• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.205-209
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• 1995

A desmoid tumor is a locally aggressive growth of connective tissue origin which infiltrates the surrounding tissue and has a marked tendency for recurrence. And so it was also called as an aggressive fibromatosis, musculofascial fibromatosis or fibrosarcoma etc. Thirteen cases of desmoid tumor was treated since 1980, and their retrospective study was done with 79 months of follow-up after initial surgical excision. The female was involved in 12 cases(one male) with the age ranged from 7-50 years, average 28 years, and seven patients in third decade. A slowly growing mass was excised on average 4 months after first notice of the mass, but their margins are not demarcated clearly in most cases. Wide excision in 12 cases was done, but wide excision and saphenous vein graft was performed in one case because of invasion of posterior tibial artery by tumor mass. The tumor was found on extraabdominal region in 8 cases(61.5%) but 5 cases in abdominal wall(38.5%). The recurrence rate was high(6/13, 46.2%), and 11 times in 6 patients were recurred(average 1.8 times), within 27 months of initial excision. Six cases of recurrence were treated with wide excision again in 3 cases, wide excision combined with radiotherapy(4,000-6,000cGy) in 4 cases and wide excision with chemotherapy in one case. During the follow-up for average 21 months after treatment, no recurrences are found. Tumor remission periods without recurrence are average 67 months in all, and 11 years in longest case. Histologically it was very mimic with fibrosarcoma but could be differentiated with Trichrome stain, and their findings are not changed after recurrence.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.655-659
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• 2008

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) is a rare and poorly understood manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially in children. The characteristic clinical feature of IPO is obstruction without an identifiable obstructive lesion. The authors a 13-year-old girl whose first symptom of SLE was IPO. The patient presented with a 3-day history of nausea, bilious vomiting, abdominal distention, and no bowel movement. Simple abdominal radiographs revealed mild dilatation with partial air-fluid levels in the small intestine. Abdominal CT and methylcellulose small bowel studies showed massive ascites, engorgement of the small mesenteric vessels, pleural effusion, and diffuse bowel wall thickening of the gastric antrum, duodenum. and jejunum. The delayed passage of contrast for 15 days after the methylcellulose small bowel studies was suggestive of decreased bowel motility. Laboratory findings were positive for ANA, anti-double-stranded DNA, anti-Smith and lymphopenia. After 10-day treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, the symptoms improved. IPO associated with SLE should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Early recognition of IPO in SLE and appropriate therapy are important for prevention of complications and unnecessary surgery. This case raises awareness among pediatricians that although rare, IPO can be the presenting symptom of SLE in children.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.442-456
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• 2018

Scaled model tests were performed to evaluate the reinforcement effect of rock bolts in anisotropic rock mass. For this purpose, two tunnel cases were experimented which had different tunnel sizes, rock strengths, anisotropic angles and coefficients of lateral pressure. The fully grouted rock bolts of the D25 deformed bar were modeled as the basting pins with bead and were systematically installed at the roof and the side wall of the model tunnel. As results of the first case experimentations, the unsupported model showed initial crack at the roof of tunnel, but the supported model with rock bolts showed initial crack at the floor of tunnel where rock bolts were not installed. The crack initiating pressure and the maximum pressure of the supported model with rock bolts were 11% and 7% larger than those of the unsupported model, respectively. Moreover, the effect of the existing discontinuities in anisotropic rock mass on the fracture behavior of tunnel was reduced in the supported model, and so the reinforcement effect of rock bolt turned out to be experimentally verified. As results of the second case experimentations considering different support patterns, the crack initiating pressures of models were larger and the reduction ratios of tunnel area according to applied load were smaller as the length and the quantity of rock bolts were larger. Therefore, it was found that the performance of the rock bolts turned out to be improved as they were larger.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.178-188
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• 2015

This study has the main objective of being of help as a reference data for the application of the finishing materials when designing the interior of the chapel of the church space through analysis of the finishing materials against the chapels of church space which has complex function. As precedent studies for this, the composition of the function and concept of the church space was surveyed and the complex function of the church space was surveyed. The theoretical surveyed was performed according to the casual composition, behavior of the community and role and location of the duties of the church members. The case objects were 10 chapels constructed by 5 professional interior design companies. The content of the analysis was the finishing materials in the chapels and their application characteristics. The detailed considerations to be referred to when designing the interior of the chapels of church space in the future were proposed. The analysis result of the application of the finishing materials according to the locational function of the chapels of church space can be explained as follows. First, the platform area was the characteristic of applying finishing materials which induce visual immersion. As for the floor materials in the platform, in order to minimize the floor sound and vibration phenomenon occurring during movements, noise insulation and dust protection rubber sheet was place and on top of it the floor or the carpet was placed. Second, the Choir area had the difficult problem of having to consider the appropriate sound absorption occurring due to the proliferation of sound and performance of classical instruments at the same time. However, in the case, this problem was solved through the sculptures of convex shape. Third, since the scheelite is a space where many people move around, the finishing material which absorbs sound was mainly used. Fourth, the entrance area was composed of thick wall materials compared to other walls, and the sound absorption character was most significantly considered when applying the finishing material. Fifth, the broadcasting room was composed either in independent type or an open type and performed its function and the main finishing materials was transparent glass which was highest use frequency.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2011

Purpose: A rib fracture secondary to blunt thoracic trauma continues to be an important injury with significant complications. Unfortunately, there are no definite treatment guidelines for severe multiple rib fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the result of early operative stabilization and to find the risk factors of surgical fixation in patients with bilateral multiple rib fractures or flail segments. Methods: From December 2005 to December 2008, the medical records of all patients who underwent operative stabilization of ribs for severe multiple rib fractures were reviewed. We investigated patients' demographics, preoperative comorbidities, underlying lung disease, chest trauma, other associated injuries, number of surgical rib fixation, combined operations, perioperative ventilator support, and postoperative complications to find the factors affecting the mortality after surgical treatment. Results: The mean age of the 96 patients who underwent surgical stabilization for bilateral multiple rib fractures or flail segments was 56.7 years (range: 22 to 82 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1. Among the 96 patients, 16 patients (16.7%) underwent reoperation under general or epidural anesthesia due to remaining fracture with severe displacement. The surgical mortality of severe multiple rib fractures was 8.3% (8/96), 7 of those 8 patients (87.5%) dying from acute respiratory distress syndrome or sepsis. And the other one patient expired from acute myocardial infarction. The risk factors affecting mortality were liver cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, concomitant severe head or abdominal injuries, perioperative ventilator care, postoperative bleeding or pneumonia, and tracheostomy. However, age, number of fractured ribs, lung parenchymal injury, pulmonary contusion and combined operations were not significantly related to mortality. Conclusion: In the present study, surgical fixation of ribs could be carried out as a first-line therapeutic option for bilateral rib fractures or flail segments without significant complications if the risk factors associated with mortality were carefully considered. Furthermore, with a view of restoring pulmonary function, as well as chest wall configuration, early operative stabilization of the ribs is more helpful than conventional treatment for patients with severe multiple rib fractures.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.425-436
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• 2016

The Yakhyeon catholic church (Historic Site No. 252 in Korea) that was constructed in 1892 has been the first western brick structure to ever have existed and one of the most important historical materials in the Korean modern architecture. After a fire had broken out at the catholic church in 1998, the stained glass on the back wall, the slab glass (dalle de verre) introduced by Lee Nam Guy in 1974, was repaired in 1999 because of singe scorch and water leakage. An analysis of the coloration elements showed that yellow, red and green included Zn, K and Cd, respectively. The glass of red contained Se, dark green contained Mn and Cr, and blue contained Pb and S. According to material analysis, the masonry joint was identified dolomite ($CaMg(CO_3)_2$) and calcite ($CaCO_3$), which was observed plate, columnar, rhombic and square of crystalline particles. Meanwhile, ultrasonic velocity in the stained glass recorded low speed in the middle and lower right of the window (an average of 4,130 m/s). And the joint was measured the lowest physical properties of the top left and middle of the window (an average of 2,053 m/s). This study have showed that extensive physical damage was founded to the left and middle rather than the right side. In this respect, more research in needed to conserve the correlation between color and physical properties.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.293-304
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• 1997

The Wiener Werkstatte created the most avangarde textile designs in Europe at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. This study is to examine the distinctive characteristics of the textile design of the Wiener Werkstatte. The purpose of this study is to analyze the textile designs of the various designers who had contributed to shape the characteristics of the Wiener Werkstatte at various stages, and to catagorize the designs according to the subject matter, the design sources, the layout, the design principles, and the usages. The textiles of the first half of the Wiener Werkstatte are wovens for the homefurnishings. They were used as upolsteries. Wall coverings, and curtains in the commissioned buildings and houses which Hoffman designed and built in conjunction with the Wiener Werkstatte. The designs of this period have the simple and bold characteristics using less then three colors in a design. The subject matters used in the designs are firstly, stylized animals and plant forms; secondly, the purely geometric forms derived from the architural buildings. The textiles of the latter half of the Wiener Werkstatte put more emphasis on the printed textiles for the women's apparels. The textile designs of this period are categorized into four groups : firstly, the designs that stylized plant forms ; secondly, reinterpretational designs; thirdly, ethnic designs : and fourthly, the geometric art deco designs. The number of colors used in a design range up to 7 colors and all over, stripe, and ogee layouts are used.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.53-57
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• 2011

The present study has been carried out to analyze the flow characteristics of a heat recovery steam generator with the change of inlet flow conditions by using numerical flow analysis. The inlet of HRSG corresponds the outlet of gas turbine exit and the flow after gas turbine has strong swirl flow and turbulence. The inlet flow condition of HRSG should be included the exit flow characteristics of gas turbine. The present numerical analysis adopted the flow analysis result of gas turbine exit flow as a inlet flow condition of HRSG analysis. The computational flow analysis result of gas turbine exit shows that the maximum axial velocity appears near circular duct wall and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate exist relatively higher gradient region of axial velocity. The comparison of flow analysis will be executed with change of inlet turbulent flow condition. The first case is using the inlet turbulent properties from the result of computational analysis of gas turbine exit flow, and the second case is using the assumed turbulent intensity with the magnitude proportional to the velocity magnitude and length scale. The computational results of flow characteristics for two cases show great difference especially in the velocity field and turbulent properties. The main conclusion of the present study is that the flow inlet condition of HRSG should be included the turbulent properties for the accurate computational result of flow analysis.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a method that can compensate the geometric distortions of image caused from an arbitrary nonflat display surface(or wall) under the environment of portable overhead projector without a flat screen. In the proposed method, we first project a grid pattern to an arbitrary nonflat display surface and then derive an equation of straight line that represents the geometry relationship between the distorted grid pattern and the original grid pattern. Next, after determining the proper size of the original grid pattern according to the form of the display surface, we generate a compensation pattern from the derived equation of straight line, which can symmetrically compensate for the distorted image. Finally, we compensate for the geometric distortions of the projected image by segmenting the real image to be projected from portable overhead projector and prewarping it according to the compensation pattern. To evaluate the proposed method, we performed experiments of image compensation on inclined surface, bent surface and curved surface that are frequently occurred in the environment of portable overhead projector without a flat screen. From the experimental results, we found that the proposed method could be very effective in compensating for the general types of the geometric distortions of the projected images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2015

To assess the noise stress of shrimp farms reasonably, we need a noise observation data underneath the waters first. But, it did not collect yet and airborne noise transfers to water noise wave using transition calculation. In case of construction of solar energy without noise stress protection wall, the threshold values (140 dB) from circumstance of underwater noise exceed within 17m at $S_2$ (15m away from source) and $S_3$ (15m away from source). Considering additional way to decrease the construction noise, all cases including minimum mode(Case A), general mode(Case B), and maximum mode(Case C) meet the guideline of underwater noise for fish farms. In case of the underwater noise could affect the fish farm, it is necessary to understand about farming species such as shrimp, monitoring of present states, and protection way under the construction.