• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2008

최근 대규모 및 초고층 복합 건물 화재에서 실시간 현장상황 파악 및 신속한 인명 구조와 구조대원의 안전한 생명 보장을 위하여 유비쿼터스 기반 첨단 방재시스템의 필요성이 증대되었다. 본 논문에서 초고층 건물 화재의 특성과 위험성을 분석하고 단순성과 확장성을 제공하는 효율적인 메쉬 라우팅을 이용한 피난유도 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 우리의 연구는 센서네트워크를 구축하여 초고층 건물의 화재 및 재난 발생시 실시간으로 화재 및 생존자 위치정보와 화재상황 정보를 감지하고 유도등과 연계한 메쉬 라우팅 알고리즘 기법을 이용하여 신속하고 안전한 피난경로를 제시한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2018

The law reflects the situation of the times, understands the society, and shows the will of the state and the community. The Means of Egress should be maintained from design to construction, supervision, as well as use, in order to protect the lives and property of the residents as well as the safe use of the facilities. However, Interior Architects are think that evacuation and safety regulations are complex elements that change frequently and may inhibit the idea of design. The purpose of this study is to propose a design method for the use of safe facilities in the interior architectural design on the evacuation regulations affecting the actual design by the IBC(the International Building Code) and NFPA(National Fire Protection Association) LSC (Life Safety Code). The research method is to investigate and analyze the provisions related to the evacuation of interior architecture in the US and to understand the current regulations and the evacuation regulations. We suggest to design method to the details of the hallway, corridors, aisle accessway, door way, exit path, In particular, the design of furniture, tables and chairs layout that could be obstacles to evacuation situations is presented.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.809-822
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• 2018

철도터널의 방재시설 설계 시 성능위주설계의 일환으로 화재위험을 정량적으로 평가하는 정량적 위험도평가기법이 도입되어 적용되고 있다. 그러나 각종 위험인자가 위험도에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 피난개시 시간지연(210~873초) 및 화재성장곡선(1량 화재, 1량 화재지속, 화재중첩)이 정량적 위험도 평가에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해서 모델터널(연장: 15 km, 경사도 1.5%, 단면적 $57m^2$, 단굴 양방향 터널)을 대상으로 위험도 평가를 수행하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 시나리오(270개)에 대한 분석결과, 사망자는 주로 화재연기의 이동방향과 동일한 방향으로 대피하는 경우가 발생하고 있으며, FED가 0.3을 초과한 후에는 최대 10분 이내에 최대인원이 사망하는 것으로 나타났다. 위험도가 비교적 낮은 범위에서는 피난연결통로간격 및 피난개시시간, 화재성장곡선이 위험도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나고 있으나, 위험도가 한계치에 도달하는 조건에서는 이들의 영향이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 본 연구에서는 피난연결통로의 간격이 1,500 m 이상인 경우에는 피난개시시간지연의 축소나 화재강도 및 화재지속시간의 감소효과가 거의 나타나지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2020

본 연구는 다중이용시설의 화재대피 상황에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 다중이용시설에 적합한 피난유도등 디자인을 제안하고자 하였다. 화재는 재난으로 임의묘사가 불가하여 다중이용시설의 대피상황을 이해하기 위한 동영상 분석을 진행하였다. 동영상 분석을 통해 다중이용시설 화재의 대피상황에서 기존 피난유도등의 문제점과 필요한 니즈를 파악할 수 있었고 이를 피난유도등 디자인에 반영하였다. 피난유도등 디자인 결과, 벽부형 유도등은 LED 배치구조를 달리하여 제품의 두께를 최소화 하였다. 천정형 유도등은 복잡한 구조의 복도에 추가적으로 설치할 수 있도록 형태를 보완하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 실제 피난유도등 제작에 사용되는 기준들을 바탕으로 디자인한 결과로 향후 실험측정과 전문가 자문을 통한 보완단계를 거쳐 실용화 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2017

This study compared evacuation effectiveness between the conventional school auditorium plan and a suggested hypothetical plan that was generated by a mathematical model, which is commonly applied in the field of industrial engineering. Recent school buildings became much more complicated in floor planning due to new social needs and modern curriculum than the old days. Nevertheless, architect's approach to floor composition in terms of fire emergency evacuation planning, still has no relation to optimized effective but relies more on an conventional school planning. Therefore, since school buildings are much more likely to be exposed to any fire related events than any other building types, emergency exit effectiveness based on spatial composition has to be seriously evaluated with a scientific method. The algorithm, which acquires the number of persons in each spatial type(node) per floor and the minimum physical distance between spatial types(arc), can propose the most optimized spatial layout per floor regarding emergency evacuation event. Consequently, this study evaluated school's fire exit effectiveness focusing on auditorium area with the scientific tool and suggested the most reliable spatial layout regarding possibile emergency evacuation event.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2016

This study compared evacuation effectiveness between the conventional school floor plan and a suggested hypothetical floor plan that was generated by a mathematical model that is commonly applied in the field of industrial engineering. Recent school buildings became much more complicated in floor planning due to the new educational system and modern curriculum than the old days. Nevertheless, architect's approach to floor composition in terms of fire emergency evacuation planning, still has no relation to optimized effective but relies more on a conventional school planning. Therefore, since elementary school buildings are much more likely to be exposed to any fire related events than middle school or high-school, emergency exit effectiveness based on spatial composition has to be seriously evaluated with a scientific method. The algorithm, which acquires the number of persons in each spatial type (node) per floor and the minimum physical distance between spatial types (arc), can propose the most optimized spatial compositing per floor regarding emergency evacuation event. Consequently, this study evaluated elementary school's fire exit effectiveness with the scientific tool and suggested the most reliable spatial composition per floor regarding possibile emergency evacuation event.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

Recently as the rapid increasing of the elderly, silver housing has grown up. Though much fire evacuation and safety law, fire accident is most dangerous problem in our society. So this study is the purpose to analyze evacuation safety in urban silver housing of floor planning by corridor types using human behavior simulation. The methodology of this study is 'Literature Review' and 'Simulation'. This study has been carried out on silver housing's definition, types, fire safety theory and relation law. To proof evacuation safety, this study measured escaping time, longest distance, and bottleneck counting using human behavior simulation. This study use game engine simulation program to analyze 6 corridor types experimental model. As the result of simulation, this study compare between ASET and simulation result. The result come down to 3 part. First, double loaded corridor type is the most dangerous on urban silver housing. Second, Safe shelter's location and number cause increasing of escaping time. Lastly escaping time is influenced by behavior of agent, bottle neck strike frequency.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2011

본 논문은 화재라는 특수한 상황에서 대피자를 로봇에 비유하여 퍼텐셜 필드 방식으로 최적의 대피 경로를 탐색하는 방식을 제안한다. 장애물은 화재가 발생된 위치를 나타내게 되며, 한정된 공간에서 센서를 통해 화재가 발생한 위치를 확인할 수 있어서 전역적인 탐색이 가능해진다. 건물 내에 설치된 화재 감지 센서와 복합 감지 센서로부터 상황 정보를 습득하여 무선으로 서버에 전송하면 퍼텐셜 필드 방식으로 최적의 대피 경로를 탐색하여 유도등을 대피 방향으로 동작시키며 스마트 폰과 같은 모바일 단말에 무선을 이용하여 대피 경로 정보를 표시할 수 있게 된다. 시뮬레이션 환경에서 제안한 화재 대피 알고리즘의 기능 및 성능 테스트를 통해 제안 알고리즘의 성능을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.91-118
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• 2019

Every year, many people are severely injured or lose their lives in accidents such as fire, chemical spill, public pandemonium, school shooting, and workplace violence. Research indicates that the fate of people in an emergency situation involving one or more hazards depends not only on the design of the space (e.g., residential building, industrial facility, shopping mall, sports stadium, school, concert hall) in which the incident occurs, but also on a host of other factors including but not limited to (a) occupants' characteristics, (b) level of familiarity with and cognition of the surroundings, and (c) effectiveness of hazard intervention systems. In this paper, we present EVAQ, a simulation framework for modeling large crowd evacuation by taking into account occupants' behaviors and interactions during an emergency. In particular, human's personal (i.e., age, gender, disability) and interpersonal (i.e., group behavior and interactions) attributes are parameterized in a hazard-impacted environment. In addition, different hazard types (e.g., fire, lone wolf attacker) and propagation patterns, as well as intervention schemes (simulating building repellent systems, firefighters, law enforcement) are modeled. Next, the application of EVAQ to crowd egress planning in an airport terminal under human attack, and a shopping mall in fire emergency are presented and results are discussed. Finally, a validation test is performed using real world data from a past building fire incident to assess the reliability and integrity of EVAQ in comparison with existing evacuation modeling tools.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.261-264
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• 2008

A guideline to complement safety problem of escape code at the fire controlling design stage was shown by comparing & analysing developed fire controlling countries such as US, UK, Japan, and etc. and appropriateness of improving legislations for building standard of escape code was examined by comparing & analysing escaping time with escape code simulation(SIMULEX, EXDOUS) as the guideline.