• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was designed to find out the effectiveness of reposition sense, muscle fatigue response on lumbar spine after apply lumbosacral stabilization exercise program to 4 patients with chronic low back pain and for 12 weeks. Method: In this study the reposition sense was measured in 3 angle(60, 30, 12) of the lumbar spine motion with blind by MedX test machine and the difference of instability to lumbar vertebra segments in flexion, extension test of standing position and spinal load test Mattress Test by Spinal Mouse. The stabilization exercise program was applied 2 times a week for 12 weeks in hospital and 2 times a day for 20 minutes at home. Result: The results of the present study were that the repositioning sense was appeared the most error in 12 angles of lumbar flexion and Men was appeared to decrease an error more than female in average value of 4 angles after 12 weeks. And average error of male was decrease more than female. Thus the effects of lumbosacral stabilization exercise was improved repositioning sense of prorioceptor. Fatigue response test(FRT) results, in male, was raised muscle fatigue rate during increase weight, on the other hand female appeared lower than male. Conclusion: As a results, lumbosacral stabilization exercise was aided to improvement of lumbar spine repositioning sense and vertebra segments stabilization. It was showed the rate of decrease in typically 12 degree angle point of each 3 angle(60, 36, 12). Especially, that spine instability patients will have a risk when in lifting a load or working with slight flexion posture around 12 degree during the daily of living life and it is probably to increase recurrence rate. Thus, not only lumbar extension muscle strength but also stability of vertebra segments in lumbar spine may be very important.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of neck and shoulder self-stretching exercise using audiovisual media on neck pain, postural alignment, and joint position error in women with chronic neck pain. Methods: The subjects included 20 women that gave consent to participate in the study voluntarily. They performed the self-stretching exercises using audiovisual media was carried out 20 minutes 5 times a week during 3 weeks. Neck disability index (NDI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to measure the functional disability and pain, A pressure pain threshold was measured using an algometer, and a cervical range of motion (CROM) measurement tool was used to measure the range of motion and error of proprioceptive position sense of the cervical spine. To assess posture alignment, forward head angle (FHA), forward shoulder angle (FSA) were measured using image J software. Results: The neck pain intensity was statistically significantly within group (p<.05). Neck and shoulder functional disability were a statistically significant difference within group (p<.05). Splenius capitis and upper trapezius pressure pain threshold were statistically significant difference in within group (p<.05). The postural alignment was statistically significantly within group (p<.05). The cervical range of motion in neck extension, right and left lateral flexion were statistically significantly within group (p<.05). The joint position error in neck flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion decreased statistically significantly within group (p<.05). Conclusion: Self-stretching exercise using audiovisual media increased the mobility of the neck, decreased neck pain and joint position error, and improved posture alignment. As a result, there was a positive effect by applying the self-stretching exercise using audiovisual media to people with neck pain. Based on this, it is thought that it can be used as the basis for research related to home training programs for healthy self-management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2018

The success of the total hip arthroplasty is revealed as initial stability, range of motion, and long term pain, etc. Depending upon choice of implantation options such as femoral neck offset, diameter of the femoral head, the lateral opening tilt. Especially the impingement between femoral head component and acetabular cup limits the range of motion of the hip. In this sense, estimation or evaluation of the range of motion before and after the total hip arthroplasty is important. This study provides the details of a computer simulation technique for the hip range of motion of intact hip as well as arthroplasty. The suggested method defines the hip rotation center and rotation axes for flexion and abduction, respectively. The simulation uses CT-based reconstructed 3D models and an STL treating software. The abduction angle of the hip is defined as the superolateral rotation angle from sagittal plane. The flexion angle of the hip is defined as the superoanterior angle from the coronal plane. The maximum abduction angle is found as the maximum rotation angle by which the femoral head can rotate superolaterally about the anterior-posterior axis without impingement. The maximum flexion angle is found as the maximum rotation angle by which the femoral head can rotate superoanteriorly about the medial-lateral axis without impingement. Compared to the normal hip, the total hip replacement hip showed decreased abduction by 60 degrees and decreased flexion by 4 degrees. This measured value implies that the proposed measurement technique can make surgeons find a modification of increase in the femoral neck offset or femoral head, to secure larger range of motion.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a wrist rehabilitation training device using pneumatic inflation and deflation of air cells. By alternating inflation and deflation of upper and lower air cells, the device makes the flexional and extensional movement for wrist rehabilitation. With the angular displacement sensor, it measures the flexion-extension angle of the wrist during the training and the bending angle is used for the automatic control of the device. Using the sensor output, the regression equation was obtained to measure the bending angle of the wrist from a wrist rehabilitation training device. The measurement error of the device was evaluated by comparing the measurement output with the angle from the photograph. The measurement error of wrist bending angle between the sensor and photo was $3.2^{\circ}$ in average. With additional test and improvement, the pneumatic wrist rehabilitation training device might be used for rehabilitation training.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.93-99
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• 2022

The present study was performed to compare cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO) and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) through radiographic evaluation. The experiment was conducted with five cadaver dogs [mean (± SD) weight, 32.9 ± 4.1 kg; mean (± SD) age, 6 ± 2 years; three males and two females] euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study. The cadaver dogs consisted of German Shepherd (n = 3), Belgian Malinois (n = 1), and mixed breed (n = 1). CTWO and TPLO were carried out by the standard surgical method. Radiographic evaluation was performed by comparing several factors, including the flexion and extension angles, the anatomical mechanical axis angle (AMA-angle), tibial length, patellar height measurement using the Labelle-Laurin method, mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), mechanical medial distal tibial angle (mMDTA), and frontal plane alignment (FPA). Both the CTWO and the TPLO groups showed significantly increased flexion angles after surgery. Only the CTWO group had significantly increased extension angle. Although both groups showed significant decreases in the AMA-angle, the mechanical axis moved cranially against the anatomical axis only in the CTWO group. The patellar height was significantly lowered in the CTWO group. No significant differences were found in mMPTA, mMDTA, or FPA. In conclusion, radiographic comparison revealed more changes in CTWO group than in TPLO group.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2000

Pcak torque. angle of peak torque occurrence. total work, average power. endurance of the ankle plantar flexors were studied with the knee positioned $0^{\circ}\;and\;90^{\circ}$ flexion. Plantar flexors of 20 students were tested on Cybex 6000 dynamometer. The results were as fallows ; 1. The peak torque values were significantly higher with knee extension than knee $90^{\circ}$ flexion. 2. The angle of peak torque occurrence were earlier with knee extension than knee $90^{\circ}$ flexion, but no significant. 3. The total work were significantly higher with knee extension than knee $90^{\circ}$ flexion. at$30^{\circ}/sec$, but no significant at $90^{\circ}/sec$ 4. The endurance ratio were higher significantly with knee $90^{\circ}$ flex ion than knee extension 5. The mean average power were significantly higher with knee extension than knee $90^{\circ}$ flextion

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 2012

Background : The purpose of this study was to investigate the electromyographic(EMG) amplitude of the gluteus medius muscle bilaterally at various hip angles and motions(flexion, extension and abduction). Methods : Thirty young with a mean(SD) age of 21.03(1.69) years performed hip motions(flexion, extension and abduction) while the surface EMG activity of the gluteus medius muscles was recorded bilaterally. Subjects were instructed to use the right lower limb during moving 3 different direction. Differences in EMG amplitudes in according with movement direction and angle were assessed by use of paired t-test analyses of variance for the right and left lower extremities. The alpha level was set at .05. Results : Gluteus medius muscle EMG activities in the both side were significantly greater for abduction at angles of 30 degrees than those for other motions at other angles. Conclusion : Hip abduction at angles of 30 degrees on the standing position may be effective in activating the gluteus medius muscle.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2012

This paper proposes a biomimetic finger module to be used in a lightweight hand prosthesis. The finger module consists of finger skeleton and an actuator module driven by SMA (Shape Memory Alloy). The prototype finger module can perform flexion and extension motions; finger flexion is driven by a contraction force of SMA, but it is extended by an elastic force of an extension spring inserted into the finger skeleton. The finger motions are controlled by feedback of electric resistance of SMA because the finger module has no sensors to measure length and angle. Total weight of a prototype finger module is 30g. In experiments the finger motions and finger grip force are tested and compared with simulation results when a constant contraction force of SMA is given. The experimental results show that the proposed SMA-driven finger module is feasible to the lightweight hand prosthesis.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the muscular endurance on the kinematic factors during a prolonged run. Subjects, 12 males, who were divided into three groups(lower group, general group, and in higher group) after measuring the lower limb's muscular endurance previously. They were asked toe run on the treadmill at 7.4km/h of speed. To analyze the kinematics parameters of the trunk during running, the ProReflex MCU Camera(Qualisys, Sweden) were used. All parameters were sampled from 5 minute, 40 minute, and 60 minute moments during running. An ANOVA with Repeated Measure was used to test the statistic significance between and within groups for all parameters determined with SPSS 11.0. Significance was defined as p<.05. The conclusions were as follows; There was significantly difference within(lapse of running time) groups in the take-off and minimum knee angle event of swing phase of the trunk flexion and extension. In conclusion, the muscular endurance affected on movement of the trunk during a prolonged run. In addition, it showed that there was significant difference in the energy consumption by lapse of running time. Therefore, it seems to be relationships between the muscular endurance and running efficiency.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

The active-knee-extension (AKE) test has been used to measure hamstring muscle length. The traditional AKE test measures the popliteal angle to the point of resistance with a 90-degree flexion of the hip fixed by straps, while the stabilized AKE test measures the popliteal angle to the point of resistance with a 90-degree flexion of the hip stabilized using a pressure biofeedback unit providing lumbopelvic stabilization. The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability of the traditional AKE test and stabilized AKE test. Twenty healthy adults participated in the study. The popliteal angles were measured with a digital inclinometer during each test. To assess the test-retest reliability between the 2 test sessions, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. The intrasubject coefficient of variation ($CV_{intra}$) was also calculated. To compare the traditional and stabilized AKE tests for changes in pressure, paired t-tests were applied. The results of this study were as follows: 1) ICCs(3,1) value for test-retest reliability was .96 in the traditional AKE test, and was .98 in the stabilized AKE test. 2) The maximal $CV_{intra}$ was 33.7% in the traditional AKE test and 15.7% in the stabilized AKE test. 3) Differences of $6.1{\pm}2.1$ mmHg in pressure were measured in the traditional AKE test, and differences of $1.2{\pm}1.0$ mmHg in pressure were measured in the stabilized AKE test. The results show the traditional and stabilized AKE test to be highly reliable, with test-retest reliability. However, the stabilized AKE test represented less variation and more stabilization than the traditional AKE test. Further study is needed to measure the inter-rater reliability of the stabilized AKE test for generalization and clinical application.