• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

Flexible media such as the paper, the film, etc. are thin, light and very flexible. They behave in geometrically nonlinear. Any of small force makes large deformation. So we must including aerodynamic effect when its behavior is predicted. Thus, it becomes fully coupled fluid-structure interaction(FSI) problem. In FSI problems, where the fluid mesh near the structure undergoes large deformations and becomes unacceptably distorted, which drive the time step to a very small value for explicit calculations, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE) methods or rezoning are used to create a new undistorted mesh for the fluid domain, which allows the calculations to continue. In this paper, FE sheet model considering geometric nonlinearity is formulated to simulate the behavior of the flexible media. Aerodynamic force to the media by surrounding air is calculated by solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Q2Q1(Taylor-Hood) element which means biquadratic for velocity and bilinear for pressure is used for fluid domain. Q2Q1 element satisfies LBB condition and any stabilization technique is not needed. In this paper, cantilevered sheet in the viscous incompressible Navier-Stokes flow is simulated to check the mesh motion and numerical integration scheme, and then falling paper in the air is simulated and the effects of some representative parameters are investigated.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1606-1618
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• 2017

The explosion effect of computer graphics Visual Effects(VFX) used in films and animations is an important element that determines the completeness of the film, and its usage is getting extended. The realistic explosion effect of VFX should be made according to observations and analysis of various factors of actual explosion in real world. This experimental research would suggest the efficient production guideline for the technical characteristics of underwater explosion of VFX. For this research process, first, the comparison of actual explosion and VFX explosion effect, classification of actual explosion, and characteristics of underwater explosion effect will be addressed. Second, based on the literature reviews, the four steps of experimental production analysis tool will be derived. Third, the experimental research will be processed in along with technical factors four steps of the underwater explosion effect, (1)realistic creation and emission of fluid, (2)fluid expansion control by water pressure, (3)bubble effect, and (4)motion of bubble & dissipation of fluid. The effective method of fluid simulation production will be verified through experimental studies based on the characteristics of the actual explosion process. This experimental study suggested the VFX production technique is expected to be used as the basic data for related research field.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

Slider bearing is a widely used load-carrying element in the industry. While a large number of studies have investigated the effect of overall surface curvature, very few have considered sinusoidal surface. Recently, consideration of surface roughness/waviness or intentional wave design has been identified as an important issue in the manufacture of hard disk driver, mechanical seal, hydraulic machine, and etc. This study investigated the load-carrying capacity of a finite-width slider bearing with a wavy surface. Film thickness ratios, length-width ratio, ambient pressure, amplitude, and partial distribution were selected as the simulation parameters. The calculation results showed that the load-carrying capacity rapidly varied at small film thickness ratio, but the waviness near the area of minimum film thickness made much more influence with an increase in film thickness ratio. As the length-width ratio of bearing was increased, ambient pressure became more influential at small film thickness ratios. Furthermore a particular partial distribution of the wavy area led to higher load-carrying capacity than did the whole distribution. Consequently, the results of this study are expected to be of use in surface micro-machining of finite-width slider bearings.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1058-1064
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• 2003

Noise estimating procedures of oil lubricated journal bearings are presented. Nonlinear analysis of rotor-bearing system including unbalance mass of the rotor is performed in order to obtain acoustical properties of the bearing. Acoustical properties of the bearing are investigated through frequency analysis of the pressure fluctuation of the fluid film calculated from the nonlinear analysis. Noise estimating procedures presented in this paper could aid in the evaluation and understanding of acoustical properties of oil lubricated journal bearings.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1994

The regimes of elastohydrodynamic lubrication at the points where line contacts occur between the vane tip and camring in an oil hydraulic vane pump is studied. A study of the contact conditions in vane pump provided most of the early interest in the possibility of fluid film lubrication in highly loaded contacts. The variation of viscosity with pressure and the elastic deformation associated with the high pressures generated in the contact region are the major causes of the complexity attributed to lubrication behavior. Therefore a numerical solutions to the problem of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of line contact are obtained by using a finite-difference formulation.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.254-263
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• 2015

In this study, numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the dynamic SGS model effects in a Kerosene-LOx coaxial swirl injector under high pressure conditions. The turbulent model is based on large-eddy simulation (LES) with real-fluid transport and thermodynamics. To assess the effect of the dynamic subgrid-scale (SGS) model, the dynamic SGS model is compared with that of the algebraic SGS model. In a swirl injector under supercritical pressure, the characteristics of temporal pressure fluctuation and power spectral density (PSD) present comparable discrepancies dependant on the SGS models, which affect the mixing characteristics. Mixing efficiency and the probability density (PDF) function are conducted for a statistical description of the turbulent flow fields according to the SGS models. The back-scattering of turbulent kinetic energy is estimated in terms of the film thickness of the swirl injector.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.116-123
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to model and simulate the nonlinear lubrication performance of the sliding part between the piston and cylinder wall in a hydrostatic swash-plate-type axial piston pump. A numerical algorithm is developed that facilitates simultaneous calculation of the rotating body motion and fluid film pressure to observe the fluid film geometry and power loss. It is assumed that solid asperity contact, so-called mixed lubrication in this study, invariably occurs in the swash-plate-type axial piston pump, which produces a higher lateral moment on the pistons than other types of hydrostatic machines. Two comparative mixed lubrication models, rigid and elastic, are used to determine the reaction force and sliding friction. The rigid model does not allow any elastic deformation in the partial lubrication area. The patch shapes, reactive forces, and virtual local elastic deformation in the partial lubrication area are obtained in the elastic contact model using a simple Hertz contact theory. The calculation results show that a higher reaction force and friction loss are obtained in the rigid model, indicating that solid deformation is a significant factor on the lubrication characteristics of the reciprocating piston part.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.458-466
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• 2011

초임계 탄산가스/유기용매 혼합계 상에서 이색성 염료인 C. I. direct black 22(DB22)로 고검화도의 폴리(비닐 알코올)(PVA)을 염색하여 내구성이 강한 편광필름을 제조하였다. 특히, 초임계 탄산가스 상으로 이색성 염료를 녹이기 위한 분산제로 에틸렌 글리콜과 디메틸 설폭사이드의 무게비=4 : 6의 혼합용매계를 사용하였을 때 염색 압력을 200 bar까지 낮출 수 있었다. 초임계 유체계의 사용으로, 최대 염색은 연신 전 투과도로 1% 미만까지, 폐수 발생량은 1/10 수준까지, 감소가 가능하였고, 이와 같이 염색된 PVA 필름을 500% 연신한 후 측정된 편광효율은 94%, 평균 투과도(single piece transmittance)는 30%로 각각 얻어졌으며, 또한 이색성 염료로서의 DB22의 한계 및 개선 방안 등도 검토하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.852-858
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• 2007

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of a tilted HDD spindle system with fluid dynamic bearings (FDBs). Tilting motion of a HDD spindle system may be caused by improper manufacturing tolerance, such as imperfect cylindricity between shaft and sleeve of FDBs, imperfect perpendicularity between shaft and thrust as well as the gyroscopic moment of the unbalanced mass of the rotating part. Tilting motion may result in the instability of the HDD spindle system and it may increase the disk run-out to limit memory capacity. This research proposes a modified Reynolds equation for the coupled journal and thrust FDBs to include the variable film thickness due to the cylindricity and the perpendicularity. Finite element method is used to solve the Reynolds equation for the pressure distribution. Reaction forces and friction torque are obtained by integrating the pressure and shear stress, respectively. The dynamic behavior is determined by solving the equations of a motion of a HDD spindle system in six degrees of freedom with the Runge-Kutta method to study whirling and tilting motions. This research shows that the cylindricity and the perpendicularity increase the tilting angle and whirl radius of the rotor.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2000

For the improvement of the pump characteristics in the partial capacity range, it must be verified that the influence of the impeller design factor on the internal flows and the influence of the impeller internal flows on the pump characteristics. In this paper, in order to understand the influence of outlet angles on flow conditions and characteristics of a mixed flow pump, experiments were carried out for four kinds of impeller, which have the same inlet angle distributions and meridional section shapes. Results shown that separation and stall in the partial capacity range were enlarged by the outlet angles. The relationship between the separation and the stall at the impeller and the discharge flow conditions were clarified.