• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.769-778
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of profitability as a mediating variable in influencing firm value. This study uses a sample of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. The data used is panel data, with data analysis using multiple regression. Based on the Sobel test, profitability plays a role in mediating the effect of firm size on firm value. The effect of firm size on firm value is indirect, however, through profitability. Therefore, the market price of the shares of large-scale companies will increase if the resulting profitability is high. The capital structure and managerial ownership directly influence firm value. The results showed that managerial ownership and firm size had a positive effect on profitability, while capital structure had no effect on profitability. Capital structure and managerial ownership have a negative effect on firm value, while firm size and profitability have a positive effect on firm value. The main finding of this study is that profitability acts as an intervening variable in mediating the relationship between firm size and firm value.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.22
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

This paper investigates the relationships between exports, firm size, and firm dynamics. It is based on a longitudinal data covering listed firms in the Korean manufacturing industry. We found the stylized fact that the probability that a firm is exporter increases with firm size. A regression model for the determinant of export/sales ratio including dynamic adjustment process is tested on a cross-section sample for the year 2001. Empirical findings suggest that there is a positive and inversely U-shaped relationship between firm size and export/sales ratio, just for basic material and capital good industry. Except for firm size, the hypotheses concerning human capital intensity, physical capital intensity, R&D intensity, and patent are rejected. Using Granger causality test, we found that the rate of growth of total sales influences the change of the export/sales ratio with time lag for medium-sized firms. Finally, some policy implications are presented.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.169-186
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• 1999

This study empirically investigates innovative behaviors of the firm. In so doing, a Probit was employed and estimated. We used the raw data of the "corporate innovation survey"(CIS), which, in consent with OECD efforts, is regularly undertaken by the Science and Technology Policy Institute(SIEPI). The data set includes more than 3400 firms in the manufacturing sector. Three types of innovation, i.e., new product, product improvement and process innovation, are studied, assuming that determinants of innovation are firm′s age. number of employees as the size of firm, ratio of foreign ownership and innovation costs. To investigate the relationship between firm′s innovation behavior and the size, we estimate the Probit including the quadratic term of the firm size. Empirical findings showed that the sign of the quadratic term of the firm size turned out to be negative. It means that the probability of firm's making innovation shows the inversed-U relationship with the firm size. Such an empirical result may have a significant implication for the industrial policy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

This study examines the factors that affect firm's liquidity in manufacturing companies listed in Vietnam. Factors studied include the board size, the board independence, the firm size, the firm age, and its return. We use different metrics to measure firm's solvency status, including the cash ratio, the quick ratio, and the cash conversion cycle. Accordingly, three econometric models are built to test hypotheses proposed by researchers in order to explain the relationship between the five factors above and liquidity's measures. The study used the data set of manufacturing companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange in the period from 2015 to 2019. The final sample group comprises 139 firms with 633 observations. The results show that in manufacturing firms, while the cash ratio and the quick ratio are positively associated to the board size, the board independence, and the firm's profitability, the net operating cycle is negatively correlated to the board size, the firm size, the board independence, and the profitability. Therefore, larger firms with larger board size and more independent members can help to improve capital management efficiency.There is no evidence for the relationship between the firm age and solvency measurements, between cash conversion cycle and firm's profitability.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.30-57
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• 2019

Purpose - This study analyzes the effect of internationalization represented as exporting on firm performance on the subject of SMEs operating in Masan Free Trade Zone which has shown poor performance recently despite its status as the oldest and largest free trade zone in Korea. We also analyze the effect of firm size on firm performance, and the moderating role of firm size in relation to internationalization and firm performance. Design/methodology - This study uses multiple regression models for unbalanced panel data as the empirical tools for the estimation of the effect that internationalization has on firm performance (ROA or ROS). Our sample consists of 91 manufacturing SMEs among all 110 companies located in Masan Free Trade Zone as of 2017. Findings - The degree of internationalization has a negative impact on firm performance. However, firm size turns out to have a positive effect and play a positive moderating role in the relation to internationalization and firm performance. This seems to be because most tenant companies operating in Masan Free Trade Zone are small firms whose costs of internationalization may exceed the benefits. Empirical results also show that longer CEO tenure has a greater negative effect on firm performance. Originality/value - The originality/value of this paper can be found in 3 aspects. First, we conducted an empirical analysis on the relationship between the internationalization and firm performance of SMEs in a specific region, namely, Masan Free Trade Zone. Second, while most previous studies focused on listed medium companies, most of the sample of this study are small and medium non-listed enterprises. Third, it is witnessed that firm size has a positive moderating effect on the relation between internationalization and firm performance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.72-81
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• 2015

This paper studied the differences of the inventories asset turnover change ratio and several characteristics variable between large and small manufacturing firm group. Large and small firm group were determined based on number of labors and asset size. Several characteristics variable of firms such as assets size, sales growth rate, return on assets, leverage ratio, credit rating and age of firm were used to find out the differences of firm group. As a result, the inventory asset turnover change ratio of large firm was 5.16% and that of the middle and small firm was 9.3%. For the large firm, sales growth rate, ROA and credit rating affect inventory assets turnover change ratio. For the middle and small sized firm, Assets size, sales growth rate and credit rating affect inventory assets turnover change ratio. Using this result, we can say that manufacturing company need to consider their firm size and their characteristics to make their own operation strategy of inventory.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.171-177
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• 2011

This paper reviewed the relationship between internal marketing and incremental innovation, and the moderating effect of firm size. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, based on the responses from 322 employees in small business, showed that almost internal marketing factors effects positively on incremental innovation. All internal marketing factors(CEO support, compensation system, education & training, internal communication, authority delegation) appeared to be related positively with process innovation and service innovation. And all other factors(compensation system, education & training, internal communication, authority delegation) except CEO support showed to have positive relationship with operation innovation. In the moderating effects, internal communication effects more positively on incremental innovation in large firm-size than in small firm-size. But delegation effects more positively on incremental innovation in small firm-size than in large firm-size.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.117-123
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between earnings forecasts estimated from a cross-sectional earnings forecast model and firm characteristics such as firm size, sales volatility, and earnings volatility. Research design, data and methodology: The association between earnings forecasts and the aforementioned firm characteristics is examined using 214 firm-year observations with analyst following and 848 firm-year observations without analyst following for the period of 2011-2019. I estimate future earnings using a cross-sectional earnings forecast model, and then compare these model-based earnings forecasts with analysts' earnings forecasts in terms of forecast bias and forecast accuracy. The earnings forecast bias and accuracy are regressed on firm size, sales volatility, and earnings volatility. Results: For a sample with analyst following, I find that the model-based earnings forecasts are more accurate as the firm size is larger, whereas the analysts' earnings forecasts are less biased and more accurate as the firm size is larger. However, for a sample without analyst following, I find that the model-based earnings forecasts are more pessimistic and less accurate as firms' past earnings are more volatile. Conclusions: Although model-based earnings forecasts are useful for evaluating firms without analyst following, their accuracy depends on the firms' earnings volatility.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.154-160
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• 2012

This paper reviewed the two proposed hypotheses. The first hypothesis is to test the relationship between knowledge management and incremental innovation, and the second hypothesis is to test the moderating effect of firm-size on that relationship. Data were gathered from 434 employees in service industry, and multiple regression analysis was used to test two proposed hypotheses. In the first hypothesis, it was appeared that knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer have positive effects on all incremental innovation factors (process innovation, operation innovation, service innovation). In the second hypothesis, it was appeared that firm-size has an positive interaction effect on incremental innovation in knowledge transfer, but not in knowledge acquisition. It means that knowledge transfer has more positive effect on incremental innovation in large firm-size than in small firm-size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1990.04a
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• pp.344-354
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• 1990

Success in new product development is vital to most industrial firms. In recent decades, a firm's new product strategy is incresinglyrecognized as an essential component of the total corporate plan in developing countries. In this research, 81 Korean manufacturing firms are examined to identify the relationships between a firm's product innovation stratege and the performance results with special emphasis on firm size in a developing country. First, a total of 8 strategy dimensions were identified, which constitute the specific elements of firm's innovation strategies. Two independent dimensions of performance were also identified and were found to be closely linked to the strategy adopted. Then, a categorization scheme is developed to distinguish firms according to their size, and proves useful in performance results might be altered for different company size. The findings generally suggest that a well-balanced new product program emphasizing both marketing and technological effort appropriately is needed to make the program successful. The different size of the company is found to call for somewhat different strategy dimensions to enhance the performance results.