• 산학경영연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.153-183
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• 2004

해외진출을 목적으로 바다를 건넌 인류 최초의 민족인 수메르인과 견줄만한 우리나라의 해외진출 선봉장으로서는 고려시대 때 세계에 그 명성을 떨쳤던 개성상인을 꼽는다. 개성상인은 조선초기에 사무역(私貿易)의 형태에서 조선중기에는 관무역(官貿易)뿐만 아니라 밀무역 등으로 해외진출을 진행했으며, 18세기 이후에는 대(對)중국무역과 대(對)일본무역으로 활발한 무역활동을 펼쳐왔던 거상이다. 국제경제 및 정치의 급격한 변화와 기타 특수한 상황 등의 위험을 감소시키기 위해 해외에 생산, 판매, 연구개발 법인을 설립하거나 현지기업과의 합작투자, 인수합병, 전략적 제휴 등을 통한 해외진출의 필요성이 대두되었다. 본 연구에서는 탁월한 상술과 상혼을 밑거름으로 한 개성상인들의 해외진출과 그 정신을 계승 발전한 현대기업들((주)태평양, 한일시멘트공업(주), (주)신도리코)의 해외진출 사례를 비교 분석하였다. 이러한 비교분석의 목적은 현대기업이 개성상인의 경영활동을 밑바탕으로 내실있는 기업으로 성장하였다는 사실을 증명하는데 있다. 연구가설을 설정하고 검증한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 내릴 수 있다. 첫째, 개성상인과 현대기업들은 모두 마케팅, 생산기술, 연구개발, 인적자원관리/개발 등의 공통된 기능별 경영핵심역량이 존재하여 성공적인 해외진출의 원동력이 되었다. 둘째, 개성상인과 현대기업에는 국제화를 위한 공통된 조직상의 핵심역량이 존재하여 해외진출을 성공적으로 이끌었다. 셋째, 개성상인과 현대기업에는 기획 재무 회계 MIS 등으로 구성되는 공통된 하부조직활동이 존재하여 성공적인 해외진출의 기반이 되었다. 넷째, 개성상인과 현대기업에는 경영이념 경영철학 등과 같은 공통된 조직문화가 존재하여 성공적인 해외진출의 근본이 되었다. 연구상의 한계점이 있었지만, 사례분석에 의하면 전통적인 한국인의 정서를 대변하는 개성상인들의 상업활동은 현재까지 부분적으로 한국기업경영에서 그 맥락을 이어가고 있다. 이러한 개성상인의 정신이 계승된 현대기업의 경영철학을 기반으로 하는 가치관과 행동양식은 향후 한국적 경영학의 정체성을 찾고, 확립하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2007

The study carried out a survey with employees of hospitals located in Daejeon, Chungnam, and Chungbuk from Sep. 12 to Sep. 30, 2005 in order to derive primary elements that affect the improvement of hospital's competitiveness. The study investigated and analyzed the employees' recognition on the change of competitive environment caused by the change of medical environment. The study also analyzed the elements that affect the hospital's competitiveness and the competitive strategies of the hospitals. The conclusion of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. Summary 1) Most of the employees responded that there is a rival in the competitive environment and the competitive is intense. Especially when the employees are married, live in urban areas, have an education level of university graduate or are managers, they tend to think the competitive is very intense. Also, they said that the competitive is based upon the quality of medical service. They mentioned the element that has the biggest effect on the competitiveness is the element of medical consumer and they recognized that the medical services in university and general hospitals have more competitiveness than the one-department hospitals. 2) It was investigated that the medical technique service has the most effect on the hospital's competitiveness. Also, the external service of medical techniques also has a large effect on the hospital's competitiveness. 3) When they were asked for the factors that affect the patients' decision on selecting a hospital, most of them responded "capability and technique of the medical staffs." Also, they said that "sufficient explanation from doctors" and "special center and clinic" are the factors that have big effects on the patients' decision. 4) In the SWOT analysis, most of them responded that the strength is the hospital's characteristics and the weakness is insufficient and obsolete equipment. They said the opportunity is the demands for professional medical service and the risk is the intense competitive among the hospitals. 5) In the SWOT strategy, they emphasized the strategy that uses the opportunity and the strength and the strategy that uses the opportunity while overcoming the weakness. 6) As for the basic competition strategy, most of them thought of the strategy of professionalizing the medical service most importantly. Next, they focused on the strategy of distinct service and the strategy of lower prime cost. 2. Conclusion 1) Because service competition between hospitals is happening seriously, need competitiveness security through right awareness transfer and satisfaction upgrade about medical consumer. 2) For medical technique service upgrade that equip Hospital's competitiveness but affects most, must solidify the countermeasure because professionalizing the medical service and newest medical technique induction should be achieved first, and compose task force for the external service of medical techniques improvement. 3) To improve SWOT of hospital, opportunity and the strength strategy choice that rescue hospital's characteristics heightening professionalizing the medical service level is fancied. 4) As for the basic competition strategy, will have to try in phase triangular position of hospital which is trusted medical level upgrade and excellent manpower security and finance independence through upgrade. The study was only done with hospitals in Daejeon, Chungnam and Chungbuk. Also, it is a study from the side of suppliers of medical service so there are limitations. However, the significance of the study is to present the basic data for improvement of hospital's competitiveness by examining the importance of medical techniques and external service of medical techniques that are the main effects on the improvement of hospital's competitiveness.