• 공업화학
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.894-900
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• 1998

탄소섬유 복합재료의 층간전단 강도의 손상없이 충격강도를 향상시키기 위하여 반응성을 가진 유연한 고분자 물질 (MVEMA(poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride)) 및 EMA (poly(ethylene-co-maleic anhydride)) 전착을 이용하여 탄소섬유와 에폭시 기지재료 사이에 계면상으로 도입하는 방법을 고려하였다. 따라서 계면상 물질의 MVEMA 및 EMA의 탄소섬유에의 전착수율에 대한 공정변수의 영향을 체계적으로 평가하였다. 염기성 수용액상에서 anhydride기를 가진 고분자의 전착 메카니즘은 -OH기의 공격에 의한 $RCOO^-$기의 생성에 기인함을 적외선 분광분석으로 확인하였다. 농도, 전류밀도, 반응시간의 증가에 따라 전착수율이 증가하였으며, 과도한 산소 버블의 발생은 전착된 고분자를 탈착시켜 수율을 감소시켰다. 흐르는 물에서 세척을 할 경우 탄소섬유와의 결합력이 없는 전착고분자는 쉽게 제거되어 0.5 wt% 정도의 전착 고분자만 잔류하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.567-585
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with a novel strengthening system. Concrete beams were strengthened with a hybrid retrofit system consisting of high strength steel cords impregnated in an inorganic fireproof matrix (Geopolymer). The strengthened reinforced concrete beams along with non-strengthened control beams were tested monotonically under four point bending loading conditions. Moreover, an analytical model is introduced, that can be used to analyze the flexural performance of the strengthened beams. The experimental results indicate that the failure of the strengthened beams was based on the yielding of the reinforcement in the tension face of the beams, followed by a local slippage of the steel cords. The flexural stiffness of the strengthened beams was significantly improved compared to the stiffness of the non-strengthened beams. In conclusion, the strengthening system can provide an effective alternative to commercially available systems.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.411-427
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• 2016

While the cyclic behaviour of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-confined columns is studied rather extensively, the cyclic response especially the energy dissipation of FRP-confined damaged and undamaged square RC columns is not yet fully understood. In this paper, an experimental and numerical investigation was conducted to study the cyclic behavior of two different types of Carbon FRP (CFRP)-confined square RC columns: strengthened and repaired. The main variables investigated are initial damage, confinement of CFRP, longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio. The experimental results show that lower initial damage, added confinement with CFRP and longitudinal reinforcement enhance the ductility, energy dissipation capacity and strength of the columns, decrease the stiffness and strength degradation rates of all CFRP-confined square RC columns. Two hysteretic constitutive models were developed for confined damaged and undamaged concrete and cast into the non-linear beam-column fiber-based models in the software Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees) to analyze the cyclic behavior of CFRP-confined damaged and undamaged columns. The results of the numerical models are in good agreement with the experiments.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.409-426
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• 2018

This paper presents the strengthening of tubular joint by wrapping Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). In this study, total number of layers, stacking sequence and length of wrapping are the different parameters involved when fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) composites are used for strengthening. For this, parameters where varied and results were compared with the reference joint. The best stacking sequence was identified which has the highest value in ultimate load with lesser deflections. For determining the best stacking sequence, numerical investigation was performed on CFRP composites; length of wrapping and number of layers were fixed. Later, the studies were focused on CFRP and GFRP strengthened joint by varying the total number of layers and length of wrapping. An attempt was done to propose a parametric equation from multiple regression analysis, which can be used for CFRP strengthened joints. Hashin failure criteria was used to check the failure of composites. Results revealed that FRP was having a greater influence in the load bearing capacity of joints, and in reducing the deflections and stresses of joint under axial compressive loads. It was also seen that, CFRP was far better than GFRP in reducing the stresses and deflection.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2006

This study has examined the flexural properties of natural and chemically modified coir fiber reinforced cementitious composites (CFRCC). Coir fibers of two different average lengths were used, and the longer coir fibers were also treated with a 1% NaOH solution for comparison. The fibers were combined with cementitious materials and chemical agents (dispersant, defoamer or wetting agent) to form CFRCC. The flexural properties of the composites, including elastic stress, flexural strength, toughness and toughness index, were measured. The effects of fiber treatments, addition of chemical agents and accelerated ageing of composites on the composites' flexural properties were examined. The results showed that the CFRCC samples were 5-12 % lighter than the conventional mortar, and that the addition of coir fibers improved the flexural strength of the CFRCC materials. Toughness and toughness index, which were associated with the work of fracture, were increased more than ten times. For the alkalized long coir fiber composites, a higher immediate and long-term toughness index was achieved. SEM microstructure images revealed improved physicochemical bonding in the treated CFRCC.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2016

In the present paper, glass fibers are substituted partially with monofilament fishnet and polyester matrix for making the composites. The composite specimens were prepared in accordance with ASTM for analyzing the flexural strength and dynamic mechanical properties. Furthermore, machinability revealed the interaction of glass fiber and partial substituted monofilament fishnet fiber with the matrix. Fiber pullouts on the fractured specimen during the physical testing of the composites are also investigated by COSLAB microscope. The results reveal that the fishnet based composites have appreciably higher flexural properties. Furthermore, the glass fiber, woven roving and fishnet composite has more storage modulus and significant mechanical damping. The composite specimens were fabricated by hand lay-up method. Hence, these composites are the possible applications to develop the value added products. The results of this study are presented.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.207-230
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• 2012

Full-scale shake table seismic experiments and low-amplitude vibration tests on a masonry building are carried out to assess its seismic performance as well as study the effectiveness of a new multifunctional textile material for retrofitting masonry structures against earthquakes. The un-reinforced and the retrofitted with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) strips masonry building was subjected to a series of earthquake excitations of increasing magnitude in order to progressively induce various small, moderate and severe levels of damage to the masonry walls. The performance of the original and retrofitted building states is evaluated. Changes in the dynamic characteristics (lowest four modal frequencies and damping ratios) of the building are used to assess and quantify the damage states of the masonry walls. For this, the dynamic modal characteristics of the structure states after each earthquake event were estimated by performing low-amplitude impulse hammer and sine-sweep forced vibration tests. Comparisons between the modal results calculated using traditional accelerometers and those using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors embedded in the reinforcing textile were carried on to investigate the reliability and accuracy of FBG sensors in tracking the dynamic behaviour of the building. The retrofitting actions restored the stiffness characteristics of the reinforced masonry structure to the levels of the original undamaged un-reinforced structure. The results show that despite a similar dynamic behavior identified, corresponding to reduction of the modal frequencies, the un-reinforced masonry building was severely damaged, while the reinforced masonry building was able to withstand, without visual damage, the induced strong seismic excitations. The applied GFRP reinforcement architecture for one storey buildings was experimentally proven reliable for the most severe earthquake accelerations. It was easily placed in a short time and it is a cost effective solution (covering only 20% of the external wall surfaces) when compared to the cost for full wall coverage by GFRPs.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2008

Fiber Reinforced Plymers (FRPs)는 기존 보수 보강재료에 비해 높은 강도, 내부식성, 절연성등 뛰어난 역학적 특성으로 인하여, 최근들어 기존 구조물의 보수 및 보강에 FRP를 이용한 외부부착 공법 이 활발하게 사용되어지고 있다. 현재 국내 외적으로 FRP 재료를 이용한 외부부착 공법이 적용된 철근 콘크리트보에 관한 연구는 활발히 진행되고 있으나 시간 의존적 거동에 관한 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 대하여 본 연구에서는 무보강 RC보, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plymers(CFRPs) 와 Glass Fiber Reinforced Plymers (GFRPs)로 보강된 철근콘크리트보 실험체를 제작하여 약 300일간 25KN의 지속하중을 받은 FRP 보강보의 시간경과에 따른 처짐, 변형률 그리고 온도 변화의 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험 결과 CFRP로 보강된 실험체는 GFRP로 보강된 실험체보다 시간의존적 거동에 있어 더 우수한 보강성능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.795-817
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• 2016

A non-contact, in-situ and non-invasive technique for health monitoring of submerged fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) laminates has been developed using ultrasonic guided waves. A pair of mobile transducers at specific angles of incidence to the submerged FRP specimen was used to excite Lamb wave modes. Lamb wave modes were used for comprehensive inspection of various types of manufacturing defects like air gaps and missing epoxy, introduced during manufacturing of FRP using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding (VARIM). Further service induced damages like notches and surface defects were also studied and evaluated using guided waves. Quantitative evaluation of transmitted ultrasonic signal in defect ridden FRPs $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ healthy signal has been used to relate the extent of damage in FRPs. The developed technique has the potential to develop into a quick, real time health monitoring tool for judging the service worthiness of FRPs.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.111-114
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• 2003

Thermosets are highly cross-linked polymers with a three-dimensional molecular structure. The network structure gives rise to mechanical properties, however, one major drawback of thermosets, which also results from their network structure, is their poor resistance to impact and to crack initiation. In this study, to solve this problem, the reactive thermoplastics such as amine terminated polyetherimide (ATPEI), ATPEI-CTBN-ATPEI(ABA) triblock copolymer, CTBN-ATPEI(AB) diblock copolymer, and carboxyl group modified ATPEI was synthesized, after that blended with epoxy resin, and the carbon fiber reinforced composites were fabricated. The impact load, energy, and delamination were investigated by using drop weight impact test and C-scan test. As a results, the ABA/epoxy blend system showed good impact properties.