• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 1989

발효액에서 hollow fiber membrane에 의한 Pichia sti-pitis의 분리 공정의 가능성을 검토해 보았다. Permeateflux는 cell의 농도, pH, antifoam agent의 농도, 여과 압력, 그리고 recircultion rate에 의해 영향을 받았으며 온도는 flux의 감소와 별로 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 microcomputer에 조절되어 membrane을 backflush하는 것이 memnrane의 fouling 문제를 경감 시켜서 발효액에서 P. stipitis를 분리하는 공저의 연장된 조업을 가능케 함을 확인 하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제28권9호
• /
• pp.834-845
• /
• 1995

This study was conducted in order to establish an in vitro method simulating the physiological function of fibers along the large intestine of humans. Commercial fibers including guar gum, apple pectin, citrus pectin, CM-cellulose, alginic acid and $\alpha$-cellulose, and dietary fiber residues obtained from rice bran, barley, soybean, Korea cabbage, apple, tangerine and sea mustard were employed to determine the water-holding capacity, weight of hydrated residue and fiber content after anaerobic fermentation using human fecal inoculum for 24 hours, followed by dialysis under osmotic suction pressure. The weight of hydrated residue in commercial fibers was in the decreasing order of CM-cellulose > alginic acid, $\alpha$-cellulose > apple pectin, citrus pectin > guar gum and that in food fiber residues was in the decreasing order of rice bran, sea mustard > soybean > tangerine, Korean cabbage > barley > apple. It was demonstrated that the larger the weight of hydrated residue was, the more the weight of human stool increased. Consequently this in vitro method can be used as a preceeding test before undertaking animal or human experiment to predict the physiological effects of fiber residues from diverse food samples as well as commercially refined fibers.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.819-826
• /
• 2014

Consumer's demand for higher dietary fiber and lower fat in processed foods are increasing. This study developed a low fat and high dietary fiber snack using egg whites and dry fermented radish powder obtained from Dongchimi fermentation. Quality characteristics, such as hardness, color, fat content and total dietary fiber, of the developed snack were conducted along with a hedonic test. As the amount of the fermented powder increased in the formulation, water content and snack hardness decreased. Up to 14.5% radish powder was added (or 9.54% dietary fiber; dry weight, w/w) to the formulation, and hedonic test found snack containing 4.8% (w/w) powder showed the highest scores for overall acceptability.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.419-427
• /
• 1991

에탄올의 발효 생산성을 높이기 위해서는 발효조의 균체농도를 높여 고농도의 배양을 해야하며 또한 에탄올에 의한 저해 작용을 감소시켜 비생산성을 향상시키기 위해서는 발효액 중에 축적되는 에탄올을 배출 시킬 필요가 있다. 이와 같은 목적으로 본 연구에서는 고분자 hollow fiber membrane, ceramic filter를 이용하여 가장 중요한 조작 변수인 희석율과 bleed stream ratio가 에탄올 생산성에 미치는 영향 및 조작의 문제점과 장기 조업 가능성을 검토하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.245-253
• /
• 2020

Objective: To develop the fermentation quality and chemical composition of alfalfa (Medicago sativa Lam.) silage, plants were inoculated with different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains at field 24 hours before harvest. Methods: The treatment groups were as follow: silage without additive as a control and inoculated with each strains of Lactobacillus brevis (LS-55-2-2), Leuconostoc citerum (L. citerum; L-70-6-1), Lactobacillus bifermentans (L. bifermentans; LS-65-2-1), Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum; LS-3-3) and L. plantarum (LS-72-2). All the silages were stored at 25℃. Parameters such as pH, microorganism and volatile fatty acid contents, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, net gas, metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility, dry matter intake and relative feed value were measured to determine fermentation quality, chemical compositions and relative feed value of alfalfa silages. Results: Significant differences were found among the control and treated groups in terms of pH and microorganism contents at all opening times and crude protein, net gas, metabolizable energy and organic matter digestibility of final silage. The pH values ranged from 4.70 to 5.52 for all treatments and control silage had the highest value of overall treatments at T₇₅d silages. Volatile fatty acid of silages was not influenced significantly by inoculations. However, lactic acid content of L. bifermentans (LS-65-2-1) was higher than the other treatments. The highest metabolizable energy and organic matter digestibility were recorded from L. citerum (L-70-6-1) inoculation. In addition, no significant differences were found among treatments in terms of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, dry matter intake and relative feed value. Conclusion: Among the treated LAB isolates, L. bifermentans came into prominence especially in terms of organic acid composition and quality characters of silages.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2015

An experiment was conducted to increase the quality of rice bran by fermentation using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and humic substances and its utilization as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out in two steps. First, the fermentation process was done using a completely randomized design in factorial with 16 treatments: i) Dosage of B.amyloliquefaciens ($2.10^8cfu/g$), 10 and 20 g/kg; ii) Graded levels of humic substances, 0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm; iii) Length of fermentation, three and five days. The results showed that the fermentation significantly (p<0.05) reduced crude fiber content. The recommended conditions for fermentation of rice bran: 20 g/kg dosage of inoculums B. amyloliquefaciens, 100 ppm level of humic substances and three days fermentation period. The second step was a feeding trial to evaluate the fermented rice bran (FRB) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. Three hundred and seventy-five one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five treatment diets. Arrangement of the diets as follows: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% level of FRB and the diets formulation based on equal amounts of energy and protein. The results showed that 15% inclusion of FRB in the diet provided the best bodyweight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. In conclusion, the nutrient content of rice bran improved after fermentation and the utilization of FRB as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens could be included up to 15% of the broiler diet.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.819-822
• /
• 2001

In this study a fiber optic biosensor has been developed to on-line monitor the concentrations of oxygen and glucose. The oxygen concentrations in solution and gas phase monitored by the fiber optic sensor has been compared with those by a dissolved oxygen electrode and an IR-type $O_2$ analyzer. The fiber optic glucose sensor has been made by immobilizing glucose oxidase on the tip of the optic fiber and used to on-line monitor the concentration of glucose in a fermentation process.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.383-388
• /
• 1993

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of cellulose addition on high (Exp. I) and low (Exp. II and III) dry matter barley straw silages. In Exp. I : 1 kg barley straw + 16 g glucose + 600 g water + 0 g as control (E0G), + 2 g (E2G), + 4 g (E4G), + 6 g (E6G), and + 8 g (E8G) of cellulose as treatments were ensiled. In Exp. II and III, 10 g glucose was and was not added, respectively, into 2 kg barley straw + 0 g (E8W, E8T) of cellulose as treatments. Samples were stored for 10 (Exp. I) and 7 (Exp. II and III) months at $21^{\circ}C$. The effect of cellulose addition on the fermentation and breakdown of the polysaccharides component in the silos at ensiling occurred more markedly at low dry matter silages rather than at the high ones. All cellulose treated silages were well preserved (pH below 5 in Exp. I and below 4 in Exp. II and III), while lactic acid and ethanol concentration increased. The fibrous fraction (ADF, NDF, crude fiber, hemicellulose, and cellulose) significantly (p<0.01) decreased (except hemicellulose content in Exp. I) compared with corresponding untreated silages. In vitro dry matter digestibility values (IVDMD) were similar for all silages. The present study showed that cellulose addition improved the potential nutritional and fermentation quality of barley straw silage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.667-673
• /
• 2014

Eight multiparous Holstein cows ($632{\pm}12$ kg BW; $135{\pm}16$ DIM) were used in a replicated $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to evaluate the effects of forage sources on rumen fermentation characteristics, performance, and microbial protein (MCP) synthesis. The forage portion of the diets contained alfalfa hay (AH), oat hay (OH), Leymus chinensis (LC), or rice straw (RS) as the primary source of fiber. Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, and cows were fed four corn silages based total mixed rations with equivalent nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC) and forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Dry matter intake was not affected by the source of dietary forages, ranging from 18.83 to 19.20 kg/d, consequently, milk yield was similar among diets. Because of the numerical differences in milk fat and milk protein concentrations, 4% FCM and ECM yields were unchanged (p>0.05). Mean rumen pH, NH3-N content, and concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid were not affected by the treatments (p>0.05). Dietary treatments did not affect the total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein (p>0.05); however, digestibility of NDF and acid detergent fiber in RS diet was higher compared with AH, OH, and LC diets (p<0.05). Total purine derivative excretion was higher in cows fed AH, OH, and LC diets compared with those fed RS diet (p<0.05), consequently, estimated MCP synthesis was 124.35 g/d higher in cows fed AH diet compared with those fed RS diet (p<0.05). The results indicated that cows fed AH, OH, LC, and RS diets with an equivalent forage NDF and NFC have no unfavourable effect on the ruminal fermentation and productive parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제25권9호
• /
• pp.1248-1254
• /
• 2012

The effect of silage additives on ensiling characteristics and nutritive value of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) silages was studied. Napier grass silages were made with no additive, fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB), molasses or cassava meal. The ensiling characteristics were determined by ensiling Napier grass silages in airtight plastic pouches for 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 45 d. The effect of Napier grass silages treated with these additives on voluntary feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial rumen fermentation was determined in 4 fistulated cows using $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. The pH value of the treated silages rapidly decreased, and reached to the lowest value within 7 d of the start of fermentation, as compared to the control. Lactic acid content of silages treated with FJLB was stable at 14 d of fermentation and constant until 45 d of ensiling. At 45 d of ensiling, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of silage treated with cassava meal were significantly lower (p<0.05) than the others. In the feeding trial, the intake of silage increased (p<0.05) in the cow fed with the treated silage. Among the treatments, dry matter intake was the lowest in the silage treated with cassava meal. The organic matter, crude protein and NDF digestibility of the silage treated with molasses was higher than the silage without additive and the silage treated with FJLB. The rumen parameters: ruminal pH, ammonia-nitrogen ($NH_3$-N), volatile fatty acid (VFA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and bacterial populations were not significantly different among the treatments. In conclusion, these studies confirmed that the applying of molasses improved fermentative quality, feed intake and digestibility of Napier grass.