• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 1985

I have done several papers of flowering periods in selected floras of the world since 1969. In this paper, the patterns of flowering periods of floras, Tierra del Fuego, Isl. Barro Colorado and Karuizawa are compared. The total sums of monthly percentages of flowering taxa are 335.6 in Tierra del Fuego, 723.9 in Barro Colorado Isl. and 192.8 in Karuizawa, Japan. The patterns of Barro Colorado Isl. showed as a tropical area's patterns of flowering periods, therefore abundant flowers in there all the year round, but it is very different to tropical Java's flowering periods of the flora. The patterns of Tierra del Fuego is closely related to the patterns of flowering periods of the Falkland Isl. flora. The patterns of flowering periods of Karuiza flora is represented as patterns of northern temperate region's.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 1983

Patterns of flowering periods of Ben Lawers, Eastern suburbs of Melbourne, and Tasmanian floras are compared. The total sum of each flowering period of the following floras are gradually increased from Ben Lawers to Tasmania and Eastern subarbs of Melbourne. These patterns seem to be related with the factors of temperature. A peak of the flowering periods of Ben Lawers flora occur' in July, while Eastern suburbs of Melbourne in October, and Tasmania in November to Decomber. The patterns of these flowering periods are characteristic of and divided into two categories, northern arctic and southern temperaturate hemispheric types.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.52-57
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• 1981

1969년이래 세계명국의 식물상화기형에 대한 연구를 하여왔다. 금번의 화기형은 화란, 독일, 불란서, 지중해연안, 희랍과 파레스타인의 식물상화기형을 밝힌것이다. 월별 화기율의 총화는 화란에서 독일, 불란서, 희랍, 지중해연안과 파레스타인의 식물상순으로 점차 증가현상을 보였다. 그리고 화기형이 2형으로 나누어지는 것을 볼 수가 있었다. 즉 화란, 독일 및 불란서와 같이 화기율의 월별 피-크가 7월에 나타나는 북온대형이 있고 지중해연안, 희랍 및 파레스타인과 같이 화기율의 피-크가 4월 또는 5월에 나타나는 지중해형이 있다. 북온대형은 주로 기온곡선과 관련이 큰점을 보게되고 지중해형은 특히 우량곡선과 큰 관련이 있는 것을 볼 수가 있었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.340-343
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• 2006

개화후 강우 시기가 홍화의 생육과 종실의 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 개화후 강우 시기에 따른 지상부 및 꽃 봉오리 병해 발생 정도는 각각 3.3, 1로서 영향을 미치지 않았다. 등숙 비율은 주경은 개화후 $1{\sim}5$일 강우시 37.4%, 1차 분지는 개화후 $6{\sim}10$일 강우시 63.0%로서 가장 낮았다. 10a당 수량은 무강우의 327kg/10a에 비해 개화후 $6{\sim}10$일과 개화후 $11{\sim}15$일 강우시 $282{\sim}281kg/10a$으로서 각각 14% 감소되었다. 종실의 색도(명도=L)는 개화후 $21{\sim}25$일 강우시 73.5, $26{\sim}30$일 강우시 69.9로서 무강우 79.3에 비해 크게 낮아졌다. 이상의 결과에서 볼때 수확기 강우에 의한 종실의 품질 손실 방지를 위해서는 개화후 25일까지는 수확을 해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.134-145
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• 2023

Background: The flowering and fruiting periods play an important role in biological processes. The deciduous dipterocarp forest is an important forest type in Thailand, however the phenological studies are still limited, particularly in different plant life forms. Thus, the present study focused on the flowering and fruiting phenology of herbs, climbers, shrubs, and trees in the deciduous dipterocarp forest at Lampang province of Northern Thailand. Field visits were made to record plant life forms and observe reproductive phenological events at monthly intervals from November 2018 to October 2019 and September to December 2020. Results: The phenological observations were based on 126 species of 45 families and 102 genera. Flowering and fruiting periods showed similar patterns in herbaceous plants, climbers, and shrubs. Most of these species produced flowers and fruits from the end of the rainy season (October) to the winter season (November-January). Whereas most of flowering and fruiting trees were found from the summer season (March-April) to the beginning of the rainy season (May-June). Most of the dry-fruited species occurred during the dry period (winter and summer seasons), while the majority of fleshy-fruited species dominated in the wet period (rainy season). The statistical analysis supported the phenological patterns of flowering and fruiting in the present study. There were significant negative correlations between the number of flowering and fruiting species and temperature. The number of flowering and fruiting species is significantly impacted by the interaction between seasons and plant life forms. Conclusions: Plant life form seems to be the important factor that affects the different phenological patterns in the studied plants. The abiotic and biotic factors play major roles in reproductive phenology. However, long-term study and in-depth phenological observations are necessary for better understanding.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to examine the trend on the change of the cherry blossom flowering time due to the temperature change by selecting regions that have long periods of cherry blossom flowering time data as cases. With the flowering time data, the distribution of cherry blossom flowering time, time series change and change rate of cherry blossom flowering time were analyzed. Also, the correlation between the cherry blossom flowering time and the temperature was analyzed. The flowering of cherry blossom is earlier in metropolitan areas, and in the east coastal region than the west coastal region. The trend on the change of the cherry blossom flowering time is very similar to change the temperature. The change rate of the cherry blossom flowering time is rising up in the whole regions under study, and is relatively high in metropolitan areas. Especially, the cherry blossom flowering time festinated greatly in Pohang that is one of the heavily industrialized cities. From the analysis of correlation analysis between cherry blossom flowering time and temperature elements, the cherry blossom flowering time is highly related with mean temperature of March, which the month is just before the beginning of flowering.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.543-554
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• 2021

To preventively control fire blight in apple trees and determine policies regarding field monitoring, the Maryblyt ver. 7.1 model (MARYBLYT) was evaluated in the cities of Chungju, Jecheon, and Eumseong in Korea from 2015 to 2020. The number of blossom infection alerts was the highest in 2020 and the lowest in 2017 and 2018. And the common feature of MARYBLYT blossom infection risks during the flowering period was that the time of BIR-High or BIR-Infection alerts was the same regardless of location. The flowering periods of the trees required to operate the model varied according to the year and geographic location. The model predicts the risk of "Infection" during the flowering periods, and recommends the appropriate times to control blossom infection. In 2020, when flower blight was severe, the difference between the expected date of blossom blight symptoms presented by MARYBLYT and the date of actual symptom detection was only 1-3 days, implying that MARYBLYT is highly accurate. As the model was originally developed based on data obtained from the eastern region of the United States, which has a climate similar to that of Korea, this model can be used in Korea. To improve field utilization, however, the entire flowering period of multiple apple varieties needs to be considered when the model is applied. MARYBLYT is believed to be a useful tool for determining when to control and monitor apple cultivation areas that suffer from serious fire blight problems.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 1976

Inhibition of flowering in Lemna perpusilla 6746 by 30 mM sucrose was reversed by the addition of acetylcholine (>$10^{-4}M) supplemented with 10^{-4}M$ ascorbic acid to 1/10-strength Hunter's growth medium. The reversible effect of acetylcholine was found to be greater at early stages of flowering than in the later period. Promotive effects of both acetylcholine ($10^{-3}M) and eserine(10^{-5}M$) on flowering in the short-day plant under various photoperiodic conditions were studied. It was indicated that the application decreased length of the critical dark period for the floral induction, and it was also shown that the endogenous status of acetylcholine was involved in the floral response which had a correlation with phytochrome. Interruption of inductive dark periods by red irradiation (1min) immediately followed by far-red light (1 min) completely inhibited flowering, while the addition of acetylcholine and eserine to the medium under the same condition slightly promoted flowering, indicating possible involvement of phytochrome system in acetylcholine activity for photoperiodic sensitivity of floral response in Lemna perpusilla 6746.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to investigate the appropriate chilling requirements for breaking dormancy by treating the dormant plant of Hanabusaya asiatica with low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) for different time periods. The rates of sprouting and flowering were higher with longer treatment periods at low temperature. In addition, the growth and flowering of the plant were better when it was potted after treatment at a low temperature for 90 days. The abscisic acid levels and polyphenoloxidase activity of the dormant plant increased during the low temperature treatment, reached a climax 90 days and decreased thereafter. The catalase activity was the lowest after the low temperature treatment for 90 days and increased subsequently. The peroxidase activity increased and showed a sharp rise after the low temperature treatment for more than 90 days. Considering the physiological activities of the enzymes, the changes in the abscisic acid levels, and the characteristics of growth and flowering after sprouting of the plant, the appropriate cold periods required for breaking dormancy could be 90 days.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1977

The inhibiotory effect of ethphon on the flowering in Lemna perpusilla 6746 was shown to be related to sucrose concentrations and dilution factors of Hutner's medium. When grown in 1/10-strength Hutner's medium under 10(14) cycles, the plants have been completely inhibited in the floral induction by ethephon (>5ppm) in the presence of sucrose (>20 mM) in the meduim. However, in a less diluted Hutner's medium (1/2-strength), the inhibition of flowering by ethephon was observed to be partially diminished by sucrose at a high concentration (30mM), while a low concentration of sucrose enhanced the inhibitory effect of ethephon in flowering. As inductive dark periodswere extended, the effects of both compounds were partially nullified. Since no significant amount of ethylene possibly released in ethephon decomposition in the medium was detected, the inhibitory effect of ethephon in flowering was postulated to be exerted only through ethylene production within the plants. Plants were incubated in 10 ppm ethephon-containing medium during either dark or light periods, singly or periodically. The most effective single treatment with ethephon was observed during the 4th dark period, when formation of floral stimulus was assumed to be completed beyond a critical level. This postulation can be partially supported by a fact that the plants should be exposed to at least more than four consecutive 10(14) cycles for flowering.