• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.345-355
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• 2009

This article describes the development of a fiber optic accelerometer based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG). The accelerometer utilizes the stiffness of the optical fiber and a lumped mass in the design. Acceleration is measured by the FBG in response to the vibration of the fiber optic mass system. The wavelength shift of FBG is proportional to the change in acceleration, and the gauge factor pertains to the shift in wavelength as a function of acceleration. Low frequency version of the accelerometer was developed for applications in monitoring bridges. The accelerometer was first evaluated in laboratory settings and then employed in a demonstration project for condition assessment of a bridge. Laboratory experiments involved evaluation of the sensitivity and resolution of measurements under a series of low frequency low amplitude conditions. The main feature of this accelerometer is single channel multiplexing capability rendering the system highly practical for application in condition assessment of bridges. This feature of the accelerometer was evaluated by using the system during ambient vibration tests of a bridge. The Frequency Domain Decomposition method was employed to identify the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the bridge. Results were compared with the data acquired from the conventional accelerometers.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2009

A fiber-optic liquid level sensor based on bending cantilever beam has been proposed. A fiber Bragg grating(FBG) embedded in the cantilever beam is used to sensing elements. The basic concept is elongation and constriction of the FBG corresponding to the liquid level variation. The best FBG position on the cantilever for obtaining the high sensitivity was 4 cm from the fixing point. When the liquid level moves up and down vertically, the Bragg wavelength is linearly shifted. But, the wavelength sensitivity of the FBG installed on the upper side of cantilever was four times better than that of the FBG equipped in the lateral side due to the difference of unit strain applied to the FBG. Intensity demodulation using the low-cost edge filter is used to interrogate the Bragg wavelength through converting the wavelength signals into the optical intensity ones. Experiment results show that the electrical output is exponentially proportional to the liquid level. But, it should be overcome for applying to the ships.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2004

Long Period Gratings (LPG) is currently receiving considerable attention because of their consistent measuring results fur pressure, temperature, strain and flow. LPG is easier to prepare and has a high sensitivity compared with Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG). In addition, this kind of optical fiber sensors could be used for implementations in various structures. In this paper, LPG was used to monitor in situ the resin flow and the curing process in VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer. Molding). In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, FBG is inserted into the glass mat to monitor the resin flow using optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). The curing reactions in VARTM are also observed using the same method. From the results, the attenuation wavelength shift and the loss change of attenuation band can be obtained from the status of the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) sample owing to the internal variations of the .effective index, temperature, and pressure. It is shown that the proposed LPG is more effective in monitoring the curing reaction than FBG.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.81-84
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• 2001

We propose the cascade FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)s to compensate the dispersion, discuss the dispersion characteristics of such cascaded FBGs, compare with the single FBG dispersion compensator. For these, we theoretically consider the sencond- and third-order group-velocity dispersion(GVD) in the single fiber grating using plane wave solution and the coupled mode equation. We also theoretically find the group-velocity dispersion in the cascaded fiber gratings from the results in the single fiber grating and present the optimum disign data of the cascaded FBGs dispersion compensator in the N-channel WDM system through the numerical simulation.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.575-578
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• 2016

The thermal endurance of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), written with the aid of 193-nm ArF excimer laser irradiation on H₂-loaded Ge/B codoped silica fiber, and pretreated with a CO₂ laser and a subsequent slow cooling process, is investigated. These treated gratings show relatively less degradation of grating strength during the thermal annealing procedure. The thermal decay characteristics of treated and untreated fiber, recorded over a time period of 9 hours, have been compared. The effect on the Bragg transmission depth (BTD) and the center-wavelength shift, as well as the growth of refractive-index change during the grating inscription process for both treated and untreated fiber, are analyzed.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.415-419
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• 1997

광섬유 격자는 외부의 가해진 물리량에 대해 선형적인 응답을 하며, 광섬유 격자의 파장 인코딩 특성으로 인해 S/N비가 높은 신호 처리를 할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 편광 유지 광섬유 격자를 이용한 압력 센서에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 편광 유지 광섬유 격자는 위상 마스크를 이용하여 Bow-Tie형 광섬유에 형성시켰는데, 편광 유지 광섬유는 두 개의 고유 편광 축을 가지므로 두 개의 브래그 peak을 가진다. 종방향 스트레인과 온도 변화에 따른 두 개의 브래그 파장 변화를 측정한 결과 각각 1.2 pm/.mu..epsilon.의 종방향 스트레인에 대한 파장 민감도와 11.4 pm/.deg. C의 온도에 대한 파장 민감도가 관측되어, 단일 모드 광섬유 격자의 보고된 값과 거의 일치하였다. 반면에 편광 유지 광섬유 격자에 횡방향 스트레스를 가하면 두 브래그 파장사이의 간격이 변화함을 관측하였고, 두 브래그 파장 간격에 대하여는 14.6 pm/N의 횡방향 스트레스에 대한 파장 민감도를 얻었다. 편광 유지 광섬유 격자 센서는 온도의 변화에 무관한 횡방향 스트레스 즉, 압력센서로 이용할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1081-1085
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 곡률을 측정하기 위해 파이버 브래그 격자를 이용한 곡률 센서에 대해 연구하고자 한다. 곡률의 변화를 측정하기 위해 브래그 공진파장의 이동 변화를 측정하였다. 실험견과로부터 곡률이 $0\;m^{-1}$에서 $10\;m^{-1}$까지 증가함에 따라 반사 스펙트럼은 감소하나. 브래그 공진 파장의 변화량은 선형적으로 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, 기울기는 대략 $8.8\;pm/m^{-1}$ 이었다. 한편, 반사 스펙트럼은 곡률이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.625-631
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• 2017

In the fields of civil engineering and seismology, it is essential to detect and tracking the vibrations, and the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are typically used as sensors to measure vibrations. Where, one of the most popular and detailed approaches to use FBGs as vibration sensors involves the use of cantilever beam designs, which adds a mass to measure low and moderate frequencies (from 20 Hz up to 1 kHz) with high sensitivities (greater than 10 pm/g). The design consists of a bending strain in the cantilever that is simultaneously transferred to the FBG, resulting in a shift in the wavelength that is proportional to the strain experienced by the cantilever. In this work, we present the experimental results of a vibration sensor design using a cantilever beam to generate an axial uniform strain in the FBG in-line with the vertical axis, which modifies the cantilever's natural frequency that allows the sensor to have a wide frequency broadband without losing sensitivity. This sensor achieved a sensitivity of about 339 pm/g and a natural frequency of 227.3 Hz. The presented design compared with the traditional cantilever beam-based FBG vibration sensors, has the advantages of a simple design for detection on vibration-sensitive structures and its physical parameters can be easily modified in order to satisfy the requirements of the desired vibration measurements.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.226-229
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• 2019

96-채널 50-GHz 배열형 도파로격자를 사용하여 광섬유 브래그 격자의 브래그 파장 측정 시스템을 제작하였다. 충분히 넓은 대역폭을 갖는 광섬유격자의 브래그 파장은 변형 또는 온도의 변화에 따라 선형적으로 변화하는 것을 확인하였다. 제작된 파장 측정 시스템은 0.01 nm의 해상도를 가지며 10초 간격으로 브래그 파장을 측정한다. 12개의 직렬 연결된 아크릴레이트 재코팅된 다채널 광섬유격자들의 파장 이동을 동시에 측정하였고, 광섬유격자의 온도가 -25℃에서 85℃로 변화될 때, 파장 감도는 0.018 nm/℃에서 0.01 nm/℃까지 변화하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1980-1986
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 KrF 레이저를 이용한 격자 공정 후 고온 어닐링 온도조건에 따른 감마방사선 영향을 분석하였다. 제작된 광섬유 브래그 격자는 게르마늄(Ge)이 첨가된 동일한 광섬유에 어닐링 온도를 달리하여 제작하였으며, $Co^{60}$ 감마선원을 이용하여 약 115 Gy/min의 선량률로 총선량 약 31 kGy 감마선을 조사하였다. 격자의 안정화를 위한 고온 어닐링 공정은 광섬유 브래그 격자의 방사선 민감도 변화에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 실험결과를 통하여, 각각 다른 온도(100, 150, $200^{\circ}C$)로 안정화시킨 광섬유 브래그 격자들은 고온에 노출될수록 방사선 민감도가 증가했으며, 어닐링 온도조건에 따라서 방사선에 의한 브래그 파장 변화는 2배 이상의 차이를 보였다.