• The Mathematical Education
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.137-157
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• 2003

Mathematical Problem solving has had the largest focus in the spread of mathematical topics since 1980. In Korea, most of the articles on problem solving appeared 1980s and 1990s, during which there were special concerns on this issue. And there is general acceptance of the idea that the famous statement "Problem solving must be the focus of school mathematics"(NCTM, 1980, p.1) in Agenda for Action, reflected in the curriculum of Korea. In a historical review focusing on the problem solving in the National Curriculum of Mathematics, we can infer that the primary goal of mathematics instruction should be to have students become competence problem solver. However, the practices of mathematics classroom and the trends of research in mathematical problem solving have oriented to ′teaching about problem solving′ and ′teaching for problem solving′. The issue of teaching via problem solving′ remain unsolved in the community of mathematics education and we need much more attention to this issue.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.44-50
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• 2017

The topic of selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase has long failed to attract the attention of linguists due to some difficulties not only in figuring out the internal structure of NP's conjoined by a correlative conjunction but also in its heavy dependency on the representational aspects each correlative conjunction demonstrates. In this paper, I have explored the seemingly complex patterns in the selection of a grammatical subject in a correlative conjunction phrase in the frame of the Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993, 2008). I show that, with the help of three newly developed constraints such as MinDist, Focus, and PARSE which are ranked relatively to each other, an optimal grammatical subject out of two NP candidates conjoined by a correlative conjunction can be correctly selectable.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.159-176
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• 2021

Over the past two decades, smart cities have been attracting attention as a means of solving urban problems and as a model for securing urban sustainability. Many studies have been conducted in various fields such as conceptual definitions, classification, new technologies, case analysis, and civic participation of smart cities. In particular, applicable technologies and their importance have been highlighted so far. However, since a city is a complex and meta-systematic space, it is the overly optimistic prospect that technology, one of the smart city components, will lead to successful smart cities. This study elucidates the impediments to driving smart cities as a case study of South Korea, a leading country in smart technology and digital transformation. We examined three comprehensive national plans for promoting smart cities and conducted focus group interviews with experts in smart cities to analyze the obstacles to carrying smart cities. We classified the thirteen impediments into technological, industrial, governmental, and social factors as a result. Some of them are generic issues in policy establishment and enforcement, while others are specific to smart cities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.21-24
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• 2002

There is a trend with driveline lubricants toward improved thermal stability, vehicle component durability and fuel efficiency. These improvements can significantly reduce vehicle operating costs and improve customer satisfaction. Of these improvements, the fuel efficiency is getting a substantial attention due to recent focus on $CO_2$ emission control in Europe, Japan and $CAF{\'{E}}$ requirement in U.S.A. Lower viscosity axle oils and transmission fluids are currently being evaluated as potential solutions since these lubricants tend to reduce the churning losses and can improve the fuel efficiency. However, these lubricants should provide adequate gear and bearing protection, while increasing the overall efficiency of the driveline components. In this paper, the development of new fuel efficient axle was discussed with the focus on the effect of base oils, additives, and viscosity modifiers on the fuel efficiency of driveline components.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.219-233
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• 2020

Teachers' intervention in small groups is a research area that needs more research attention. Ehrenfeld and Horn (2020) identified teachers' group work monitoring routines that consist of four recurrent talk moves: 1) Initiation, 2) Entry, 3) Focus, and 4) Exit. To better understand prospective teachers' (PTs) intervention in small groups in mathematics classrooms, I investigated how PTs' intervention actions and purposes are related to the monitoring routines, particularly, in terms of Focus moves. I analyzed 26 PTs' responses to four written scenarios, each of which depicts interactions among students in a small group. I identified 1) types of PTs' math talk, 2) types of PTs' non-math talk, 3) types of intervention purposes, and 4) patterns of intervention actions and purposes by scenario. This study contributes to understanding PTs' intervention actions and purposes in mathematics instruction.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.224-236
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• 2023

This study aims to investigate the effects of telepresence on young moviegoers' flow experiences and social interactions, and the impact on consumer delight, trust, and experience sharing behavior on cinema mobile social network site pages. Given the scarcity of telepresence research, indirect telepresence on experience sharing via two experiences and social interactions is also included. The study used pages from Korean cinema mobile social network sites, and 175 Chinese moviegoers residing in Korea participated. We found that telepresence positively impacts the activity in both human-human and human-computer interactions. We further contend that telepresence positively affects perceived enjoyment and attentional focus. However, perceived enjoyment does not significantly affect consumer delight. We found that consumer delight positively influences consumer trust and movie experience sharing. Moreover, we illustrated that telepresence significantly and indirectly influences consumer movie experience-sharing behavior through attention focus and consumer delight. Our results provide crucial insights for future study and practical managerial.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-152
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• 2006

Over the last decade, the field of supply chain management (SCM) and e-business has received an enormous amount of attention from practitioners and academicians. However, little has been known about how and to what extent small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are implementing SCM initiatives and e-business practices. This paper proposes a comprehensive research model and presents the survey results of these practices of SMEs located in Wisconsin and illinois, U.S., In terms of competitive strategy and priority, value chain activity priority, supply chain and e-business integration focus, SCM best practices implementation focus and challenges, and business performance. The analysis reveals several valuable insights into how SMEs should run their businesses in today's volatile, rapidly changing customer economy.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.115-129
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• 2008

The importance of perceived quality and brand loyalty is increasing recently both domestic and foreign. So many papers perform research on service quality and brand loyalty. Today, there is the rapid growth in the Korean mobile telecommunications service market. But mobile telecommunications service companies don't pay full attention to customers' attitude and brand loyalty. This paper shows why Korean mobile telecommunications service companies have to focus on Brand Loyalty. This paper investigates the relationship among perceived quality, attitude and brand loyalty in the area of mobile telecommunications service.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2011

Women's nutrition has received little attention in nutrition programming, even though clinical trials and intervention trials have suggested that dietary improvement or supplementation with several nutrients may improve their health, especially in low-income settings, the main focus of this paper. Most attention so far has focused on how improvements in maternal nutrition can improve health outcomes for infants and young children. Adequate vitamin D and calcium nutrition throughout life may reduce the risk of osteoporosis, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce preeclampsia and low birth weight. To reduce neural tube defects, additional folic acid and possibly vitamin $B_{12}$ need to be provided to non-deficient women before they know they are pregnant. This is best achieved by fortifying a staple food. It is unclear whether maternal vitamin A supplementation will lead to improved health outcomes for mother or child. Iron, iodine and zinc supplementation are widely needed for deficient women. Multimicronutrient supplementation (MMS) in place of the more common iron-folate supplements given in pregnancy in low-income countries may slightly increase birth weight, but its impact on neonatal mortality and other outcomes is unclear. More sustainable alternative approaches deserve greater research attention.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2010

This study uses qualitative data to examine the dynamics and barriers of the delayed family formation phenomenon among the never-married professionals in Korea. The data was drawn from focus groups of 14 never-married professionals aged 28 through 40. The investigation depicts several dimensions of the circumstances of never-married professionals that have not garnered much attention in the literature. This research provides initial evidence of critical influences within the socio-cultural contexts of the participants' dating behaviors as well as the willingness to many. Two different realities, based on gender, were discovered: both male and female voluntarily delayed marriage to pursue their career, education and success. As both reached their career goals, however, male participants experienced a rise in their value as a marriage prospect whereas females experienced decreased value as a marriage prospect. Hence, neo-traditional familism was the dominant value among the participants, but it also functioned as a major barrier to family formation because in the present value system, female professionals, must still struggle with the dual burdens of work and family management.