• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.501-502
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• 2001

Characteristics of $CO_2$ fixation by Chlorella sp. HA -1 were studied in a high cell culture using semi-continuous mode. As a result, it may be possible to obtain not only high cell concentration but also effective $CO_2$ removal at a moderate dilution ratio, which is' the most significant factor to control the microalgal growth in the semi-continuous mode.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between two nailing approaches of intramedullary screw fixation, the retrograde nailing versus the anterograde nailing, on the radiological and clinical outcomes in patients with clavicle shaft fractures. Methods: From April 2002 to August 2014, we enrolled a total of 22 patients with clavicle shaft fractures to participate in this study. Twelve patients received retrograde intramedullary nailing and 10 received anterograde nailing. The average duration of follow-up was 12 months. In all the patients, we took follow-up radiographs of the anteroposterior and the axial views to assess the postoperative radiological outcomes. We measured the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the range of motion (ROM). Results: Clinically, we did not find a statistically significant difference in the retrograde group and the anterograde group in terms of the duration to bone union, the VAS score the ASES score and the ROMs. Radiologically, we found that the difference in the clavicle shortening of the affected arm and the unaffected arm did not show a statistically significant difference at the immediate postoperative assessment. we found that the difference in the clavicle shortening of the affected arm between the immediate postoperative and the final follow-up value did not show a statistically significant difference. Conclusions: We found that both the retrograde nailing and the anterograde nailing gave a favorable outcome for clavicle shaft fractures. Although we saw evidence of clavicle shortening after intramedullary screw fixation, this was not a factor that influenced clinical outcome.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the structural change in knees caused by quadriceps angle and the muscle activity in lower limbs. Indirect intervention was provided by using taping for stability in the ankle joints, which affected patellofemoral pain. Methods: The subjects in this study were 20 patients with patellofemoral pain who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}{\bigcirc} $ Hospital in Busan. The visual analogue scale measured the dynamic quadriceps angle and the degree of pain felt by the patients while walking down stairs, which was a known factor of patellofemoral pain. In addition, muscle activities in the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and biceps femoris, which affect the knees and ankles, were measured using surface electromyography. The muscle activities were converted into %RVC for this study. The data obtained in this study were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using the SPSS Ver. 25.0 statistical program. The significance level ${\alpha}$ was 0.05. Results: The study results showed that the pain and dynamic quadriceps angle were significantly reduced statistically when applying the calcaneus fixation taping (p<0.05). Muscle activity in the lower limbs was significantly decreased in the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and tibialis anterior (p<0.05). Conclusion: The summary of the study results verified that the calcaneus fixation taping reduced the pain and dynamic quadriceps angle by providing stability in the ankle joints. It also produced efficient movement due to the difference in lower-limb muscle activity.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-103
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• 1994

In recent years, the visual characteristics of natural open space and greenbelt surrounding the urban landscapes have been changed with sprawling of residential areas and highrised residential buildings. Since these natural areas being the background element of residential areas are topographically sloped mountains in many cities. It is easy to be seen in the distance and it is important to preserve these areas as a visual infrastructure of the urban landscape. The purposes of this study are to extract the factors of landscape impact evaluation for these areas and to clarify the physical landscape variables representing these factors, and to infer the visual-perceptional relationships between image and landscape variables. As results, conceptional three factors were extracted with semantic differential evaluation to classified 18 landscape slide, and three regression models were established with factor score of landscapes and physical variables measured in photographs. On the basis of these relationships, visual-perceptional characteristics were discussed by analyzing the data form eye-movement recording to each of landscapes. The factors of "spatial unfolding of backdropped hilly greenspace", "horizontal quence of residential buildings", and "landscape complexity" prove to be important. And it prove important variables of "skyline of mountainous ridge" and "visual edge of building structure" in regression models and eye fixation movements.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on 452 patients with maxillofacial bone fracture. The patients were treated at the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, WON KWANG UNIV. HOSPITAL from Aug. 1, 1984 to Sept. 30, 1988. The results were as follows. 1. The facial bone fractures occured most frequently in the twenties (35.3%)and male were predominant(75%) than female. 2. The most frequent etiologic factor was traffic accident. 3. The most common location of facial bone fracture was mandible(57%). Zygomatic bone & arch(39.9%) were most common on middle 1/3 of the face and symphysis(37.1%) were most common on the mandible. 4. The time from injury to treatment was variable from under the 1 week (65%) to over the 1 week(35%). In most case of the patients were treated beyond the 3 days(51.5%). 5. The relationship of intermaxillary fixation period and treatment method was an intimate relationship. The IMF period was reduced by the use of plate and screw osteosynthesis. 6. The weight loss was proportioned to intermaxillary fixation period.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on 219 patients with mandibular fracture. The patients were treated in the Dept. of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery of WON KWANG UNIV. HOSPITAL from Aug. 1, 1984 to Sept. 30. 1988. The results were as follows. 1. The mandibular fractures occured most frequently in the twenties(35%) and male were predominant (74.7%) than females. 2. The most frequent etiologic factor was traffic accident(34.3%). 3. The most common location of fracture was symphysis(37.1%). And angle(27.6%), condyle(25.7%), ramus(1.6%) were next in order of frequency. 4. In mandible fracture, they have an average 1.8 fracture line. 5. The use of plate & screw system were more increased in the comparison of each year. 6. Intermaxillary fixation period was more reduced from the concept of 6 weeks fixation, due to the use of Plate & screw system. 7. Postoperative acute wound infection was developed 9.6% in 219 mandibular fracture patients. The compression osteosynthesis was most common cause of acute wound infection than any other treatment method. 8. Postoperative malocclusion was developed 4% in 219 mandibular fracture. And the compression osteosynthesis was most common cause of malocclusion. 9. Acute wound infection was detailed by the approach method. The Intraoral & extraoral combination method was most common cause on acute infection and intraoral, extraoral approach method was next in order of frequency. 10. Normal mouth opening process was proportioned to IMF period. The short IMF period have a fast normal mouth opening process.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1154-1169
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 관찰 상황에서 초등학생들의 과학학습 동기체계(SL-BIS/BAS;과학학습 행동억제체계/행동활성화체계)에 따른 행동 특성을 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 신경생리학적 연구 방법 중 하나인 시선추적장치(Eye-Tracker)를 이용한 연구를 하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, SL-BIS에 민감한 학생의 경우 관찰 과제에 대한 총 시선고정 지속시간이 SL-BAS에 민감한 학생보다 유의미하게 짧았으며(p<.05), SL-BIS에 민감한 학생은 관찰과제에 대한 새로운 시선고정이 더 빈번하게 일어나면서 총 시선고정 횟수가 SL-BAS에 민감한 학생보다 유의미하게 많았다. 또한, 시선고정 당 지속시간은 SL-BIS에 민감한 학생보다 SL-BAS에 민감한 학생이 유의미하게 더 길었다. 둘째, 학습과제에서 주의를 이끄는 자극 중 하나인 변화 상황별 시선고정의 분포의 경우, 변화가 일어나는 상황에서는 SL-BIS에 민감한 학생과 SL-BAS에 민감한 학생 사이의 시선고정에서 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, 변화가 멈춘 상황에서는 SL-BIS에 민감한 학생에 비하여 SL-BAS에 민감한 학생의 시선고정 총 지속시간과 시선고정 당 지속시간이 유의미하게 길게 나타났다. 셋째, 실험 구인별 시선고정의 대상을 비교하였을 때 SL-BIS에 민감한 학생들은 실험에 중요하게 관련되지 않는 구인에서도 시선고정을 보인 반면, SL-BAS에 민감한 학생들은 실험과 관련된 구인에 시선을 고정하며 집중하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 관찰 상황에서 학생들의 과학학습 동기체계에 따른 특성에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 학습자의 특성에 적합한 지도 계획을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 1979

수년간(數年間) 계속배양(繼續培養)한 식물배양세포(植物培養細胞)와 근류균(根瘤菌)과의 질소고정(窒素固定)에서 그 mechanism을 알기 위(爲)하여 근류형성(根瘤形成) 및 감염과정(感染過程)을 알기 위(爲)해 연구하던 중 배양세포(培養細胞)에 단일균주(單一菌株) 및 혼합균주(混合菌株)의 접종(接種)에 의(依)한 Nitrogenase의 활성(活性)이 높은 것을 발견(發見)하였기에 그 차이(差異)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1. 단일접종(單一接種)에 있어서는 대두(大豆)에서의 Nitrogenase의 활성(活性)이 비(非)콩과 식물보다 대체적(大體的)으로 높았고, 혼합접종(混合接種)에 있어서는 비(非)콩과 식물에서 활성(活性)이 높았다. 2. 근류형성(根瘤形成) 및 Nitrogenase활성(活性)에 있어서의 특성(特性)인 host factor를 Callus에서는 대두중(大豆中) 북낭(北娘) 및 동양령(東洋鈴), 비(非)콩과 식물중에서는 Datura를 제외(除外)하고는 찾아볼 수가 없었다. 3. 균주별(菌株別)의 Nitrogenase활성(活性)은 비(非)콩과 식물에서는 012균주(菌株)가 콩과 식물인 대두(大豆)에서는 010, 023, 024균주(菌株)가 대체(大體)로 높았다.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2011년도 추계학술논문집 1부
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• pp.330-333
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• 2011

Allomatrix (Wright Medical Tech, Inc., USA), is a newly designed, injectable putty with a reliable demineralized bone matrix(DBM), derived from human bone. The compound contains 86% DBM and other bone growth factors such as bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$. It has excellent os-teoinduction abilities. In addition, DBM is known to have osteoconduction capacity as a scaffold due to its collagen matrix. This product contains a powder, which is a mix of DBM and surgical grade calcium sulfate as a carrier. A practitioner can blend the powder with calcium sulfate solution, making a putty-type material which has the advantages of ease of handling, better fixation, and no need for a membrane, because it can function as membrane itself. This study reports the clinical and radiographic results of various guided bone regeneration cases using Allomatrix, demonstrating its strong potential as a graft material.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2009

비장약량 또는 장약계수는 어떤 발파에서 파괴대상이 되는 암석의 총 부피 당 또는 총 무게 당 폭약 소비량으로 정의된다. 암석 톤당 또는 입방미터 당 폭약 소비량의 변화는 언제나 암질변화에 대한 좋은 지표가 된다. 광산현장에서는 통상 광석(ore) 톤당 폭약 소비량을 암석에 대한 발파 용이성의 척도로 사용하는 반면, 건설현장에서는 암석 입방미터 당 폭약 소비량을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 터널발파를 대상으로 하므로 건설현장에서 사용하는 비장약량의 정의를 채택하였다. 지금까지 다양한 터널발파 설계법들이 제안되어 있지만 이런 방법들을 현장에 적용하였을 때 잘 맞지 않는 경우가 많다. 그 이유는 무엇보다 각 나라나 지역별로 암질조건이 서로 상이하기 때문인 것으로 보이며, 이러한 문제는 발파의 설계자나 시공자에게 기술적으로 상당한 부담이 될 수도 있다. 그런데 만일 우리가 주어진 암석에 대한 적정 비장약량을 알고 있다면 발파설계가 매우 쉬워질 수 있을 것이다. 이런 측면에서 본 논문에서는 사전에 결정된 비장약량이 있는 경우 그 비장약량에 맞추어서 터널발파를 설계할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘은 터널단면 상의 다양한 영역에 서로 다른 구속도를 부여하는 개념을 토대로 하고 있으며, 기존에 알려진 터널발파 설계방법들과 조합하여 사용할 수 있는 경험적인 설계방법이다.