysis. The objects of CRM are maximizing customer service effectiveness, improving customer loyalty, increasing customer service efficiency, optimizing intelligence about customer behaviors and preferences.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.221-244
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to prepare educational contents and criteria for selecting advertisement materials by exploring the necessity of value system education in Korean culture education. Furthermore, the study aims to suggest advertisements that contain meaningful materials through the criteria among the public and commercial advertisements as of 2017. Advertisements have advantages in three aspects as they focus on current culture, cultural implications and the ease of teaching and learning. These advantages indicate the usefulness of advertisements in value education. Also, the research of Hofstede (2010), Kang (2007), and Kim et al. (2011) provide discussion regarding educational contents. Subsequently, the criteria for selecting advertisements are further developed as the main purpose of this study. The criterion are to consider the objectives of culture education, to take into account the learning situation, to find relevance between the contents of the advertisement and the contents for the value system education, and consider expressive methods of advertisements and extensibility to the activities. Next, advertisements were selected for core educational items and the list of 22 is presented according to the value system, educational contents and the criterion of the advertisements discussed in the above.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

본 연구는 안경렌즈와 안광학계를 광학계로 이루고 있는 합성광학계에 wavelength는 3가지로 ${\omega}{\upsilon}_1=0.588{\mu}$, ${\omega}{\upsilon}_2=0.486{\mu}$ ${\omega}{\upsilon}_3=0.656{\mu}$로 하였고 Entrance Beam Radius(mm)는 1mm로 Field angle(deg)는 5.7296e-0.5, Image Aperture는 0.053055 mm, Exit Aperture는 0.903711 mm로 Reflective focal length는 25.181514 mm, Petzval radius는 -19.21839 mm, n=1.523의 조건에서 OSLO를 이용하여 spot size, focus shift, optical focus를 산출하였다. spot size는 후면곡률반경이 1 mm~30 mm까지는 0.002 mm~0.07 mm size가 다음과 같이 큰 수치로 나타났고 50 mm 이상에서는 거의 비슷한 0.0005 mm~0.002 mm가 나왔고 focus shift에서는 3가지 종류의 렌즈에서 50 mm가 focus shift가 적게 나타났고 전체적인 경향은 1 mm~15 mm 까지는 수치가 높다가 25 mm까지는 낮아지다가 다시 높아지는 양상을 보였으며 optical focus는 100 mm가 가장 좋았고 100 mm 렌즈를 후면곡률반경으로 하여 optical focus 산출하였으며 산출한 optical focus를 최적화한 결과 값이 $60{\pm}1mm$로 나타났다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2013

The food choices in childhood have high a probability of being carried through into their adulthood life, which then contributes to the risk of many non-communicable diseases. Therefore, there is a need to gather some information about children's views on foods which may influence their food choices for planning a related dietary intervention or programme. This paper aimed to explore the views of children on foods and the types of foods which are usually consumed by children under four food groups (snacks, fast foods, cereals and cereal products; and milk and dairy products) by using focus group discussions. A total of 33 school children aged 7-9 years old from Selangor and Kuala Lumpur participated in the focus groups. Focus groups were audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed according to the listed themes. The outcomes show that the children usually consumed snacks such as white bread with spread or as a sandwich, local cakes, fruits such as papaya, mango and watermelon, biscuits or cookies, tea, chocolate drink and instant noodles. Their choices of fast foods included pizza, burgers, French fries and fried chicken. For cereal products, they usually consumed rice, bread and ready-to-eat cereals. Finally, their choices of dairy products included milk, cheese and yogurt. The reasons for the food liking were taste, nutritional value and the characteristics of food. The outcome of this study may provide additional information on the food choices among Malaysian children, especially in urban areas with regard to the food groups which have shown to have a relationship with the risk of childhood obesity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.542-558
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• 2023

A digital focus index (DFI) is a value used to determine image focus in scientific apparatus and smart devices. Automatic focus (AF) is an iterative and time-consuming procedure; however, its processing time can be reduced using a general processing unit (GPU) and a multi-core processor (MCP). In this study, parallel architectures of a minimax search algorithm (MSA) are applied to two DFIs: range algorithm (RA) and image contrast (CT). The DFIs are based on a histogram; however, the parallel computation of the histogram is conventionally inefficient because of the bank conflict in shared memory. The parallel architectures of RA and CT are constructed using parallel reduction for MSA, which is performed through parallel relative rating of the image pixel pairs and halved the rating in every step. The array size is then decreased to one, and the minimax is determined at the final reduction. Kernels for the architectures are constructed using open source software to make it relatively platform independent. The kernels are tested in a hexa-core PC and an embedded device using Lenna images of various sizes based on the resolutions of industrial cameras. The performance of the kernels for the DFIs was investigated in terms of processing speed and computational acceleration; the maximum acceleration was 32.6× in the best case and the MCP exhibited a higher performance.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2006

홍채 인식은 흥채 근육의 무의 패턴을 이용하여 동일인 여부를 판별하는 연구 분야이다. 이러한 홍채 인식에서 홍채 영상의 품질은 홍채 인식의 성능에 많은 영향을 준다. 이는 흥채 영상이 흐려지면, 홍채 패턴이 변형되어지므로, FRR(False Rejection Error)이 증가되기 때문이다. 홍채 영상을 흐려지게 만드는 주된 요인 가운데 하나가 카메라 렌즈의 초점(focus)이다. 기존의 흥채 인식 카메라는 고정 초점(fixed focusing) 방식과 가변 초점(auto-focusing) 방식이 있다. 고정 초점 방식은 초점 렌즈가 고정되어 있기 때문에 사용자가 직접 자신의 눈을 DOF(Depth of Field) 영역 안에 위치시켜야하고, DOF 영역이 매우 작은 한계가 있다. 가변 초점 방식은 사용자와 카메라 사이의 거리를 측정하여 초점이 잘 맞는 위치로 초점렌즈를 움직여서 선명한 영상을 취득한다. 하지만 부가적인 하드웨어 장비가 필요하기 때문에 카메라의 부피가 늘어나고 비용도 증가되므로 개인 인증을 위해 홍채인식을 하는 핸드폰과 같은 모바일 장비에서 사용되는데 어려움이 따른다. 따라서 본 논문은 이러한 기존의 홍채인식 카메라의 문제점들을 극복하기 위해 부가적인 하드웨어 장비 없이 고정 초점 방식 카메라에서 취득한 홍채 영상을 복원함으로써 소프트웨어적으로 DOF영역을 증가시키는 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 영상 복원 알고리즘은 반복적(iterative) 방법에 의해 최상의 복원 계수(parameter)를 검출하여 영상을 복원하였으나, 본 논문은 초점값을 이용하여 영상의 흐려짐의 정도를 판단하고, 흐려짐의 정도에 따라 미리 정의한 복원 계수를 선택함으로써 빠른 시간 안에 홍채 영상을 복원하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험 결과, Panasonic에서 만든 BM-ET100 카메라의 작동범위(Operation Range)를 48-53cm에서 46-56cm로 증가시킬 수 있었다.