• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2005

The effects of low viscosity chitosan on the rheological properties of soymilk using a model system and on tofu qualities were examined. The flow behavior of soy milk with chitosan closed the Newtonian flow and stabilized according to increasing chitosan concentration. The soymilk containing $glucono-\delta-lactone$ exhibited a more pseudoplastic flow behavior compared with that of the control soymilk. The addition of low viscosity chitosan to the tofu preparation did not significantly affect its physicochemical properties. However, the results of the TEM image and instrumental textural properties showed that low viscosity chitosan affected the construction of the tofu structure. Chitosan tofu had low scores across the whole field of appearance in the sensory evaluation, and its overall eating quality was scored significantly lower. These results suggest that the addition of low viscosity chit os an affects the quality of tofu, which changes according to the degree of polymerization and concentration of chitosan.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.24 no.63
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• pp.101-110
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• 2001

This study is concern with the design of experiment planning for quality improvement in flow shop manufacturing system. In this study, the procedure of two stage experiment planning are proposed and applied to the manufacturing process of Li/$MnO_2$ batteries. The result of in this paper is that, compared with the current process conditions, 52% of the insulation inspection process, 81.6% of the first premier discharge process, 98.5% of the second premier discharge process, 84.7% of O.C.V./C.C.V. process, and 86.2% of voltage inspection process are decreased. After a given period of time, the life of the batteries extends to 75 hours, which means the 15% improvement in capacity. In case that the proposed methods are applied to the process Improvements of the flow shop manufacturing system, the much effected in experimental cost- saving and quality improvement.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.62-70
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• 2005

Pollution loading of Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) is frequently over the capacity of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) receiving the water. The objectives of this study are to investigate water quality of CSOs in Anmyun-ueup, Tean province and to apply Storm Water Management Model to predict flow rate and water quality of the CSOs. The capacity of a local WWTP was also estimated according to rainfall duration and intensity. Eleven water quality parameters were analyzed to characterize overflows. SWMM model was applied to predict the flow rate and pollutant load of CSOs during rain event. Overall, profile of the flow and pollutant load predicted by the model well followed the observed data. Based on model prediction and observed data, CSOs frequently occurs in the study area, even with light precipitation or short rainfall duration. Model analysis also indicated that the local WWTP’s capacity was short to cover the CSOs.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-56
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• 2023

Due to restrictions on offline activities caused by COVID-19, the use of mobile applications is increasing along with interest in online shopping, which are non-face-to-face commerce. Accordingly, mobile applications and various industries are combined, and the number of cases of using mobile applications in the fashion industry is increasing. In this study, the effect of e-service quality of fashion mobile applications on user's flow, user satisfaction, and service loyalty was examined. To conduct this study, a survey of 274 people who experienced the 'ABLY' fashion mobile application was used for analysis to verify the hypothesis. As a result of the analysis, it was found that informativity and responsiveness among the e-service quality of fashion mobile applications had a positive (+) effect on flow. And it has been confirmed that informativity, reliability, and responsiveness affect user satisfaction. In addition, flow has a positive (+) (+) effect on user satisfaction, and user satisfaction has a positive (+) effect on service loyalty. However, among the e-service quality of fashion mobile applications, reliability did not have a positive (+) effect on flow. And ease of use did not have a positive (+) effect on both flow and user satisfaction. Finally, it was confirmed that flow did not directly affect service loyalty. Through this study, we intend to contribute to the establishment of marketing strategies for fashion mobile application users, who are increasing with the development of mobile technology, and provide practical implications for the post-COVID-19 era.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.175-189
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• 2021

In this study, 48 streams in the Sapgyo Watershed were selected, and the Load Duration Curves (LDC) were drawn up for each stream using water quality and flow monitoring over the last three years (2018-2020), and it was evaluated whether the target water quality was achieved for each flow section. As a result of evaluating whether or not the target water quality exceeded according to the LDC, it was found that 22 rivers exceeded the target water quality. Five rivers exceeded the target water quality due to point pollutant sources, 13 rivers exceeded the target water quality due to non-point pollutant sources, and 4 rivers exceeded the target water quality due to both point and non-point pollutant sources. Among the rivers that exceeded the target water quality due to point pollutant sources, which included domestic sewage of the untreated population, there is a need to reduce the influx of polluted loads by the untreated population. The use of eco-friendly fertilizers is recommended for rivers with a relatively high farmland ratio among rivers exceeding the target water quality due to non-point pollutant sources, and installation of boiling point reduction facilities that can reduce the amount of polluted load introduced during rainfall or manage water shores. In rivers with a large number of livestock breeding heads, the livestock houses located in these rivers need to be preferentially transferred to livestock manure treatment plants. Due to the high ratio of land area because of urbanization, initial rainwater treatment facilities are required to reduce the amount of pollutant load flowing into the river through the impermeable layer during rainfall.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.66-69
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• 2001

Effect of $N_2$ flow rate on properties of GaN thin films grown by plasma-enhanced molecular beam epitaxy(PEMBE) was discussed to optimize the quality of thin films. It was found that at low $N_2$ flow rate indicating high III/V flux ratio, the growth rate of GaN thin films was controlled by $N_2$ flux, and at high $N_2$ flow rate the growth rate was not controlled by $N_2$ flux any longer. It was also found that III/V flux ratio affected film quality. The film grown at higher $N_2$ flow rate showed low background carrier concentration, higher carrier mobility, and narrow FWHM in band-edge emission of low temperature PL. It is thought that the film in more Ga flux region was grown by 2-dimensional layer-by-layer growth mode, and the film in more nitrogen region was grown by 3-D island growth mode. All samples exhibited a good crystallinity.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.157-164
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• 2008

The temperature-entropy diagram of water or vapor displays graphically the thermophysical properties, so it is very conveniently used in various thermal systems. On general T-s chart of water, there are temperature, pressure, quality, specific volume, specific enthalpy, specific entropy. However, various state and process values besides above properties can be plotted on T-s diagram. In this study, we developed the software drawing twenty six kinds of properties, that is temperature, pressure, quality, specific volume, specific internal energy, specific enthalpy, specific entropy, specific exergy, exergy ratio, density, isobaric specific heat, isochoric specific heat, ratio of specific heat, coefficient of viscosity, kinematic coefficient of viscosity, thermal conductivity, prandtl number, ion product, static dielectric constant, isentropic exponent, velocity of sound, joule-thomson coefficient, pressure coefficient, volumetric coefficient of expansion, isentropic compressibility, and isothermal compressibility. Also, this software can analyze and print the system values of mass flow rate, volume flow rate, internal energy flow rate, enthalpy flow rate, entropy flow rate, exergy flow rate, heat flow rate, power output, power efficiency, and reversible work. Additionally, this software support the functions such as MS-Power Point.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.741-748
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• 2002

The present study investigated the two-phase flow characteristics of refrigerant R-22 in T-branch with horizontal and vertical inlet tube The key experimental parameters were the orientation of inlet and branch tubes (horizontal and vertical), diameter ratio of branch tube to inlet tube (1 and 0.61), inlet mass flux (200~500 kg/$m^2$s) and inlet quality (0.1~0.4). Predicted pressure profile agreed with the measured data within 25.4%. The flow distribution ratio decreased as the mass flux increased. The flow distribution ratio decreased by 12~25% as the tube diameter ratio decreased from 1 to 0.61, and decreased by 38~47% as the orientation of branch changed from horizontal to vertical upward for horizontal inlet tubes. As the orientation of inlet tube changed from horizontal to vertical upward for horizontal branch, the flow distribution ratio increased by 15~68%, but the quality in the branch tube decreased by 28~92% due to phase separation.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.615-626
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• 2023

Under limited transmission conditions, many factors affect the efficiency of video transmission. During the flight of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), frequent network switching often occurs, and the channel transmission condition changes rapidly, resulting in low-video transmission efficiency. This paper presents an efficient video coding flow for UAVs working in the 5G nonstandalone network and proposes two bit controllers, including time and spatial bit controllers, in the flow. When the environment fluctuates significantly, the time bit controller adjusts the depth of the recursive codec to reduce the error propagation caused by excessive network inference. The spatial bit controller combines the spatial bit mask with the channel quality multiplier to adjust the bit allocation in space to allocate resources better and improve the efficiency of information carrying. In the spatial bit controller, a flexible mini graph is proposed to compute the channel quality multiplier. In this study, two bit controllers with end-to-end codec were combined, thereby constructing an efficient video coding flow. Many experiments have been performed in various environments. Concerning the multi-scale structural similarity index and peak signal-to-noise ratio, the performance of the coding flow is close to that of H.265 in the low bits per pixel area. With an increase in bits per pixel, the saturation bottleneck of the coding flow is at the same level as that of H.264.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

A monsoon season monitoring data from June to September, 2005 of a small forested watershed located at the upstream of the North Han River system in Korea was conducted to analyze the flow variations, the NPS pollutant concentrations, and the pollution load characteristics with respect to sampling frequencies. During the 4-month period, 1,423 mm or 79.2% of annual rainfall(1,797 mm) were occurred and more than 77%, 54% and 68% of annual T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads discharged. Flow rate was continuously measured with automatic velocity and water level meters and 58 water quality samples were taken and analyzed. It was analyzed that the flow volume by random measurement varied very widely and ranged from 79% to 218% of that of continuous measurement. It was recommended that flow measurement of small forested watersheds should be continuously measured with automated flow meters to precisely measure flow rates. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P during the period were 2.114 mg/L, 0.836 mg/L, and 0.136 mg/L, respectively. T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads were sensitive to the number of samples. And it was analyzed that in order to measure the pollution load within the error of 10% to the true load, the rate of sampling frequency should be higher than 89.7% of the sample numbers that were required to compute the true pollution load. If it is compared to selected foreign research results, about 10 water samples for each rainfall event were needed to compute the pollution load within 10% error. It is unlikely in Korea and recommended that thorough NPS pollution monitoring studies are required to develop the standard monitoring procedures for reliable NPS pollution quantification.