• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.2 s.62
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• pp.21-30
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• 2006

Since Daegu subway arson fire disaster in 2003, there have been several copycat crimes such as at Seoul Metro line number seven and Hongkong Chuiwan line cases. Oil and gas were used for fire propagation in most cases as in Daegu case and such fire could be expanded to a whole subway cabin within several minutes. The fire may eventually cause the whole subway system stop. Fire damage can be minimized when fire occurrence and diffusion are blocked by stages or isolated rapidly. This study suggests an effective early response system that separates passengers from fire and a real-time fire extinguishment program by stages. Based on the subway arson case studies, the early response scenario has been structured by three stages, i.e., confirmation of fire and damage, early fire extinguishment, and information dissemination and passengers evacuation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.49-54
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• 2001

Recently, intentional arsons for exploitation and wildland fire caused by abnormal change of weather are increasing as well as the damage scale due to such fire in the world. The number of such big wildland fire is also increasing in Korea these days. Fire prevention activity can be said as more important than fire putting-out activity after a fire occurrence for the most effective way to cope with wildland fire, and the research on wildland fire prevention system is what we need to do urgently, In this study I examined and analyzed the experiments and data about the factors influencing wildland fire and stated the dangerousness of each factor for all of the 6 factors and set up the general dangerousness rating applying each factor's contribution to the dangerousness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2011

In this study, we develop a fire stochastic simulation model by season based on the historical fire data in Korea. The model is utilized to generate sequences of fire events that are consistent with Korean fire history. We employ a three-stage approach. First, a random draw from a Bernoulli distribution is used to determine if any fire occurs for each day of a simulated fire season. Second, if a fire does occur, a random draw from a geometric multiplicity distribution determines their number. Last, ignition times for each fire are randomly drawn from a Poisson distribution. This specific distributional forms are chosen after analysis of Korean historical fire data. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) is used to estimate the primary parameters of the stochastic models. Fire sequences generated with the model appear to follow historical patterns with respect to diurnal distribution and total number of fires per year. We expect that the results of this study will assist a fire manager for planning fire suppression policies and suppression resource allocations.

• Geosystem Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.282-290
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• 2018

The onset of extreme fire behaviour in a mine drift with longitudinal ventilation was analysed. A fire in a mine drift with continuous fuel load, involving several separate fires may lead to flames tilted horizontally and filling up the entire cross section. This will lead to earlier ignition, higher fire growth rate, higher fire spread rate and a severe fire behaviour. The focus has been on what changes take place at the onset and signs of the impending phenomenon. It was found that the fire gas temperature at the ceiling level provided a poor indicator. At the downstream far-field region of the fire, the sudden temperature increase at the lowest levels of the cross section and the sudden increase in flow velocities would provide signs of extreme fire behaviour. The corresponding full-scale heat release rates of the experiments at the onset of extreme fire behaviour were found to be very high for mining applications but not necessarily for tunnel fires. The heat release rate threshold for a mine drift with smaller cross-sectional dimensions would decrease considerably, increasing the likelihood of occurrence. The distance between the fuel items will play an important role during the initiation of horizontal flames.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

This paper is basic study for development of an advanced photoelectric type smoke detector that has high reliability by reducing the occurrence of nuisance alarms. This paper was attempted to distinguish optical characteristics of the typical fire smoke particle and non-fire smoke particle. According to UL 268 standards, three types of test fires (the paper, the wood and the flammable liquid) were used in this paper for measurement of the fire smoke particles, and the water vapor and the cigarette smoke that were known as the main cause of the nuisance alarms were also used for the non-fire smoke particles. A smoke detection chamber was created, which was equipped with one light source and several light sensors for enabling simultaneous detection of light extinction and scattering, respectively. This paper analyzes the optical characteristics of each smoke particle using this chamber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.3 s.18
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

Establishing special fire flower sensor of automatic fire equipment in tunnel, it is informed perception, croaker suppression realization and danger occurrence item vehicles driver of tunnel entry verge and connection stream tube institution early stage. which must do to cope immediately. In this paper, quick disposal decides to examine about dictionary perception system that is possible method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.236-237
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• 2013

The fire safety design of performance is fire behavior inside buildings must be scientifically described and systemized as a theory, thereby allowing application to fire safety design of buildings. In this study, experiment of fire behavior according to disposition of combustibles were performed for correlation analysis between flashover and smoke production rate in building structure. As a result, smoke production rates is happened more than 80 m2/s in compartment(ISO 9705). Also, even if the fire load for flashover to if occur smoke did not, which confirmed that the delay time of occurrence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.103-104
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• 2022

In Korea, the occurrence and risk of similar fires are high, so setting up fire prevention measures through fire case investigation is considered the most basic measure in securing human safety. In particular, calculation of evacuation capacity in evacuation safety design of buildings is the most important factor that directly affects evacuation safety performance. However domestic standards is not consider about occupant characteristics. also the case of domestic, it has the problem that the law is partially applied when the fire safety design of buildings. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the current status and related regulations of the life safety code for the application of high fire risk buildings, and to analyze the difference in evacuation time through Case Study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2012

The range of special management target facilities is seperated by the building sector and the field of civil engineering. In the present study, the risk analysis was performed, related to fire occurred for the last five years, in the field of residential and non-residential facilities in buildings. Most of fire incidents occurred in residential and non-residential facilities was the cause of the electrical, and the resulting casualties were also very high. Therefore, based on the results, the risk evaluation index was developed, identifying the causes of fire occur and doing the fire vulnerability analysis for each facility. The result of this study can be utilized safety management to these facilities for the future, especially, inducing a more specialized and intensive safety management.

• Atmosphere
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.457-467
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• 2018

This study investigated the variability of spring (March-May) forest fire risk in Korea for the period 1991~2017 and analyzed its relationship with large-scale climate factors. The Forest Weather Index (FWI) representing the meteorological risk for forest fire occurrences calculated based on observational data and its relationship with large-scale climate factors were analyzed. We performed the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on the spring FWI. The leading EOF mode of FWI accounting for about 70% of total variability was found to be highly correlated with total number of forest fire occurrences in Korea. The high FWI, forest fire occurrence risk, in Korea, is associated with warmer atmosphere temperature in midwest Eurasia-China-Korea peninsula, cyclonic circulation anomaly in northeastern China-Korea peninsula-northwest pacific, westerly wind anomaly in central China-Korea peninsula, and low humidity in Korea. These are further related with warmer sea surface temperature and enhanced outgoing longwave radiation over Western Pacific, which represents a typical condition for a La $Ni\tilde{n}a$ episode. This suggests that large-scale climate factors over East Asia and ENSO could have a significant influence on the occurrence of spring forest fires in Korea.