• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2000

석탄회는 기포에 잘 부착되는 미연탄소 성분의 입자와 기포에 부착되지 않는 산화광물 성분의 입자로 구성되어 있으므로, 석탄회입자를 수중에 부유시킨 상태에서 기포를 발생시키면 미연탄소와 산화광물질 입자를 각각 분리할 수 있다. 분리된 이들 두 종류의 입자들은 건축용 재료, 화장품, 섬유 및 반도체의 충진제(Filler), 흡착제, 야금용 탄소 등과 같이 고부가가치 원료로 활용이 가능하다. 본 연구는 부유선별법에 의해 구성된 향류컬럼부유분리장치를 이용하여 혼합입자인 석탄회 입자를 효율적으로 분리하고자 하는 것인데, 분리특성은 기포와 혼합입자의 특성에 따라 결정된다. 기포의 특성에 대한 연구는 장치의 설계와 밀접한 관련이 있기 때문에 선행연구에서 충분히 이루어졌으나 혼합입자의 특성에 따른 분리효율 평가에 관한 연구는 수행되지 않고 있다. 혼합입자인 석탄회가 분리에 미치는 특성을 파악하기 위해 석탄회 입자의 질량중앙직경이 23, 95, 190$mu extrm{m}$일 때, 미연탄소의 함량이 7, 11, 20%일 때에 각각의 분리효율을 분석하였다. 그 결과 공급되는 석탄회 입자의 크기가 작을수록,미연탄소 함량이 작을수록 분리효율이 증가하였다. 즉 포수제 투입량이 8$\ell$/ton-fa로 같은 조건에서 미연탄소 함량이 7%와 20%인 경우 분리효율은 각각 86%와 74%로 분석되었으며 질량중앙직경이 23$mu extrm{m}$와 190$\mu\textrm{m}$ 일 때 분리효율은 각각 74%와 39%로 분석되었다. 결국 석탄회에서 소수성인 미연탄소의 함유량이 증가할수록 분리효율은 감소하는 반면 입자의 크기가 작을수록 기포와의 부착성능이 향상되어 분리효율은 향상되는 것으로 분석되었다.ta$/$\beta$/$\gamma$/$\alpha$/$\alpha$/$\beta$]r 배향각을 갖는 적층판을, 일반기술자들이 이해하기 쉬운 본 논문의 방법으로 해석하는 방법을 제시하고 기술자들의 참고자료로 사용될 수 있는 여러 가지 경우에 대한 고유진동수의 계산결과가 제공되고 있다. 고유진동수의 계산결과가 제공되고 있다. 사료된다.거나 둔화되는 것으로 분석된다.으로 분석된다..리학적 부하량이 2 $m^3$/$m^2$/min 일때, 2 kg 02 kg $O_2$/kW-hr의 가장 높은 표준에어레이션효율을 나타내었다. 위의 두 실험 결과에 따라 packed column 에어레이터에서 발포스티로폼 입자를 산소전달 매질로 이용하여 산소 전달률을 증가시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.i, Cu, Y, Nb, La, Nd, Pb, Th in excess of 10 ppm. Relatively high amount of most trace elements were detected in the Hwangto. The major and minor chemical compositions of the Hwangto were different depending on the types of host rocks. However, their difference was in the similar range compared with the compositions of host rocks. electron acceptor triggers sensory transduction processes in B. japonicum.t

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.332-340
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• 2001

Flowable composite resin has lower filler content, increased flow, and lower modules of elasticity. It is suggested that flowable composite resin can be bonded to the tooth structure intimately and absorb or dissipate the stress. Therefore, it may be advantageous to use flowable composite resin for the base material of class II restoration and for the class V restoraton. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage and shear bond strength of four flowable composite resins (Aeliteflo, Flow-It, Revolution, Ultraseal XT Plus) compared to Z100 using Scotchbond Multi Purpose dentin bonding system. To evaluate the microleakage, notch-shaped class V cavities were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of 80 extracted human premolars and molars on cementum margin. The teeth were randomly divided into non-thermocycling group (group 1) and thermocycling group (group 2) of 40 teeth each. The experimental teeth of each group were randomly divided onto five subgroups of eight samples (sixteen surfaces). The Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and composite resin were applied for each group following the manufacturer's instructions. the teeth of group 2 were thermocycled five hundred times between 5$^{\circ}C$ and 55$^{\circ}C$. The teeth of group 2 were placed in 2% methylene blue dye for 24 hours, then rinsed with tab water. The specimens were embedded in clear resin, and sectioned longitudinally with a diamond saw. The dye penetration on each of the specimen were observed with a stereomicioscope at $\times$20 magnification. To evaluate the shear bond strength, 60 teeth were divided into five groups of twelve teeth each. The experimental teeth were ground horizontally below the dentinoenamel junction, so that no enamel remained. After applying Scotchbond Multi-Purpose on the dentin surface, composite resin was applied in the shape of cylinder. The cylinder was 4mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness. Shear bond strength was measured using Instron with a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min. After shear bond strength measurement, mode of failure was evaluated with a stereomicroscope at $\times$30 magnification. All data were statistically analyzed by One Way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls method. The correlation between microleakage and shear bond strength was analyzed by linear regression. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. In non-thermocycling group, the leakage value of Z100 was significantly lower than those of flowable composite resins at the enamel and dentin margin, margin, except that Revolution showed the lower leakage value than that of Z100 at the dentin margin (p<0.05). 2. In thermocycling group, the leakage values of Z100 and Ultraseal XT Plus were lower than those of other subgroup at the enamel and dentin margin, except that Flow-It showed the lower leakage value than that of Ultraseal XT Plus at the dentin margin (p<0.05). 3. The leakage value of Z100 and Ultraseal XT Plus in thermocycling group were not higher than that in non-thermocycling group at the enamel margin. The leakage value of Z100 in thermocycling group was not higher than that in non-thermocycling group at the dentin margin (p<0.05). 4. As for the shear bond strength measurement, there were no statistically significant differences among groups (p<0.05). The shear bond strengths given in descending order were as follows: Z100(16.81$\pm$2.98 MPa), Flow-It(14.8$\pm$4.43 MPa), Aeliteflo(14.34$\pm$3.69 MPa), Revolution(13.46$\pm$4.23 MPa), Ultraseal XT Plus(12.83$\pm$3.16 MPa). 5. Failure modes of all specimens were adhesive failures. 6. There was no correlation between microleakage and shear bond strength.