• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fluidized bed bioreactor

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Removal of Methane Using a Three Phase Fluidized Bed Bioreactor (3상 유동층생물반응기를 이용한 메탄처리에 관한 연구)

  • 김동욱;서혁상
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 1998
  • To remove the low concentration of methane biologically, a three phase fluidized bed bioreactor immobilized with Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b was used. Optimum pH, temperature and bed height for the operation were pH7.0, 30$^\circ C$ and 150cm, respectively. For the inlet methane concentration of 100-400ppm and flow rate of 2-4L/min, the removal efficiencies of the bioreactor using the activated carbon as a carrier were the range of 54-71%, whereas those using the biosand were the range of 45-56%. It was found that activated carbon was more efficient than the biosand for the removal of methane. When aeration tank was equipped with the bioreactor, the removal efficiency increased to 6-13% and maximum removal rate obtained in the experiment was 1184mg.CH$_4$/min.

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Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide, Ammonia, and Benzene by Fluidized Bed Reactor and Biofilter

  • Kim, Chong-Woo;Park, Jin-Su;Cho, Sung-Ki;Oh, Kwang-Joong;Kim, Young-Sik;Kim, Dong-Uk
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.301-304
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    • 2003
  • In this study, hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), ammonia ($NH_3$), and benzene, which represent the major odor from a natural leather process plant, were removed using a fluidized bed bioreactor and biofilter including Thiobacillus sp. IW and a MY microbial consortium. The critical removal rate was $12g m^{-3}h^{-1}\;for\;H_2S,\;11g m^{-3}h^{-1}\;for\;NH_3\;and\;28 g m^{-3}h^{-1}$ for benzene by the fluidized bed bioreactor, and $8.5g m^{-3}h^{-1}\;for\;H_2S\;7g m^{-3}h^{-1}\;for\;NH_3,\;and\;25 g m^{-3}h^{-1}$ for benzene in the biofilter. The average removal efficiency of $H_2S$, $NH_3$, and benzene by continuous operation for over 30 days with the fluidized bed bioreactor was $95{\pm}3\%,\;99{\pm}1\%,\;and\;98{\pm}5\%$, respectively, whereas that with the biofilter was $96{\pm}4\%,\;95{\pm}4\%,\;and\;97{\pm}3\%$, respectively. Therefore, the critical removal rate of $H_2S$, $NH_3$, and benzene was higher in the fluidized bed bioreactor, whereas the removal efficiency on the continuous operation was similar in both bioreactors.

Hairy Root Culture of Daucus carota for Anthocyanin Production in a Fluidized-bed Bioreactor (유동층 생물반응기에서 anthocyanin 생산을 위한 당근의 모상근 배양)

  • Kim, C.H.;Lee, S.W.;Chung, I.S.
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.237-242
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    • 1994
  • Hairy root culture of Daucus carota was investigated for anthocyanin production in a fluidized-bed bioreactor. The growth of hairy roots in this bioreactor increased 2.5 fold while anthocyanin production was lower. However, the anthocyanin production of hairy roots in a fluidized-bed bioreactor was enhanced 2.3 fold in response to the treatment of the fungal elicitor.

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Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide and Methylmercaptan Using Thiobacillus in a Three Phase Fluidized Bed Bioreactor

  • KIM, KYUNG-RAN;KWANG-JOONG OH;KYUNG-YONG PARK;DONGUK KIM
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.265-270
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    • 1999
  • A three phase fluidized bed bioreactor immobilized with Thiobacillus sp. IW was tested to remove hydrogen sulfide and methylmercaptan with high loading rate. In a single gas treatment, the bioreactor removed 92- 98% of hydrogen sulfide with loading rate of 15- 66 g/l/h and removed 87-98% of methylmercaptan with loading rate of 14-60 gl/sup -1/h/sup -1/. In the mixed gas treatment, the removal efficiencies of hydrogen sulfide and methylmercaptan maintained at 89-99% for various inlet loading rates and were not affected by the inlet loading ratio of both gases in low loading rates. When the inlet concentration of methylmercaptan increased 3.8 times and was maintained for 30 h to observe the response of the bioreactor to sudden environmental change, the removal efficiency of methylmercaptan was maintained at an average of 91%.

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Continuous Xanthan Fermentations in a Three-Phase Fluidized Bed Bioreactor (삼상유동층 생물반응기에서의 연속식 Xanthan 발효)

  • 서일순;노희찬;허충회
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.26-32
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    • 2002
  • The aerobic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris was cultivated continuously in a three-phase fluidized bed bioreactor to produce extracellular polysaccharide xanthan, Fluidized particles of 8.0 mm glass beads were used for disintegrating the large air bubbles even at high viscosities to improve the gas-liquid oxygen transfer rate. Xanthin productivity [kg xanthan/kg cell dry mass·h] and molecular weight increased, with dilution rate in the continuous xanthan fermentations. The specific xanthan productivities were not limited by the oxygen transfer rate and were much higher in the continuous cultivations than those predicted by the results of the batch xanthan fermentations.

Hydrogen Sulfide Removal by Immobilized Thiobacillus novellas on $SiO_2$ in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

  • Cha, Jin-Myung;Shin, Hyun-Jae;Roh, Sung-Hee;Kim, Sun-Il
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.320-324
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    • 2007
  • The removal of hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) from aqueous media was investigated using Thiobacillus novellas cells immobilized on a $SiO_2$ carrier (biosand). The optimal growth conditions for the bacterial strain were $30^{\circ}C$ and initial pH of 7.0. The main product of hydrogen sulfide oxidation by T. novellus was identified as the sulfate ion. A removal efficiency of 98% was maintained in the three-phase fluidized-bed reactor, whereas the efficiency was reduced to 90% for the two-phase fluidized-bed reactor and 68% for the two-phase reactor without cells. The maximum gas removal capacity for the system was 254 g $H_2S/m^3/h$ when the inlet $H_2S$ loading was $300g/m^3/h(1,500ppm)$. Stable operation of the immobilized reactor was possible for 20 days with the inlet $H_2S$ concentration held to 1,100 ppm. The fluidized bed bioreactor appeared to be an effective means for controlling hydrogen sulfide emissions.

Removal of Benzene by the Fluidized Bed Bioreactor including Microbial Consortium (혼합균주를 함유한 유동층 생물반응기를 이용한 벤젠의 제거)

  • 주준걸;김연재;조성기;오광중;김종우;김동욱
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.206-209
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    • 2004
  • MY microbial consortium were obtained from sludges of wastewater to degrade benzene effectively and Rhodococcus ruber DSM 43338T was identified as major microorganism. The fluidized bed biofilter including MY microbial consortium showed critical removal rate of benzene at 32 g/㎥ h, and maintained stable removal efficiency for 17 days of continuous operation.

Forward Osmosis Membrane to Treat Effluent from Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Bioreactor for Wastewater Reuse Applications (하수재이용을 위한 혐기성 유동상 생물반응기 처리수의 정삼투 여과막의 적용)

  • Kwon, Dae-eun;Kim, Jeonghwan
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.196-204
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    • 2018
  • The anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) treating synthetic wastewater to simulate domestic sewage was operated under GAC fluidization to provide high surface area for biofilm formation. Although the AFBR achieves excellent COD removal efficiency due to biological activities, concerns are still made with nutrient such as nitrogen remaining in the effluent produced by AFBR. In this study, forward osmosis membrane was applied to treat the effluent produced by AFBR to investigate removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) with respect to the draw solution (DS) such as NaCl and glucose. Permeability of FO membrane increased with increasing DS concentration. About 55% of TN removal efficiency was observed with the FO membrane using 1 M of NaCl of draw solution, but almost complete TN removal efficiency was achieved with 1 M of glucose of draw solution. During 24 h of filtration, there was no permeate flux decline with the FO membrane regardless of draw solution applied.

Effect of Methionine on Cephalosporin C Production in a Fluidized- bed Bioreactor (유동층 생물반응기에서 세파로스포린 C 생산에 대한 메치오닌의 영향)

  • Kim, Eui-Yong;Yoo, Young-Je;Park, Young-Hoon
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.611-618
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    • 1989
  • Effects of methionine on cephalosporin C(CPC) production in a fluidized-bed bioreactor were investigated using bioparticles of Cephalosporium acremonium. Since methionine was found to be an important metabolic regulator on the synthesis of cephalosporin C, the effects of its concentration in the cuture broth and feeding mode to the bioreactor were studied. It was observed that the presence of initial methionine was essential for higher cephalosporin C production and there existed an optimal content of methionine. Carbon consumption rate also increased significantly under the presence of methionine. Production of cephalosporin C was most active when methionine was exhausted in the broth; however its additional feeding did not enhance the antibiotic production in the fluidized-bed bioreactor as much as expected. It was therfore considered important to feed an optimal content of methionine at the early operating stage for a higher cephalosporin C production in a fluidized-bed bioreactor. An interesting thing to note was that titre of the antibiotic with reused bioparticles was about 2 times higher in the methionine containing medium than that without methionine. Therefore repeated use of bioparticles, with an optimal content of methionine, was believed to be very useful to enhance to process productivity.

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A Study on the Kinetics and the Biogas Formation for Organic Wastewater Treatment in Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Bioreactor and New Model AFPBBR (혐기성 유동층 생물 반응기와 새로운 모델의 AFPBBR에서 유기성폐수 처리시 Biogas 생성과 반응상수에 관한 연구)

  • 김재우;장인용
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 1993
  • The anaerobic digestion of organic synthetic wastewater in anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBBR) and anaerobic fluidized packed bed bioreactor (AFPBBR) was studied. This study was conducted to evaluate efficiency and reliability of two reactor. Experiment was performed to find the effect of upflow rate with AFBBR and the height of packed bed with AFPBBR. As a result, this program obtained several conclusion. These are given as follows: As applied the upflow rate increased in AFBBR the produced volume of biogas increased, while the gas production and COD removal decreased at above 0.3 m$^3$/h. When a upflow rate is 0.4 m$^3$/h in AFBBR the volatile suspended solid (VSS) became significantly increased. At an organic loading rate from 0.1 to 0.4 of upflow rate in AFBBR, the methane yield was 1.5584 m$^3$CH$_4$/kgCOD removed, and the observed cell yield coefficient was 0.0933 gVSS/gCOD. In case of AFPBBR, the results showed also that 20 cm of height of packed bed was superior to other in the aspect ot biogas production, the content of methane and COD removal. At 20 cm of height, the profile of microorganisms was stable, while at 30 cm the VSS of effluent became higher than AFBBR. Though COD removal of AFPBBR increased with packed bed, COD removal deteriorate with over packing because the loss of pressure became higher in the reactor. At an organic loading rate from 20 to 40 cm of packed bed in-AFPBBR, the methane yield was 2.5649 m$^3$CH$_4$/kgCOD removed, and the observed cell yield coefficient was 0.0506 gVSS/gCOD. Based upon the results obtained, it is suggested that AFBBR and AFPBBR is the most effective conditions at 0.3 m3/h of upflow rate, the 20cm of packed bed, respectively. The rate constant are summarized as follow:

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