• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.486-491
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• 2015

In this study, we evaluated the differences in fruit development and quality indices of fruits subjected to blossom thinning before full bloom in 'Hanareum' and 'Niitaka' pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). We carried out a thinning treatments at 5 days before full bloom, targeting the blossoms at the 1st and 2nd position (T1) or the blossoms at the 6th and 7th position (T2) from the basal part of the flower cluster in both cultivars. Blossom thinning treatments increased the average fruit weight of early-season Asian pear 'Hanareum' up to 10.5% (T1) and 11.0% (T2) at harvest time (110 days after full bloom). The mid-season 'Niitaka' pear showed increased fruit weight of up to 12.6% (T1) and 16.8% (T2) at harvest time (170 days after full bloom). Moreover, these treatments increased the production rate of bigger sized fruits in both cultivars. Removal of blooms also affected fruit quality indices; the bloom-thinned fruits showed higher soluble solids contents (about $1^{\circ}Brix$) and higher skin color redness ($a^*$) especially in 'Niitaka' pears when compared to the non-thinned controls. Overall, the treatments increased the fruit size and weight as well as fruit quality including soluble solids and skin color. Bloom thinning treatment targeting the 6th to 7th blossom from the basal part of the flower cluster may be recommended as the practical thinning method in Asian pear 'Hanareum' and 'Niitaka'.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 2009

The research was carried out a solution to prevent the breakage of stem resulted from stem cavity in the Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat. 'Baekma'. Stem cavity occurred in the lower parts of stem for about 5 cm long as the stem grew to 20 cm, and the breakage increased to about 60 cm as the stem grew to 80 cm. Plant height, stem diameter, and flower stalk length were the highest in the planting density of $11cm{\times}11cm$. The light interception by plants increased as the planting density decreased (47, 99 and 143%). The strength and hardness values were the greatest, $567kg{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ and $1,339kg{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ in the planting density of $11cm{\times}11cm$. Plant height and plant weight increased in the foliage fertilization of one time, but the plants in the control flowered earlier. The strength and hardness increased in the foliage fertilization treatments and the greatest in the treatment of one time application of $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Silicate fertilization. The Si content of stems increased as the fertilization concentration and treatment time increased. The Si content in $30mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ silicate treated twice was two times as high as that of the control.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.192-196
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• 2011

This study was conducted to develop the suitable plant mat for garden mum. The results about growth 2 months after cutting of garden mum (Dendranthema grandiflorum 'White Miri') under 6 different plant-mat treatments using coir tape were as follows. The majorities of cuttings were withered under treatments of non-soiled 15 mm thick mat (C treatment). On the other hand, the same thick mat having a hole filled with soil 3 mm in diameter (D treatment) and the 30 mm thick mat having a hole filled with soil (F treatment) showed the best growth results. The survival rates of treatments D and F showed the higher rates of 100 and 90%, respectively than those of respective 56.3 and 20% of two layers without medium (A treatments) and C treatment having respective 10 and 15 mm thick non-soiled mats. The plant height showing the similar tendency with the result of the survival rate was shown with the lower value of 7.97 and 7.15 cm, respectively under treatments A and C, compared with the higher value of 9.74 and 9.80 cm respectively under treatments D and F. For flower gardening, it is better to adopt treatment D based on the our investigational results that treatment D required less soil than treatment F and had no trouble with forming adventitious roots for manufacturing mats and effective transferring.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.490-495
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the growth and fruit characteristics of recently introduced or bred varieties in Korea and to review domestic adaptability. As for the sprouting rate among cultivars, 'Stella' was the highest at 91.6%, followed by 'My Heart' (78.3%), 'IFG-6' (77.3%), and 'Hongju Seedless' (73.2%). As for the flower incidence rate by cultivar, 'Stella' was the highest at 113.5%, and 'IFG-6' had a lower flower incidence at 45.3% compared to other cultivars. The diameter of shoots was less than 11.0 mm in the other three cultivars except for 'Hongju Seedless', and 'Hongju Seedless' was the thickest at 12.5 mm and 'Stella' was the thinnest at 9.6 mm. The berry weight of 'My Heart' was 11.3 g, heavier than other cultivars, followed by 'Stella', 'IFG-6' and 'Hongju Seedless'. Soluble sugar content at harvest time by cultivar was about 19.0°Bx or higher, with 'IFG-6' having the highest level of 20.2°Bx, followed by 'My Heart', 'Stella', and 'Hongju Seedless'. Acidity was the lowest in 'My Heart' at 0.39%, followed by 'IFG-6', 'Stella' and 'Hongju Seedless'. As for the coloring, in the case of 'My Heart', the skin color did not change to red even after the harvest season, therefore the grapes were irregularly colored, so it was judged that the development of cultivation technology to enhance the coloring was necessary.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.568-573
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• 2001

The effects of foliar spray and soil drench application of triazole chemicals (diniconazole, myclobutanil, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, bitertanol, hexaconazole) on growth and flowering control in zinnia were investigated. For foliar spray application of tebuconazole, diniconazole and bitertanol on 'Dream Land Rose', plant height was decreased but tebuconazole gave the best result for dwarfing. Diameter, fresh and dry weights of flower were markably decreased at high concentration of tebuconazole. However, days to flowering was not affected by chemicals tested. For 'Dream Land Scarlet', plant height was decreased with all chemical treatments. Tebuconazole severely decreased plant height, in particulas. Diniconazole hastened flowering. For soil drench of 'Dream Land Rose', plant height was decreased by diniconazole and mycrobutanil, but diniconazole was more effective for plant height decrease. Flowering was hastened by diniconazole in both 'Dream Land Rose' and 'Dream Land Scarlet'. Plant height of 'Dream Land Scarlet' was decreased by all chemicals tested. Flowering was not occurred at $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ myclobutanil with severe suppression of stem growth.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 2011

We evaluated the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) status of litterfall in a natural red pine (Pinus densiflora) stand damaged by pine wilt disease in Jinju City, which was one of the areas severely affected by the disease in Korea. A significant correlation (P < 0.05) was found between tree density and basal area and the C and N status of litterfall components, but C and N status was not correlated with mean diameter at breast height in the pine wilt disease stands. Needle-litter C and N concentrations were linearly related (P < 0.05) to basal area in pine wilt disease stands. Needle-litter C concentration decreased with a decrease in damage intensity due to pine wilt disease, whereas litter N concentration increased with an increase of basal area in pine wilt disease stands. The linear regression equations developed for litterfall C and N inputs were significant (P < 0.05), with basal area accounting for 50-86% of the variation, except for cone and flower litter. The results indicated that the incidence of pine wilt disease could impact the quality and quantity of C and N in litterfall of pine stands suffering from pine wilt disease.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate growth and flowering of hydroponically-grown carnation as affected by substrate and planting date, Three substrates, coir, perlite, and coir＋perlite(1：1. v/v), and two planting dates. May 1 and September 1 were used. Plant height and stem diameter at harvesting time of cut flowers were greater for the September 1 planting than for the May 1 planting. The plants planted on May 1 produced flowers with weak stems and short stem lengths. In addition, flower weight and blossom width were gloater for the September 1 planting than for the Mar 1 planting. The planting date had no significant effect on the number of petals, The carnation planted on May 1 flowered 50 days earlier compared to those Planted on September 1. Plant height and number of petals were the greatest in the plot of coir substrate. The results indicated that for commercial production of cut carnations in a hydroponic system, planting on September 1 is better than May 1. In addition. the results confirm that coir is the superior substrate for the production of cut carnations in a hydroponic system compared to either Perlite or coir＋perlite mixture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the check shelling distribution of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino in Kanghwa Island, MT. Suri, Kyunggido and MT. Kaya, Chungchongnamdo. The results were as follows : The total distribution area of Linedra erythrocarpa where are Jeondeung temple and Jugsu temple Kanghwa Island, MT. Suri, Kyunggido and MT. Kaya, Chungchongnamdo was 344.4ha and the total number of Linedra erythrocarpa was 3,224. The total number of femle Linedra erythrocarpa was625(22.2%) except the seedlings under 2cm of DBH(Diameter breast of height). For the estimation of tree age by counting of tree rings, the regression equation was Y=1.79X+9.47($R^2$=0.83, DBH=cm). The soil acidity of stands studied was $pH4.6{\sim}pH5.8$. And the soil acidity of Seoul was $pH4.2{\sim}pH4.5$ So for the Planting Linedra erythrocarpa in Seoul area, the soil acidity of planting area should be changed to $pH4.6{\sim}pH5.8$. The flower size of and female of Linedra erythrocarpa was 5.96mm, 3.66mm, respectively. The length of petiole of male and female of Linedra erythrocarpa was 5.96mm, 3.66mm, respectively. The length of petiole of male and female of Linedra erythrocarpa was 5.96mm, 3.66mm, respectively. And the number of flowers per flowering bud of male and female were 13.4, 11.2, respectively. The flowering period of Lindera erythrocarpa in Suwon was 21 days from May 2 to May 22. And The leaf continuing period of Lindera erythrocarpa in Suwon was 203 days from April 7 to October 27. And the fall-foliage color continuing period was 10 days from October 18 to October 27. The fruit continuing period of Lindera erythrocarpa in Suwon was 61 days from September 26 to November 26.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1227-1233
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• 2008

The effect of freeze drying and fixatives in post-treating freeze drying on the morphological properties of the rose (Rosa hybrida L.) petal were investigated for the production of high quality of freeze dried rose. The morphology including form and color of the dried flowers of cut rose were depended on the drying methods. The drying time was extended due to their density and water content, and was shorter in the freeze drying than that in the natural and hot air drying. Freeze dried process for dried flowers took 2 days in a freeze dryer and did not cause shrinkage or toughening of rose petal being dried, preserving its natural shape and color. The diameter of freeze dried flowers showed little reduction compared to fresh flowers. In Hunter color values of petals of freeze dried flowers, L and a values were high and showed little variations in comparison to fresh petals. Freeze drying led to a noticeable increase in anthocyanin contents in petals, suggesting that anthocyanin contents play an important role in the acquisition of freezing tolerance. Exposure of flowers to freeze drying was accompanied by an increase in the carotenoid content. In the post-treating freeze drying, epoxy resin, a fixative, applied alone or in combination to petals of freeze dried flowers showed efficient coating for the protection from humidity and sunlight. Combined application of epoxy and acetone to freeze dried petals permitted maintenance of natural color and excellent tissue morphology, showing color stability and shiny texture in surface of petals. These findings suggest that application of fixatives to freeze dried rose petals improves the floral preservation and epoxy coating provides good quality in the freeze dried flower product.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.214-219
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the effect of LED light quality and treatment time on the growth and flowering in potted plants of Impatiens (Impatiens hawkerihybrid). Plant height of Impatiens was enhanced under Blue light, regardless of treatment time. Root length and stem diameter of Impatiens were enhanced by Red light or Blue light. The number of internodes was not influenced by LED light quality. The number of branches of Impatiens was increased under Blue light, but treatment time did not result in statistically significant differences. Leaf area was increased by all LED lights in Impatiens. The number of flower buds and open flowers was decreased by LED light, but days to flowering were reduced by Red light in Impatiens. Chlorophyll and anthocyanin content were not significantly affected by LED light, but anthocyanin content tended to increase by Blue light for 4 h after sunset. Fresh and dry weights were enhanced by Blue light in Impatiens.