• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.5508-5513
• /
• 2013

This paper seeks to empirically analyze the effect of WLFP on fertility in Korea using the 1985~2010 Korean Population and Housing Census 1% Sample data. The results show that except in year 1985(+0.336) WLFP had a significant negative effect on fertility rates in years 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010. The size of the negative effect increases from 1990(-0.611) to 2005(-2.273). In 2010(-0.793), however, the negative effect considerably decreases when compared with the 2005 result. This alleviation is partially due to policies that have promoted compatibility between work and family life. Policy makers should therefore focus on expansion of policies for the compatibility of work and family, and give more attention to increasing take-up rate for the current policies.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.100-108
• /
• 2022

Korean medicine has traditionally provided a lot of medical care for the treatment of infertility. The combination treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine can be effective for infertility to improve the problems caused by the extremely low fertility rate and the aging of pregnant women. In relation to female infertility, we reviewed the evidence for Korean medicine treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome, which has recently been increasing interest in female infertility, and the evidence for the collaboration between Korean and Western medicine in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility. Because polycystic ovary syndrome is closely related to metabolic diseases related to endocrine abnormalities, hormone treatment alone has limited therapeutic effects and has side effects. In domestic and international research, herbal medicine and acupuncture in the treatment of infertility have shown good clinical effects based on the hypothesis of various mechanisms of effect, and many cases of successful pregnancy have been reported. Although continuous research through large-scale randomized clinical studies is needed to prove efficacy, the importance of combined treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine in infertility treatment is increasing in order to solve the extremely low fertility rate. Combining artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization with Korean medicine treatment is highly likely to be effective in increasing pregnancy success and fertility rates. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome, which is recognized as a metabolic disease due to endocrine abnormalities among the causes of female infertility, Korean medicine treatment can increase the pregnancy rate with herbal medicines and acupuncture, etc. Although well-designed large-scale clinical studies are currently lacking and meta-analysis has not provided sufficient evidence, the combination treatment of Korean medicine and Western medicine is more active to increase the pregnancy rate for solving the problem of low fertility.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) on clinical outcomes among high-risk patients. Methods: This retrospective study involved 1,368 patients and the same number of cycles, including 520 cycles with PGT-A and 848 cycles without PGT-A. The study participants comprised women of advanced maternal age (AMA) and those affected by recurrent implantation failure (RIF), recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), or severe male factor infertility (SMF). Results: PGT-A was associated with significant improvements in the implantation rate (IR) and the ongoing pregnancy rate/live birth rate (OPR/LBR) per embryo transfer cycle in the AMA (39.3% vs. 16.2% [p<0.001] and 42.0% vs. 21.8% [p<0.001], respectively), RIF (41.7% vs. 22.0% [p<0.001] and 47.0% vs. 28.6% [p<0.001], respectively), and RPL (45.6% vs. 19.5% [p<0.001] and 49.1% vs. 24.2% [p<0.001], respectively) groups, as well as the IR in the SMF group (43.3% vs. 26.5%, p=0.011). Additionally, PGT-A was associated with lower overall incidence rates of early pregnancy loss in the AMA (16.7% vs. 34.3%, p=0.001) and RPL (16.7% vs. 50.0%, p<0.001) groups. However, the OPR/LBR per total cycle across all PGT-A groups did not significantly exceed that for the non-PGT-A groups. Conclusion: PGT-A demonstrated beneficial effects in high-risk patients. However, our findings indicate that these benefits are more pronounced in carefully selected candidates than in the entire high-risk patient population.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.115-120
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to examine the effect of several saccharides on the induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) and to examine the effects of mono and polysaccharides on the penetration activity of boar spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were inseminated in medium with fucose, galactose and mannose as monosaccharide, and fucoicIan. galactan and marman as polysaccharide. The penetration rates were significantly (p<0.05) lower in medium with galactose (40.6%), mannose (38.1%), fucose (41.6%) and fucoidan (36.6%) compared with control (56.7%). The rates of AR were increased (40.7 to 59.8%) by the preincubation periods prolonged from 0 to 4 hr (p<0.05). Similar tendencies were observed in AR when spermatozoa were treated with monosaccharides, but not significantly differ among the groups treated with different time of preincubation with some exception of galactose. When spermatozoa were treated with polysaccharides, the rates of AR were significantly (p<0.05) increased by preincubation time prolonged from 0 to 4 hr with an exception of fucoidan. In conclusion, the present study suggests that penetration rate of spermatozoa is higher in presence of polysaccharides than monosaccharides. Also, it may resume that the comparing to control, the all saccharides (L-fucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, fucoidan. galactan and mannan)-treated groups slightly increase the AR pattern as preincubation time prolonged.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2010

Objective: To compare the respective pregnancy outcomes of cycles undergoing elective two cleavage-stage embryos transfer (2ET) and three cleavage-stage embryos transfer (3ET) in fresh in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) program. Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched case control study that included 100 women with 2ET and 100 women with 3ET from January 2007 to June 2009. Subjects were matched for reproductive profiles and cycle characteristics. All of transferred embryos in both groups had good qualities. Pregnancy rates (PR), implantation rate, and multiple PR were compared. Results: Demographics, stimulation parameters and embryological data were comparable in both groups. Main pregnancy outcomes with 2ET and 3ET groups were not statistically different; implantation rate (41.0% vs. 35.3%), positive pregnancy rate (58.0% vs. 60.0%), clinical PR (55.0% vs. 59.0%), ongoing PR (51.0% vs. 55.0%), respectively. However, the 3ET group showed significantly higher multiple pregnancy and triplet pregnancy rates (30.9% vs. 50.8%, p=0.031; 1.8% vs. 11.9%, p=0.036, respectively). Conclusion: In women with favorable conditions and good quality embryos undergoing IVF, 2ET can get pregnancy outcomes comparable to those of 3ET and reduce multiple pregnancy (especially, triplet pregnancy).

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 1983

Present study was carried out to find out an optimum interval for artificial insemination in aged and poor laying hens, Brown colored, hundred and twenty commercial laying hens at about 530 days old and 20 S. C. W. Leghorn males at 580 days old were adopted Egg production rate during the experiment was 61.6% and number of eggs examined was 2,283. The intervals for the insemination were 2, 4 and 6 days for experimental groups T-1, T-2 and T-3, respectively. Eggs were collected on every 6th day and examined for fertility by candling after 5 days of incubation. Average fertility rates for T-1, T-2 and T-3 groups appeared 87.5, 81.1, and 65.1%, respectively. The fertility of T-3 group was significantly lower than those of T-1 and T-2 groups(P＜0.05). The highest fertility rate was obtained on the second day after the insemination for all groups, i. e. 90.7, 84.0 and 71.7% for T-1, T-2 and T-3, respectively. Thereafter, a tendency of gradual decline in fertility was observed. This study suggests that the optimum interval for artificial insemination in aged hens is 2 days. The fertility tended to be improved by repeated injection. For the 2-day interval group, the highest rate (98.2%) was obtained on the 6th insemination.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.85-111
• /
• 2010

South Korea has experienced a rapid fertility decline and notable mortality improvement. As the drop in TFR was quicker and greater in terms of tempo and magnitude, it cast a new challenge of population projection - how to improve the forecasting accuracy in the country with a super-low fertility pattern. This study begin with the current status of the national population projection as implemented by Statistics Korea by comparing the 2009 interim projection with the 2006 official national population projection. Secondly, this study compare the population projection system including projection agencies, projection horizons, projection intervals, the number of projection scenarios, and the number of assumptions on fertility, mortality and international migration among super-low fertility countries. Thirdly we illustrate a stochastic population projection for Korea by transforming the population rates into one parameter series. Finally we describe the future challenges of the national population projection, and propose the projection scenarios for the 2011 official population projection. To enhance the accuracy, we suggest that Statistics Korea should update population projections more frequently or distinguish them into short-term and long-term projections. Adding more than four projection scenarios including additional types of "low-variant"fertility could show a variety of future changes. We also expect Statistics Korea topay more attention to the determination of a base population that should include both national and non-national populations. Finally we hope that Statistics Korea will find a wise way to incorporate the ideas underlying the system of stochastic population projection as part of the official national population projection.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.14-31
• /
• 1988

The national family planning program in Korea, which was instituted as an integral part of the nation's economic development plans since 1962, has contributed greatly to a reduction in the fertility and population growth rate. The total fertility rate dipped from 6.0 births per women in 1960 to 2.0 in 1985, and the population growth rate rom 2.84 percent per year to 1.25 percent during the same period, while the contraceptive practice rate for the 15-44 married women increased from 9 percent in 1965 to 70 percent in 1985. Study findings indicate that the fertility reduction in the past 26 years is largely attributed to the virgorous implementation of the national family planning program, rising age at marriage, wide-spread use of induced abortion, and the changes in attitude regarding the value of children that came into being in the wake of the rapid socio-economic development over the period. Among the strengths of the national family planning program are the following : 1) a pluralistic system of program manageent with active participation of various government and voluntary organizations, 2) utilization of a large corps of family planning field workers to conduct face-to-face communication and motivation activities, 3) use of private physicians with government support to provide contraceptive services, 4) a systematic program management system including program planning of traget allocation, evaluation, and supervision with a broad MIS and award system, 5) numerous incentive and disincentive schemes for stimulating the small family norm and contraceptive use, and 6) strong commitments to the family planning program by political leaders. The new demographic targets during the Sixth Five-Year Economic and Social Development plan period(1987-91) have been set for a further reduction in the population growth rate to 1.0 percent by 1993, assuming that the TFR will decline to 1.75 level in 1995. This target is, however, not easy to achieve due to anticipated unfavorable factors like the strong boy preference, high discontinuation rates of reversible contraceptive methods, fertility termination-oriented contraceptive use, a plateau level of contraceptive practice rate that has mostly accounted for a sterilization, shortened length of birth intervals, and the changing patterns of contraceptive mix. The recent changes in contraceptive and fertility behaviors clearly indicate that the past quantity-oriented management system of the national program should be redirected toward a quality-oriented approach. Particularly, program efforts should be expanded to recruit new contraceptive users in the 20s of younger age groups, both for birth spacing and controlling their fertility since the women aged 20 to 29 account for more than 80 percent of the total annual births in recent years. In addition, the current contraceptive fee system of the national family planning program should be gradually shifted from free contraceptive services to a acceptor's charge system, and the provision of contraceptive services through the medical insurance system, which will cover the entire population by 1989, should be accelerated as a means of integration of family planning program with other health programs.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2022

This study is a descriptive survey study that applies the planned behavior theory to identify the factors influencing the childbirth intention of unmarried men and women. Data were collected from April 05 to April 23, 2021 for 168 unmarried men and women. As a result of the study, in general characteristics, male, old, highly educated, occupational, and non-regular workers had statistically significantly higher childbirth intentions. As a result of examining the correlation between the variables constituting the theory of planned behavior(TPB), it was found that the more positive the attitude toward childbirth, the greater the subjective norm, and the greater the perceived behavior control, the higher the intention to give birth. Multiple regression analyses showed that the factors affecting fertility intention on men and women. The factors affecting fertility intention in men was attitude, with an explanatory power of 62.2% and the factors affecting fertility intention in women were attitudes and perceived behavioral control, and the explanatory power of these variables on fertility intention was 69.0%. In order to increase the intention to give birth, a comprehensive approach is needed, and the research is meaningful in that the results of this study provided basic data in the development of policies and education programs related to low birth rates in the future.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.777-784
• /
• 2006

This study was designed to investigate between the semen characteristics and sperm chromatin structure in boar with different farrowing rates and relationship between fertility by AI and results of sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). The CASA (computer-aided sperm analysis) and SCSA were performed with liquid semen in boars. The all SCSA parameters based on the farrowing rates by AI were significantly differ (P<0.05). The significant negative correlations (P<0.05) were observed between all SCSA parameters and farrowing rate obtained by AI in the field. In conclusion, these results suggest that the sperm parameters evaluated in these studies may be useful indicators to predict the fertility by AI.