• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1011-1015
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• 2003

The objectives of this work focus on the differences in responses of paired tendons from different anatomical locations. Tendon specimens were obtained from the hindlimbs of canines and frozen to -70$^{\circ}C$. After being thawed, specimens were mounted in the immersion bath, preloaded to 0.13N, and then subjected to 3% or 4% of the initial length at a strain rate of 5%/sec. It was found that the mechanical responses of anatomically paired tendons were nearly the same within each pair but different between pairs of tendons from different anatomical locations. Although flexor tendons had much larger cross-sectional area than the others, such as peroneus or extensor tendons, the stiffness of the flexor tendons were much lower than the others throughout their stress-strain responses. The nature and causes of these differences in the stiffness are not fully known. However, it is clear that differences in the mechanical response of tendons and other connective tissues are significant to the musculoskeletal performance.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2002

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome is characterized by weakness of the flexor pollicis longus, the flexor digitorum profundus and the pronator quadratus in the presence of normal sensation. Although MR imaging findings of anterior interosseous nerve syndrome has been reported in a few articles, we report herein a case of anterior interosseous nerve syndrome involving more than usual muscles innervated by anterior interosseous nerve, caused by varient nerve innervation.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.271-273
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• 2006

In closed calcaneus fractures, the occurrence of FHL interposition in subtalar joint is relatively rare and difficult to diagnosis preoperatively. But careful physical examination and significant radiologic findings could be useful tools to diagnosis preoperatively. This findings is shearing off a superior medial fragment made up of the sustentaculum talus connected to a significant portion of the medial wall and medial aticular surface of the posterior facet.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.370-375
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• 1999

Owner's attitudes for tendonectomy, the advantages of this surgical technique, and postoperative complication were investigated by telephone survey. 18 cats on whom tendoncetomy was performed with or without concurrent ovario-hysterectomy or castration were included in this study. The first reason for tendonectomy was to avoid damage caused by the cat's scratching household materials. The first benefit of tendonectomy was decreasing damage to materials (89%). The primary concern of the owners of cats that underwent tendonectomy was postoperative pain after surgery (61%). Twelve cats (67%) that underwent tendonectomy recovered fully within the first three days and 6 cats (33%) recovered within two weeks. After combining the very positive rating and positive as positive, seventeen owners (94%) of cats that underwent tendonectomy had a positive attitude to the surgery.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2006

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) is an aquired slowly progressive inflammatory myopathy with unknown etiology. Although light microscopic abnormalities and characteristic histopathology on muscle biopsy distinguishes from other inflammatory myopathies, vacuolated muscle fibers, intracellular amyloid deposits or tubulofilaments in electromicroscopic findings are not definite in some patients. This review shows the prominently involved muscles in s-IBM and specific or nonspecific electrophysiologic manifestations from reported data for helping the diagnosis of definite-or probable-IBM patients. In lower limbs, the quadriceps is predominantly involved, as is iliopsoas, and tibialis anterior is common. In the upper limbs, the greatest weakness is in forearm finger flexors. Finger extensors, biceps and triceps also are moderately to prominently involved. The majority of patients demonstrate polyphasic MUAPs that are short in duration. An additional striking feature is the concomitant documentation of long-duration, large-amplitude, polyphasic MUAPs. In spite of the frequent mixed myopathic-neurogenic electromyographic findings of IBM, just like that of chronic myositis, asymmetric, slowly progressive weakness of flexor digitorum profundus or quadriceps femoris muscles after age of 50 is very necessary condition for the diagnosis of IBM.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 1999

It is very common to use the powered hand tools to enhance the productivity in various types of industry. But the use of the powered hand tools could cause health problems such as cumulative trauma disorders and vibration white fingers. In this study. the effects of hand-arm vibration and anatomical hand position on localized muscle fatigue were analyzed. Eight healthy male subjects volunteered for the study. Vibration frequencies of 0, 40, 80, 100, 150, and 200Hz and hand position of flexion and ulnar deviation were selected for the independent variables of the experiment. Median frequency shifting was used as a dependent variable. The results indicated that at the vibration frequency of 40Hz and accelation of 2g, the muscle fatigue was the greatest. For the hand position. there was significant difference between neutral and flexion. and neutral and ulnar deviation, but no difference between flexion and ulnar deviation. These results could be applied in designing powered hand tools to minimize the health problems.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2004

Objective : Compare the results of CPM and PNF in recovery rates when applied as an initial physical therapy. Methods : Randomly selected 19 patients who underwent through total knee replacement surgery. 23 cases were studied and divided into 12 CPM and 11 PNF cases. CPM case was carried out for 60 minutes, a maximum allowed exercise without pain. PNF case was carried out for 20 minutes by a therapist to a patient as 'one on one'. Result : Result showed that PNF treatment was increased significantly at P<0.05 in flexor muscle strength in 8 days after the surgery. Conclusion : The study revealed that in comparison with CPM, PNF was more effective treatment increase of flexor muscle strength in rehabilitation on after total knee replacement surgery.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.93-99
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• 2014

Acquired adult flatfoot deformity is characterized by flattening of the medial longitudinal arch and dysfunction of the posteromedial soft tissues, including the posterior tibial tendon. When the non-operative treatment fails to result in improvement of symptoms, surgery should be considered. Operative techniques include flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer, calcaneal medial slide osteotomy, lateral column lengthening, and arthrodesis of the hindfoot. The principle of correcting the deformity while avoiding overcorrection and excessive stiffness is important in achievement of good outcomes in these patients.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1183-1194
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of the flexion withdrawal reflex modulated by the hip angle and hip movement in spinal cord injury (SCI). The influence of the hip position and passive movement were tested in 6 subjects with chronic SCI. Each subject placed in a supine position and lower leg was fixed with the knee at 5 -45 degree flexion and the ankle at 25-40 degree plantar flexion. A train of 10 stimulus pulses were applied at 200 Hz to the skin of the medial arch to trigger flexion reflexes. From results of the regression analysis, static properties of normalized muscle activation of flexor muscles have the linear relationship with respect to hip angle (P< 0.05). In order to verify the neural contribution of flexion reflex, we compared the static and dynamic gains of estimated muscle activations with measured EMG of ankle flexor muscle. Form this study, we postulate that the torque and muscle response of flexion withdrawal reflex have linear relationship with hip angle and angular velocity.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.6-9
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• 1996

In this paper, we attempted to analyze the contraction patterns of elbow flexor muscle during isometric, concentric and eccentric contraction. The analysis parameters are consisted of Sequency domain parameters (mean frequency, median frequency, skewness, kurtosis) and time domain parameters (zero crossing, positive maxima, integrated EMG). As a results, the analysis parameters have specific trends for muscles, muscle contraction patterns, muscle contraction angles. Especially, at the time domain analysis, IEMG is a dominant parameter for analysis of activation patterns, and the skewness, kurtosis are useful parameters for functional recognition.