• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.722-727
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• 2018

현재까지 미세먼지에 대한 연구는 예측, 분석, 측정 등으로 나눠지는데, 주로 대기환경 분야에서 이루어져 왔다. 미세먼지는 대기질 인자와 기상인자 그리고 배출 등 여러가지 원인으로 인해 발생한다. 각 요소들이 미세먼지에 얼마나 많은 영향을 끼치는지 상관관계를 분석하는 것이 우선이라고 판단하였고, 이를 실험하였다. 이 상관 분석에는 기상청과 에어코리아를 통해 확보한 대기질 인자와 기상인자 데이터를 이용, IBM사의 SPSS라는 Tool을 사용하여 이루어졌다. 그 결과 각 대기질 인자와 기상인자들이 미세먼지 수치에 미치는 영향정도와 상관관계를 좀 더 명확하게 알 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는 미세먼지 수치와 영향요소 및 상관관계의 정확한 분석을 위해 상관분석 및 피어슨 상관계수로 결과를 나타낸다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Global Environmental Problems and their Health Consequences
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• pp.142-145
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to characterize background mass concentration of fine particle PM10 and metallic composition from September 2001 to August 2002 in comparison with a medium-sized city, Asan and a metropolitan city, Seoul. Annual mean PM10 concentrations in Asan and Seoul were 47.98 and $75.33\;{\mu}g\;/\;m^3$, respectively. The concentrations of PM10 were highest in spring season in both cities. The concentrations of measured metals except As and Pb in Asan were higher than those in Seoul. Yellow dust could affect the mass and metals concentrations of measured PM10 in Asan and Seoul. Relationship between measured metals concentrations showed that Si and Fe were associated with natural sources such as soil. Pb, Cu and Zn were closely related to urban anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustion. Especially, relationship between metals showed different association during yellow dust. Proper management for fine particles is warranted in Asan, considering the concentrations of metallic elements in fine particles in Asan were relatively higher than those in Seoul.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2020

외부의 환경적인 요인은 인간 건강에 많은 영향을 준다. 특히 요즘시대에 가장 중요한 맹점은 미세먼지이다. 미세먼지는 인간의 호흡기를 통해 흡입되면 폐 속에 깊이 침투되기 때문에 다양한 건강 문제를 발생시킨다. 우리의 생활주변 환경에서는 자동차와 사람이 통행할 수 있는 터널을 쉽게 볼 수 있다. 이번 연구에서는 서울 및 경기도 내의 보행 가능한 터널 7개를 무작위로 선정하여 터널 내부의 먼지 량과 비산 방사선량을 측정하여 먼지 량과 방사선량의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 측정방법은 날씨가 좋은날 (미세먼지수준: 0~30 ㎍/㎥)과 보통날 (미세먼지수준: 0~80 ㎍/㎥)을 선택하여 터널내부의 먼지 량과 방사선량을 각각이 측정하였다. 측정 결과는 미세먼지 수준이 적은 날 즉, 날씨가 좋은 날은 보행터널 중심에서 10-20 % 먼지가 증가되었으며 미세먼지의 수준이 보통인 날은 터널 초입보다는 터널 중심에서 20-30 % 의 먼지가 증가되는 결과를 얻었다. 반면에 방사선량의 터널 측정결과는 날씨에 의존하지 않고 터널 초입보다는 터널 중심에서 10-20 % 방사선량이 증가가 되는 것으로 측정되었다. 결론적으로 사람이 오랜 시간터널에 머무를 경우에는 비산 먼지와 비산 방사선에 주의를 기울여야한다. 따라서 빈번하게 일반인이 터널보행 시에 본인의 건강을 위해 PM2.5 이하의 필터 마스크 착용을 권고한다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.168-180
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• 2011

The variation of the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols in coexistence of the heavy Asian Dust and Haze observed from $15^{th}$ to $17^{th}$ March 2009 in Seoul was scrutinized through the mass and ion concentration observations and synoptic weather analysis. Although the ratio of PM1.0/PM10 was constant at 0.3 (which is typical during Asian Dust period in Korea) during the measurement period, both PM10 and PM1.0 mass concentrations were 3~6 times and 2~4 times higher than that of clear days, respectively. Water-soluble ion components accounted for 30~50% of PM10 and 50~70% of PM1.0 mass concentration. One of the secondary pollutants, $NO_3^-$ was found to be associated with $Ca^{2+}$ and $Na^+$ in coarse mode indicating that the aerosol derived from natural source was affected by anthropogenic pollutants. While the acidity of the aerosols increased in fine mode when the stagnation of weather patterns was the strongest (March $16^{th}$), the alkalinity increased in coarse mode when new air masses arrived with a southwestern wind after ending a period of stagnation (March $17^{th}$). In the selected case, SOR (Sulfur Oxidation Ratio, $nSO_4^{2-}/[nSO_4^{2-}+nSO_2]$) and NOR (Nitrogen Oxidation Ratio, $nNO_3^-/[nNO_3^-+nNO_2]$) values of ion components were higher than the general values during Asian Dust period. These results imply that dust aerosols could be mixed with pollutants transported from China even in heavy Asian Dust cases in Korea.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2002

The concentrations of three different fractions of particulate matters including PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were compared between the Asian Dust (AD) and non-AD (NAD) periods during the spring season of 2001. For the purpose of this comparative analysis, the data sets were obtained from four different observatory sites located within the city boundary of Seoul that concurrently measure those three fractions of PM at hourly intervals. According to our study, several conclusions can be drawn to describe relationships between the AD event and PM distribution characteristics. First of all, it is apparent that the concentrations of PM are distinctively distinguished between AD and NAD. If the extent of contribution to the AD events are assessed on the quantitative basis, it appears that their magnitude increases on the order of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP. As a result, the increase of PM observed during AD event is dominated by the coarse rather than fine fraction of PM. Moreover, when their relationships were assessed in terms of fractional ratios, it was found that TSP/PM10 ratios were almost constant, regardless of the occurrences of AD. On the other hand, the coarse/fine or TSP/PM2.5 ratios changed dramatically between AD and NAD periods. The results of our analysis cleary distinguishes quantitative role of each PM fraction between AD and NAD period, while suggesting indirectly the possible control of source processes on such relationships.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2009

The Asian dust storms which originated in the deserts of Mongolia and China transported particles to Korea and led to a high concentration of atmospheric particulate matters (PM) of more than $1000{\mu}g/m^3$ throughout the country in the spring, of 2007. Public concern, in Korea, about the possible adverse effects of these dust events has increased, as these dust storms can contain various air pollutants emitted from heavily industrialized eastern China. The objectives of this study were to understand the concentration characteristics of PM as a function of particle size between the Asian dust storm episodes and non-Asian dust period and to consider the mass size distribution of PM in the Asian dust storms and their water soluble ion species on the potential, possible effects on deposition levels in the three regions (nasopharyngeal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar) of the human respiratory system. The size distribution of PM mass concentration during the Asian dust storms showed a peak in the coarse particle region due to the long-range transport of soil particles from the deserts of Mongolia and China, which was identified by HYSPLIT-4 model for backward trajectory analysis of air arriving in the sampling site of Iksan. During the non-Asian dust period, there were two different types in PM size distribution: bimodal distribution when low concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$ were observed, while unimodal distribution having a peak in fine particle region when high concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$ were showed. This unimodal distribution with high concentrations of fine particulate and secondary air pollutants such as ${SO_4}^{2-}$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${NH_4}^+$ was found to be due to the long-range transport of air pollutants from industrialized eastern China. During the Asian dust storms, the mean concentrations of PM that can be deposited in the nasopharyngeal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar region were $128.8{\mu}g/m^3$, $216.5{\mu}g/m^3$, and $89.6{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. During the non-Asian dust period, the mean concentrations of PM that can be deposited in the nasopharyngeal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar region were $8.4{\mu}g/m^3$, $9.5{\mu}g/m^3$ and $38.5{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.218-236
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• 2023

본 연구는 다중 스케일 지리가중회귀(MGWR: Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression) 모형과 KT(Korea Telecom Corporation) 측정기 자료를 활용하여 대구시를 사례로 미세먼지(PM10)에 대한 환경적 형평성을 분석하였다. 미세먼지를 측정하기 위한 기존의 국가 측정망 자료는 넓은 지역에서 드물게 분포하는 적은 수의 관측지점에서 수집된다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 많은 수의 관측지점이 조밀하게 분포하는 KT 측정기 자료를 본 연구에서 사용하였다. MGWR 모형은 미세먼지의 농도와 사회경제적 변수 간의 공간적 관계에 있어서 공간적 이질성과 다중 스케일 맥락 효과를 다루기 위하여 사용되었다. 분석 결과에 의하면, 대구시에서 지가 및 외국인 비율과 관련하여 미세먼지의 분포에 따른 환경적 불형평성이 나타났다. 또한, MGWR 모형이 미세먼지의 농도와 사회경제적 변수 간의 공간적 관계를 설명하는데 있어서 OLS(Ordinary Least Square: 최소자승법)와 GWR(Geographically Weighted Regression: 지리가중회귀) 모형 보다 나은 설명력을 보였다. 본 연구는 미세먼지를 측정하기 위한 기존의 국가 측정망 자료의 보완자료로서 KT 측정기 자료의 가능성을 논증하였다.

• 대기
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2012

The Asian dust (Hwangsa) forecasting model, Asian Dust Aerosol Model (ADAM) has been modified by using satelliate monitoring of surface vegetation, which enables to simulate dusts occuring not only in springtime but also for all-year-round period. Coupled with the Unified Model (UM), the operational weather forecasting model at KMA, UM-ADAM2 was implemented for operational dust forecasting since 2010, with an aid of development of Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for usage UM. The performance analysis of the ADAM2 forecast was conducted with $PM_{10}$ concentrations observed at monitoring sites in the source regions in China and the downstream regions of Korea from March to December in 2010. It was found that the UM-ADAM2 model was able to simulate quite well Hwangsa events observed in spring and wintertime over Korea. In the downstream region of Korea, the starting and ending times of dust events were well-simulated, although the surface $PM_{10}$ concentration was slightly underestimated for some dust events. The general negative bias less than $35{\mu}g\;m^{3}$ in $PM_{10}$ is found and it is likely to be due to other fine aerosol species which is not considered in ADAM2. It is found that the correlation between observed and forecasted $PM_{10}$ concentration increases as forecasting time approaches, showing stably high correlation about 0.7 within 36 hr in forecasting time. This suggests the possibility that there is potential for the UM-ADAM2 model to be used as an operational Asian dust forecast model.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2021

Roadside greenery in the city is not only a means of reducing fine dust, but also an indispensable element of the city in various aspects such as improvement of urban thermal environment, noise reduction, ecosystem connectivity, and aesthetics. However, in studies dealing with the effect of reducing fine dust through trees in existing urban spaces, microscopic aspects such as the adsorption effect of plants were dealt with, structural changes such as the width of urban buildings and streets, and the presence or absence of trees, Impact studies that reflect the actual form of In this study, the effect of greenery composition applicable to urban space on PM2.5 was simulated through the microclimate epidemiologic model ENVI-met, and field measurements were performed in parallel to verify the results. In addition, by analyzing the results of fine dust background concentration, wind speed, and leaf area index, the sensitivity to major influencing variables was tested. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the fine dust reduction effect was the highest in the case with a high planting amount, and the reduction effect was the greatest at a low background concentration. Based on this, the cost of planting street green areas and the effect of reducing PM2.5 were compared. The results of this study can contribute as a basis for considering the effect of pedestrian space on air quality when planning and designing street green spaces.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2021

최근 국가 관측망, 기업 공기 측정기 등을 통해 많고 다양한 기상 데이터가 수집되고 있다. 기계학습 기법을 통해 기상 예측하려는 노력이 곳곳에서 이루어지고 있으며, 국내 미세먼지는 농도가 증가해오고 사람들의 관심이 높아 가장 관심있는 예측 대상 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 서울시 전역에 설치된 840여 개실외공기측정기 데이터를 사용하여 PM10·PM2.5 예측 모형을 비교하고자 한다. 5분 뒤 미세먼지 농도 예측을 통해 실시간으로 정보를 제공할 수 있으며, 이는 10분·30분·1시간 뒤 예측 모형 개발에 기반이 될 수 있다. 잡음 제거, 결측치 대체 등의 데이터 전처리를 진행하였고, 시·공간 변수를 고려할 수 있는 파생 변수를 생성하였다. 모형의 매개변수는 반응 표면 방법을 통해 선택하였다. XGBoost, 랜덤포레스트, 딥러닝(Multilayer Perceptron)을 예측 모형으로 사용하여, 미세먼지 농도와 예측값의 차이를 확인하고, 모형 간 성능을 비교하고자 한다.