• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1599-1604
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• 2001

Axisymmetric compressible flow field induced by shock diffraction from a finite cone is investigated with experimental and computational methods. Double-exposure holographic interferograms show ima ges of the density field integrated along the light path. Using the sight-integrated density based on the Able transformation, the axisymmetric computational results are compared qualitatively with the experiment. In the present paper, we observed some distinguishing flow physics: the fault structure of vortex ring, the shock-vortex interaction, and the morphological transformation of shock waves.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.143-148
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• 1997

Differential pressure Venturi cone flowmeter is an advanced flowmeter which has many advantages such as wide range of measurement, high accuracy, excellent flow turndown ratio, low headless, and short installation pipe length requirement, etc. Like other differential pressure flowmeter, Venturi cone flowmeter uses the law of energy conservation, but its shape and position make it perform better than others. The cone acts as its own flow conditioner and mixer, fully conditioning and mixing the flow prior to measurement. For the analysis, we use Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and $k-{\omega}$ turbulence model. The equations are fully trans-formed in the computational coordinates, the pressure-velocity coupling is made through SIMPLER algorithm, and the equations are discretized using analytic solutions of the linearized equations(Finite Analytic Method). At the end of the paper, using the result of analysis, We propose a new shape of cone with the hope of drag reduction and high performance.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.457-471
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• 2023

The paper evaluates the aerodynamic coefficients on a blunt-nose re-entry capsule with a conical cross-section followed by a cone-flare body. A computer code is developed to solve three-dimensional compressible inviscid equationsfor flow over a Space Recovery Experiment (SRE) configuration at different flare-cone half-angle at Mach 6 and angle of attack up to 5°, at 1° interval. The surface pressure variation is numerically integrated to obtain the aerodynamic forces and pitching moment. The numerical analysis reveals the influence of flare-cone geometry on the flow characteristics and aerodynamic coefficients. The numerical results agree with wind tunnel results. Increase of cone-flare angle from 25° to 35° results in increase of normal force slope, axial forebody drag, base drag and location of centre of pressure by 62.5%, 56.2% and 33.13%, respectively, from the basic configuration ofthe SRE of 25°.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.323-328
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• 2009

The rheological properties of complex materials such as polymer melts show complicated non-Newtonian flow phenomena when they are subjected to shear flow. These flow properties are controlled by the characteristics of flow units and the interactions among the flow segments. The non-Newtonian flow curves of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel were obtained in various concentrations and temperatures by using a cone-plate rheometer. By applying non-Newtonian flow equation to the flow curves for PVA hydrogel samples, the rheological parameters were obtained. The PVA hydrogel samples are shear thinning under increasing shear rate modes which result in thixotropic behavior.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.76-83
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• 2001

An experimental investigation has been performed on the steady flow in exhaust system. When individual flow coming from exhaust manifold entered UCC, the inlet conditions at entry to the diffuser in UCC were affected by the upstream pipe and manifold works. But those effects of the inlet condition on flow through monolith are negligible because the flows are concentrated on the center of monolith regardless of inlet flow distribution. To improve the flow distribution, we installed the cone type circular ring in diffuser of UCC. This led to increasement of flow uniformity, but there was minor increment of pressure drop.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.714-720
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• 1998

The differential pressure venturi-cone flowmeter is an advanced flowmeter which has many advantages such as wide range of measurement, high accuracy, excellent flow turn-down ratio, low headless, short installation pipe length requirement, and etc. Like other differential pressure flowmeters, the venturi-cone flowmeter uses the law of energy conservation, but its shape and position make it perform better than others. The cone acts as its own flow conditioner and mixer, fully conditioning and mixing the flow prior to measurement. For the analysis, we used Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes equations and k-$\omega$ turbulence model. The equations were fully transformed into the computational domain, the pressure-velocity coupling was made through SIMPLER algorithm, and the equations were discretized using finite analytic solutions of the liberalized equations(Finite Analytic Method). To control the separation phenomenon on the cone surface, we proposed a new shape of cone, and analyzed the flowfield in the new flowmeter system, and found the improvement on the performance of the new cone flowmeter.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.5-11
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• 2011

In this study, the effect of cone angle of seven-hole probe on the accuracy of measured flow angle and velocity has been investigated. The seven-hole probe consisted of seven 1mm OD stainless inner tubes and one 3mm ID stainless tube. Six cone angles of $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $75^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $105^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$ were tested. Calibrations of the seven-hole probes were conducted within ${\pm}60^{\circ}$ range with the interval of $5^{\circ}$. Analysis results show that the effect on the cone angle was not significant on the accuracy of the measured flow angle, pressure, and velocity. However, the data reduction method had more effect on the measurement accuracy.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.198-214
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• 2016

Oval substrates are widely used in automobiles to reduce the exhaust emissions in Diesel oxidation Catalyst of CI engine. Because of constraints in space and packaging Oval substrate is preferred rather than round substrate. Obtaining the flow uniformity is very challenging in oval substrate comparing with round substrate. In this present work attempts are made to optimize the inlet cone design to achieve the optimal flow uniformity with the help of CATIA V5 which is 3D design tool and CFX which is 3D CFD tool. Initially length of inlet cone and mass flow rate of exhaust stream are analysed to understand the effects of flow uniformity and pressure drop. Then short straight cones and angled cones are designed. Angled cones have been designed by two methodologies. First methodology is rotating flow inlet plane along the substrate in shorter or longer axis. Second method is shifting the flow inlet plane along the longer axis. Large improvement in flow uniformity is observed when the flow inlet plane is shifted along the direction of longer axis by 10, 20 and 30 mm away from geometrical centre. When the inlet plane is rotated again based on 30 mm shifted geometry, significant improvement at rotation angle of $20^{\circ}$ is observed. The flow uniformity is optimum when second shift is performed based on second rotation. This present work shows that for an oval substrate flow, uniformity index can be optimized when inlet cone is angled by rotation of flow inlet plane along axis of substrate.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-62
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• 2003

The nonlinear dependence aspect of various conical tool indentation parameters leading to an optimum tool semi angle value for easiest perforation is plotted and discussed explicitly in this work with the conclusion that tool angle has an optimum response towards most of the indentation parameters. Around this optimum angle, the aluminium sheets showed minimum fracture toughness as well as minimum work input to overcome the offered resistance. At the end, the mechanism leading to this phenomenon is presented with the conclusion that plastic flow dominates as the dimple semi cone angle reaches 35 and both pre and post plastic flow perforations lead the tool semi cone angle value towards this dimple cone semi angle of plastic flow initiation for its optimum performance. It is also concluded that specimen material failure is solely under tensile hoop stress and hence results into radial cracks initiation and propagation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.351-365
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• 2019

This article presents a new approach for conformal flattening with optimal cone singularity. The algorithm here takes an optimal control for selecting optimal cones and uses the Ricci flow to force the flattening. This work is considered as a modification to the work of Soliman et al. [1] in the sense that they make use of the Yamabe equation for the flattening, which is an approximation of the Ricci flow. We present a numerical algorithm based on the optimal control with the mathematical background. Several numerical results validate that our method is optimal in total cone angle and usage of the Ricci flow ensures the conformal flattening while selecting optimal cones.