• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1412-1420
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• 2018

An experiment was performed using the large-scale test facility (LSTF), which simulated a 1% vessel upper head small-break loss-of-coolant accident with an accident management (AM) measure under an assumption of total-failure of high-pressure injection (HPI) system in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). In the LSTF test, liquid level in the upper head affected break flow rate. Coolant was manually injected from the HPI system into cold legs as the AM measure when the maximum core exit temperature reached 623 K. The cladding surface temperature largely increased due to late and slow response of the core exit thermocouples. The AM measure was confirmed to be effective for the core cooling. The RELAP5/MOD3.3 code indicated insufficient prediction of primary coolant distribution. The author conducted uncertainty analysis for the LSTF test employing created phenomena identification and ranking table for each component. The author clarified that peak cladding temperature was largely dependent on the combination of multiple uncertain parameters within the defined uncertain ranges.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2017

Climate changes have impacted to many sectors including water resources in Vietnam. Vietnam is agricultural development country having more than 6,000 earth dam reservoirs. These reservoirs play a very important role in flow regulation for water supply to economic sectors. In the context of undesirable impacts of climate change such as increasing temparature, evaporation, and changing rainfall and rainfall pattern, water demands and inflow to reservoirs also are being influenced. This leads to changes of resevoir exploitation effects that needs to be assessed for adaptation solutions. This article summarizes evaluations on climate change impacts to 16 reservoirs in 4 regions of North-West, North-East, Central Part, and Central Highland of Vietnam. Research results showed that in the context of climate change, safety of these reservoirs will be decreased from 8% to 20% in both water supply and flood control capacity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.200-200
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• 2016

Climate changes have impacted to many sectors including water resources in Vietnam. Vietnam is agricultural development country having a lot of reservoirs. These reservoirs play a very important role in flow regulation for water supply to economic sectors. In the context of undesirable impacts of climate change such as increasing temparature, evaporation, changing rainfall and rainfall pattern, water demands and inflow to reservoirs also are being influenced. This leads to changes of resevoir exploitation effects that needs to be assessed for adaptation solutions. This arcticle summaries the development of a tool for quick assessement of climate change impacts on exploitation effect of reservoir in central provinces of Vietnam.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.279-283
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• 2021

Traumatic spinal cord infarction is a rare condition that causes serious paralysis. The regulation of spinal cord blood flow in injured spinal cords remains unknown. Spinal cord infarction or ischemia has been reported after cardiovascular interventions, scoliosis correction, or profound hypotension. In this case, a 52-year-old man revisited the emergency center with motor and sensory abnormalities in all four extremities 56 hours after a motor vehicle collision. Despite the clinical presentation and imaging examination, there were no specific findings on the patient's first visit to the trauma center. Cervical spine computed tomography angiography showed a narrow vertebral artery, and diffusion-weighted imaging revealed spinal cord infarction from C3 to C5 with high signal intensity. It should be kept in mind that delayed-onset spinal cord infarction may occur in minor or major trauma patients as a result of head and neck injuries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.2_2
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• pp.315-322
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• 2022

Apartments are being established as a universal housing type because of the perception that they are excellent in preservation of asset values and convenience. In this study, through multiple regression analysis, it is a thesis that explores whether it affects the housing market in Gimhae, a small and medium-sized city in the province, and how the price flow in neighboring cities has an effect. It is possible to examine how macroeconomic variables such as the balloon effect and the lowest interest rate caused by the government's tweezers regulation bring about changes in the housing market of small and medium-sized cities in local regions.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.181-187
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• 2013

The construction market condition is getting worse because of global constructions slow down, low profit, market contraction and so on. For these reason, most construction companies depend on public construction projects which possible to protect construction fee, known as progress payment, by laws. Despite this law, problems of progress payment are constantly occurring and it has been main factors that hinder the construction cost's cash-flow in construction project. To solve this problem, many researchers suggested various solutions but most of solutions were focused on specific target as owner, general contractor, and subcontractor. So, most of solutions were insufficient consider about interaction between contractors. Because of these reasons, it was hard to reflected policy. This research aimed to use system dynamics to develop the model for the application and payment based on the regulations and papers. Also, performed a developed model's verification based on progress payment regulation's basic objectives.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.369-372
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• 2008

In this research experimentally analyzes the flow characteristics of a combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete of which the viscosity agent and defoaming agent addition amount are changed, to make the combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete that can secure the required flow performance and air amount. As a result of the experiment, the slump flow of the combined High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete added with viscosity agent increases when the viscosity agent addition amount is 0.2%(${\times}$W %). When viscosity agent addition amount increases, viscosity agent shows that it largely deviates from the regulation value in the flow time of V-funnel, which is presented in the JSCE standards (grade 2). Also, all mixtures, except for mixtures added with viscosity agent, defoaming agent, and AE agent, do not meet a target air amount $4.5{\pm}1.5%$. High flowing Self-Compacting Concrete mixtureadded with defoaming agent shows that although time passes after its first mixture, its air amount reduces a little. Based on the experiment, we can know an optimal polymer amount to obtain the required flow performance

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2003

We investigated the effects of Oak smoke flavoring (OSF, Holyessing) on the growth of DU145 and PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells. OSF treatment resulted in a concentration-dependent growth inhibition in both DU145 and PC3 cell lines. The anti-proliferative effect of OSF treatment was associated with the induction of apoptotic cell death which was confirmed by morphological change such as membrane shrinking, rounding up and chromatin condensation in DU145 and PC-3 cells. DNA flow cytometry analysis confirmed that OSF treatment increased population of apoptotic sub-G1 phase. Furthermore, we observed an increase of pro-apoptotic protein Bax expression and a decrease of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 by OSF treatment in a dose-dependent manner. OSF also induced a proteolytic cleavage of specific target proteins such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and β-catenin proteins. The present results indicated that OSF-induced inhibition of human prostate carcinoma cell proliferation is associated with the induction of apoptosis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 2007

We previously reported the anti-proliferative effect of Chungjogupae-tang (CJGPT) in human lung carcinoma A549 cells, which was associated with the induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in a tumor suppressor p53-independent manner. CJGPT treatment also resulted in the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 release A549 cells by the down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2. In the present study, we investigated the pathway of the induction of apoptotic cell death by CJGPT in A549 cells. It was found that CJGPT could inhibit the cell viability and induce the apoptotic cell death of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner as measured by hemocytometer counts, flow cytometry analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis of A549 cells by CJGPT was associated with a down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) expression. Additionally, DNA fragmentation by CJGPT was connected with the activation of inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase/DNA fragmentation factor 45 (ICAD/DFF45) protein expression.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.759-766
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• 2004

In the present study, we investigated the effects of aqueous extract of the healthful decoction utilizing Phellinus linteus (HDPL) on the cell growth of human lung carcinoma tumor cell line A549. Exposure of A549 cells to HDPL resulted in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner as measured by hemocytometer counts, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometric analysis. This increase in apoptosis was associated with inhibition and/or degradation of apoptotic target proteins such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), b-catenin and phospholipase C- 1 (PLC- 1) protein. HDPL treatment induced the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, an anti-apoptotic gene, however, the level of Bax. a pro-apoptotic gene, was increased by HDPL treatment. In addition, HDPL-induced apoptotis of A549 cells was connected with activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 protease in a dose-dependent manner, however, the levels of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family were remained unchanged. Taken together, these results indicated that the anti-proliferative effects of HDPL were associated with the induction of apoptotic cell death through regulation of several major growth regulatory gene products such as Bcl-2 family expression and caspase protease activity, and HDPL may have therapeutic potential in human lung cancer.