• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

Recently risk management based on a quantitative assessment is considered to improve the level of safety in Korea. This paper focuses on the procedure of the quantitative risk assessment for natural gas pipelines. For that purpose, the methods to estimate failure frequency based on failure causes from European Gas Pipeline Incident Data Group and BG Transco, to analyze consequence caused by fire, and to calculate individual risk and societal risk have been proposed systematically in this paper. Risk criteria of individual risk and societal risk have been proposed by considering the environment of pipeline route in Korea. The proposed procedure of quantitative risk assessment may be useful for risk management during the planning and building stages of a new pipeline, and modification of buried pipeline.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.80-86
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• 2019

In Korea, a total of 556 chemical accidents occurred from 2012 to 2018 caused by adverse reactions of two or more chemicals, which required significant amounts of time to identify the causative chemicals. Rapid analysis is required for effective incident response and probing. In this study, a quantum transition time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used to identify the causative agents of chemical accidents caused by adverse reactions. The analyzer enabled fast real-time analysis without the need for sample collection and pretreatment. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of most volatile organic compounds with high hydrogen affinity was performed to investigate the cause of the chemical accidents. In fact, in the month of 201◯, methanol and toluene were detected as causative agents of the accident using a quantum transition time mass spectrometer, and were also the cause of the reported odor.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.86-92
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• 2004

We tested five specimens of each species at each of five constant external heat flux levels (10, 15, 20, 25. and 35㎾/㎡). An Cone heater was used to expose the wood specimens to the heat flux. The 100-by 100-by 50-㎜ specimens were of four species: Redwood, White oak, Douglas fir, Maple. In result of test, charring of wood exposed to a constant external heat flux can be considered a linear with function of time. As compared with the charring rates Redwood is most rapidly, but on the other hand Douglas fir is most slowly. When the external heat flux is 35㎾/㎡, the charring rate is rapidly about twice then 10㎾/㎡. Using the Equation (2), the estimates for u were 1.02, 1.16, 1.23, 1.32, and 1.44 for the 10, 15, 20, 25, and 35 kw/m2 constant external exposure levels, respectively.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.90-95
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• 2011

On April 20, 2010, a well control event allowed hydrocarbon (oil and gas) to escape from the Macondo well onto Deepwater Horizon (DWH), resulting in an exploration and fire on the rig. While 17 people were injured, 11 others lost their lives. The fire continued for 36 hours until the rig sank. Hydrocarbons continued to flow out from the reservoir through the well bore and blowout preventer (BOP) for 87 days, causing an unprecedented oil spill. Beyond Petroleum (BP) and the US federal government tried various methods to prevent the oil spill and to capture the spilled oil. The corresponding responses were very challenging due to the scale, intensity, and duration of the incident that occurred under extreme conditions in terms of pressure, temperature, and amount of flow. On July 15, a capping stack, which is another BOP on top of the existing BOP, was successfully installed, and the oil spill was stopped. After several tests and subsea responses, the well was permanently sealed by a relief well and a bottom kill on September 19. This paper analyzes the subsea responses and engineering efforts to capture the oil, stop the leaking, and kill the subsea well. During the investigation and analysis of subsea responses, information was collected and data bases were established for future accident prevention and the development of subsea engineering.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2011

The purpose of VDR capsule is to maintain a stored information securely and retrievably in the extreme environment like voyage incident. This study shows the modellings, the analyses and the experiments of the survivability test of penetration, high and low temperature fire. The capsule housing is used to protect capsule against penetration and the influences of its thickness are studied by the modelling and analysis of penetration using LS-DYNA. The phase change material and thermal insulation material are used to protect capsule against high and low temperature fire test. The thermal characteristics of various volume ratios of phase change material to thermal insulation material were conducted. Also the tests were conducted to confirm the structural and thermal reliability.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.69-77
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• 2017

In this paper, a disaster response scheme based on deep learning and augmented reality technology is proposed and a network resource reservation scheme is presented accordingly. The features of deep learning, augmented reality technology and its relevance to the disaster areas are explained. Deep learning technology can be used to accurately recognize disaster situations and to implement related disaster information as augmented reality, and to enhance disaster response capabilities by providing disaster response On-site disaster response agent, ICS (Incident Command System) and MCS (Multi-agency Coordination Systems). In the case of various disasters, the fire situation is focused on and it is proposed that a plan to strengthen disaster response capability effectively by providing fire situation recognition based on deep learning and augmented reality information. Finally, a scheme to secure network resources to utilize the disaster response method of this paper is proposed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-105
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to describe the current status of 119 EMT to violence experiences in Korea. Method : The number of 119 EMT in this study 2522. Self-administering questionnaire data were collected from April 27 to March 8 in 2009. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 program. Real number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficient was analyzed. Result : 119 EMTs experienced 95.32%-verbal insults, 61.54%-violence aggression, 60.51%- potential violence, 38.70%-physical assault. Within 30 days from the most recent period of violence experienced verbal insults and violence aggression-51.07%, potential violence and physical assault-48.41%. The patients(50.59%) and the patients and patient's carers(38.26%) proved to be violent offender. The main reason of violent act was drug or alcohol addiction(56.15%). Recent exposure to violence was 34.82% by 7 point reward of stress level. 5-point scale showed the average of experiences of violence. Response average of emotional reactions was 2.66 points and that of physical reaction was 2.18 points. Social reaction was 2.06 points. Conclusion : This study was based on the violence experience of 119 EMT. It is necessary to prevent the violence from emergency scene. So we proposed the preventive measure against violence as well as critical incident stress debriefing(CISD). Policy for CISD and stress management will be implemented in the near future in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to determine the experiences of the disaster response team 9 participants who participated in the disaster after the fire incident occurred in Jecheon Sports Center and their meaning and essence. Methods : Nine disaster response teams were the subjects of the study, and Individual in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were collected online between January 6 and April 30, 2021, from the software Zoom^TM. This study was conducted as a qualitative study by applying Giorgi's phenomenological experiential research method, which has an advantage in revealing the essential structure and meaning of experience. Results : Three major themes were derived from the study results: the stimulus through unfamiliar experiences, the grievances due to work environment and regional characteristics, and dullness resulting from hiding and enduring. The following 17 sub-themes were identified: learning through unfamiliar experiences, frustration due to unexpected circumstances, shock from unfamiliar experiences, doing my best in the present, confidence due to increased experience, disunified system, intervention of various interests, the atmosphere that puts responsibility on others, inactive help, unforgettable regional characteristics, working without time to settle, tolerating it in my own way, memories left in the unconsciousness, sudden suffering from memories that come to mind, movement in anxiety and tension, dullness, work with colleagues in the same situation. Conclusion : This study is meaningful in that it attempted to provide basic data in preparing a long-term strategy for effective policy direction and institutional protection based on the systematic mental health management of the disaster response team. Additionally, this study's results can be used as primary data for future research among Disaster Response Team.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.407-418
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• 2005

Some fifty survivors participated in the narrative therapy sessions from March 2003 to December 2004, and thirty cases were analyzed using the transcripts. Each participant's surviving story was summarized, and then interpreted and reinterpreted by the survivors themselves in collaboration with the researcher. The two main principles in narrative analysis were hermeneutical distanciation and hermeneutical circulation. Result and Conclusion: First, nursing involvement should play active roles from the early stages of disaster incidents. Specifically, emergency nursing and flexible coping plans are to be available according to the specific properties of each case. Secondly, it is necessary to try to understand the extreme emotional experiences of disaster survival. The horror and pain people feel at an incident cannot simply be generalized, and it requires that each case be approached individually to help stop social alienation. Thirdly, more constant and long-term studies are required to set up nursing strategies for disaster survivors. Forming a trusting relationship with survivors is basic, and formally registering as participants is necessary for continuous interventions. Fourthly, we should deeply appreciate the danger and complexity of modern society and understand the complex nature of disaster. Fifthly, interdisciplinary activities and studies are necessary in combination with various other fields to establish a framework of total nursing care for disaster incidents. Lastly, it is urgently necessary to educate families and friends of the survivors and the society as a whole about life after a disaster.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.464-470
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• 2010

Real estate transactions and real estate in harmony with the hospital and the relationship between the human being requested would improve the trade process, according to the fire, rather than deal with the accident occurred is often the relationship is deteriorating. The practice of real estate transactions in Korea in connection with real estate transactions, the system is very difficult to receive assistance, real estate and related transactions as well as the right to review the essential detail and accurate analysis is bound to be limits to. Therefore, a real estate transaction due to the damage prevention and compensation system to complement, brokerage transaction activity in the current real estate brokerage system problems to overcome real estate transactions incident root cause of one of the intellectual is the realtor system improve the quality and professionalism propose to raise.