• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 지적장애와 일반인 남성의 장기간 체중부하운동 참여가 요추와 대퇴골경부 골밀도 및 신체구성에 미치는 융합적인 효과를 규명하는 것이다. 이 연구의 대상자들은 총 19명이 참여하였고, 이들을 두 집단(지적장애=9명, 일반=10명)으로 구분하였다. 모든 피험자들은 체중부하운동으로 음악줄넘기 운동프로그램을 총 12주간, 일주일에 3일, 1일 60분 실시하였다. 통계적 유의성 검증을 위해서 이원분산분석 반복측정법을 이용하였으며, 모든 유의성 검증은 ${\alpha}$=.05 수준으로 설정하였다. 이 연구결과, 요추와 대퇴골경부 골밀도는 운동트레이닝 후 유의하게 증가하였다(각각, p<.01, p<.001). 또한 체중, 체지방율, 신체질량지수에서 12주간의 운동트레이닝 후에 유의하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과들을 유추해 볼 때, 지적장애인과 일반인들에게 장기간의 음악줄넘기 운동프로그램은 요추와 대퇴의 골밀도 수준을 향상시키고, 신체구성성분을 긍정적으로 개선시키는 융합적인 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2003

Purpose: To investigate body compositons and bone mineral density(BMD) in college women and to find the relationship between them. Method: From January to March of 2001, BMD at four parts(forearm, lumbar, femur and whole body), body mass index(BMI), body fat mass(BFM), lean body mass(LBM) and body fat percentage(%Fat) were measured with the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Other physical characteristics were measured with a scale, a height measurer, and questionnaires. Result: Grouping by the BMI, 43.2% showed low weight, and 5% over weight. When applying the percent Fat, 43.8 % was diagnosed as obesity group. The fact indicate that a majority of college women have unbalanced body composition with high percent Fat, compared to their body weight. Assessing the BMD with the WHO standards, 91.4～95.7% of the BMD of forearm and whole body was normal. But, 40.3% and 33.1～43.9% showed osteopenia at lumbar and femur, and 104 %, 0.7～7.2% showed osteoporosis. The BMD at all parts showed significant correlation each other(r=.29～.89, p=.001～.000). Body weight and BMI showed correlations to with BMDs at all parts of the body(r=.19～46, p=.025～.000; r=18～.45, p=.039～.000). But the percent Fat had a correlation with only femur neck BMD(r=.19, p=.024). Conclusion: This study showed a majority of healthy college women were exposed to the risk for osteoporosis. Additional study is required to develop nursing interventions to remove the risk factors of osteoporosis. In particular, the acquisition of balanced body composition is necessary, increasing body weight and BMI through the increase of LBM, not through the quantitative increase of BFM.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

목적 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자를 대상으로 골다공증 평가를 위해 다중검출 전산화단층촬영(multidetector computed tomography; 이하 MDCT)에서의 감쇠 계수(Hounsfield unit; 이하 HU)와 이중 에너지 X선 흡수 계측법(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; 이하 DXA)을 비교하였다. 대상과 방법 2016년 6월부터 12월까지 MDCT와 DXA를 모두 시행한 42명의 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자가 본 연구의 대상으로 포함되었다. MDCT에서는 정상 대퇴골 경부의 해면골에서 HU를 측정하였으며 DXA에서는 동 부위의 골밀도 및 T 값을 얻었다. HU와 골밀도 및 T 값의 상관관계를 Spearman 상관계수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자의 골밀도와 T 값의 평균은 각각 0.650 g/cm²과 -2.4이었다. 정상, 골감소증, 골다공증 환자 군의 HU의 평균은 각각 131.9, 98.9, 41.3이었다. HU는 골밀도(r² = 0.670; p < 0.001) 및 T 값(r² = 0.676; p < 0.001) 모두와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 다중검출 전산화단층촬영에서 감쇠계수의 측정은 골다공증 선별검사를 위한 유용한 진단적 도구가 될 수 있다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권2호
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• pp.427-440
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• 2023

목적 MRI Dixon method (이하 DIXON) 기법을 이용하여 슬관절 지방우세 골조직의 지방신호분율(fat signal fraction; 이하 FF)을 구하고 골밀도(bone mineral density; 이하 BMD)와 상관관계 분석을 시행하였다. 대상과 방법 본원 슬관절 DIXON 영상을 촬영한 환자들 중 일 년 이내의 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry가 있는 환자 93명을 후향적으로 분석하였다. DIXON 영상에서 원위부 대퇴골 골간단(femur metaphyseal; 이하 Fm)과 근위부 경골 골간단(tibia metaphyseal; 이하 Tm)의 FF를 계산하였다. FF와 BMD 간 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또, 요추(lumbar spine; 이하 L), 대퇴경부(femoral neck; 이하 FN), 총대퇴골(femur total; 이하 FT)의 BMD 별로 나누고 FF에 대하여 Kruskal-Wallis H test를 시행하였다. 결과 전체 환자군에서 TmFF와 FN-BMD 사이에 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r = -0.26, p < 0.05). 여성 환자에서는 TmFF가 FN-BMD, FT-BMD 및 L-BMD와 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r = -0.38, -0.28과 -0.27, p < 0.05). 남성 환자에서는 FmFF가 FN-BMD 및 FT-BMD와 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r = -0.58과 r = -0.42, p < 0.05). 여성 환자들을 세 군으로 나누었을 때 TmFF에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < 0.05). 남성 환자들을 두 군으로 나누었을 때, FmFF이 군간에 유의미한 차이를 보였다(p < 0.05). 결론 슬관절 주변의 FF와 BMD는 음의 상관관계를 보였으며, DIXON을 이용한 FF 측정이 BMD 스크리닝에 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 보였다.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 2009

자주 사용하는 발에 상관없이 좌측 대퇴골밀도 측정만으로 골밀도 정보가 충분한지에 대해 알아보기 위해 발의 사용빈도가 운동과 관련이 있다는 가정하에 오른손잡이, 왼손잡이로 나누어 운동여부에 따른 양측 대퇴골밀도 차이에 관해 연구를 하였다. 2008년 7월부터 8월까지 본원건강증진센터를 내원한 30세 이상 70세 이하($51{\pm}6.7$세)의 수검자 229 명(여성 146명, 남성 83명)을 대상으로 자주 사용하는 손과 평상시 운동여부를 설문지 방식으로 조사하였고, 검사는 DXA (Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) 방식 GE Lunar Prodigy advance장비를 이용해 양측 대퇴부위를 측정하였으며, 측정된 값의 평균을 구하여 차이를 비교해 SPSS 12.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 운동여부를 고려하지 않고 양측 대퇴부위의 차이를 비교해 보았을 때 오른손잡이(n= 209)의 양측 대퇴골밀도 값의 차이는 neck (t=-0.15), total (t=-0.12), 왼손잡이(n=20)는 neck (t=-0.76), total (t=0.02)로 오른손잡이, 왼손잡이 모두 통계상양측의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 운동을 한 집단으로 나누어 조사해 보니 오른손잡이(n=114)는 neck (t=0.56), total (t=0.65), 왼손잡이(n=13)는 neck (t=-0.13), total (t=-0.39)로 두 그룹 모두 통계상 양측의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 운동을 안 한 집단의 양측 대퇴부위의 차이 조사해 보니 오른손잡이(n=95)는 neck (t=-0.80), total (t=-0.78), 왼손잡이(n=7)는 neck (t=0.25), total (t=-0.64)로 세 집단에서 모두가 오른손잡이, 왼손잡이 상관없이 좌우측의 대퇴골밀도의 값이 통계상으로 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 현대인들은 운동량이 부족한 생활방식에 익숙해져 있기도 하지만 평소 운동을 규칙적으로 행하는 사람들도 많기 때문에 두 집단의 차이에 대한 연구가 필요하였는데, 이들 모두 양측 대퇴골밀도의 차이는 오른손잡이, 왼손잡이냐에 상관없이 통계상 값의 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 따라서 대퇴골밀도의 측정 시 자주 사용하는 손에 대한 위치나 운동여부에 상관없이 현재 방식대로 좌측 대퇴부를 측정하여 골밀도 검사를 실행하는 것이 옳을 것으로 생각된다. 다만 수술과 같은 특수한 경우에는 우측을 검사해야 할 것이다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1996

The relationship of nutrients intake and bone mineral density (BMD) was investigated in 285 Korean postmenopausal women (age 40-70 y) consisted of 65 normal women and 159 osteopenia patients who don't have other diagnosed disease. BMD was measured at the spine (vertebrae L2-4) and femur (neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter). Height, weight, body mass index(BMI), lean body mass(LBM), body fat(Bfat) and dietary intakes of animal calcium(animal Ca), protein and phosphorus per 1,000kcaI intake were correlated with BMD of the spine and the femur positively(p<0.05). Women with an animal calcium intake < 315mg/d (mean % animal Ca/total Ca intake > 50%) exhibited significantly lower BMD of the spine and Ward's triangle than that of women with an intake > 315mg/d, p<0.OS. When subjects were grouped by diagnosis into 3 groups (normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis group), animal Ca intake of osteoporosis group (mean animal Ca intake 261mg) was significantly lower than those of the other two groups (mean animal Ca intake 306mg and 297mg, respectively), p < 0.05. These results suggest that balanced nutrients intake and increased animal Ca in the diet is likely to be beneficial in reducing bone loss in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 1996

Effects of dietary calcium(Ca), protein, and phosphorus(P) intake on bone mineral density (BMD) were investigated in 129 Korean premenopausal women(age 31-54 years) without diagnosed disease. BMD was measured at the spine(vertebrae L2-4) and femur(neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter). By stepwise multiple regression analysis it was shown that protein, Ca, and P intakes affected most significantly on BMD at the vertebrae L2-4, protein and P intakes affected most significantly on BMD at the femoral neck and Ward's triangle, and body mass index(BMI) affected most significantly on BMD at the trochanteric region. When ate-matched BMD % at the vertebrae L2-4 and all femoral sites was grouped by three levels(<90%, 90-99%, >=100%), only at the vertebrae L2-4>=100% and 90-99% groups had higher Ca intakes than <90% groups. When Ca, protein and P intakes of the recommended level for Korean(RDA) were grouped by three levels (Ca or P ; <=650mg/d, 650-750mg/d, >=750mg/d, Protein ; <=55g/d, 55-60g/d, >=65g/d), only at the vertebrae L2-4>55g/d of protein intake had higher age-matched BMD % than <=55g/d intake, >=750mg/d of Ca and P intakes, age-matched BMD % than <=650mg/d. In RDA range of Ca, protein, and P intakes, age-matched BMD % of the vertebrae L2-4 and all femoral sites was greater than 90%. Correlation between Ca intake and vertebral BMD was examined closer. There was more significant linear correlation between vertebral BMD and Ca intake below 800mg/d(r=0.346, p<0.0001)than above(r=0.376, p<0.019), implying a threshold effect and vertebral BMD was better expressed as a function of the logarithm of calcium intake(r=0.3881, p<0.0001). These results suggest that Ca, protein, and P intakes greater than RDA help to maintain proper BMD in middle-aged prementopausal women. Especially dietary Ca have important role in increasing the vertebral BMD and 800mg/d of Ca intake is optimum amount.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2002

Age-related osteopenia and osteoporosis are common in postmenopausal women due to decrease in bone mass and ovarian function. A therapy for osteoporosis would depend on only drugs to inhibit bone loss, hormonal replacement therapy, exercise and dietary supplementation and it is very hard to fad an ideal therapy for osteoporosis as yet. Chlorella which is rich in minerals such as calcium magnesium fatty acids, vitamins and sterol, could be applicable for prevention and co-treatment of osteoporosis, but it has yet to be studied. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the effect of dietary chlorella on bone mineral density (BMD) and nutritional improvement. BMD was measured in the femural neck and lumber spine portion. Nutritional and bone turnover markers from blood samples were assessed serum lkaline phosphatase, hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes and total protein. Studies for the femur neck measurement showed that normal BMD increased 2.1% for the group fed chlorella supplemented diet for four month and increased 6.6% fur group treated for one year when compared to the control group, and for the lumber spine measurements the few month group showed an increase of 9.1% over the control group, the one year group showed an increase of 64.2% over the control group. Hemoglobin content, number of erythrocytes and total protein showed similar increased patterns with BMD measurement, meanwhile, serum alkaline phosphatase increased 3% for the four month group and decrease 16% for the one year group compare to the control group. In conclusion, the postmenopausal women fed chlorella supplemented diet results in an increase in BMD. This is a marked increment in lumber spine, enhancement of nutritional state and stable bone turnover. This data showed a positive relationship between BMD and nutritional change with chlorella treatment, and suggested that chlorella dietary may lead to improving and preventing rapid loss of BMD in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.778-787
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• 1996

The purpose of present study was to assess the change of bone mineral density(BMD) and the influences of anthroopometric indices and body composition on BMD in Korean women in Taegu. Subjects were 242 healthy female in the range of 7-67 years old, were divided into 4 age groups in order to assess the influence o factors on BMD according to age. Body composition and BMD measurements of lumbar spine, femur(neck, ward's triangle, trochanter) and total body were performed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The analysis indicated that BMD of most region was positively related to body weight, BMI in all groups 4(50-67years), and closely related to femurs than lumbar spine. This study found correlations between BMD and both total fat body mass and total lean body mass in group 1, 2, 3, and correlations between BMD and only total fat body mass and in group 4. But on regression models the most significant prediction of BMD throughout the skeleton was total lean body mass in group 1(7-16years)and 2(17-34years, and total fat body mass in group 3 and 4. It is concluded that the our data can be used to screen early women of low bone mass. This study confirms that one of the most effective way to prevent osteoporosis and the fractures is to maximize peak bone mass in early life and to minimize bone loss through maintaining adequate weight.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2003

This study was to investigate the relation of nutrients intake, health status, and bone mineral density in middle-aged women. Daily nutrients intake were analyzed by convenient method. The BMD of subjects were measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DEXA). BMD was measured at the spine(vertebrae L2-L4) and femur(neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter). The nutrients intake of subjects were higher than recommended dietary allowances(RDA) except for calorie, iron, calcium, vitamin B1. Nutrients intake of vitamin A(p<0.05), iron(p<0.01), vitamin $B_2$(p<0.05), niacin(p<0.05), and vitamin C(p<0.05) between $\leq$49 yr group and $\geq$50 yr group. Mean daily intake of calcium was much less than the Korean RDA, 78.5% in $\leq$49 yr group and 77.3% in $\geq$50 yr group. 35.8% of the subjects under 50 years of age($\leq$49 yr group) and 77.4% of the subjects from 50 years up($\geq$50 yr group) were classified as osteopenia or osteoporosis. BMD of L2-L4 were positively correlated with height(p<0.05), weight(p<0.05) and BMI(p<0.05). BMD of femoral neck was positively correlated with BMI(p<0.05), BMD of Ward's triangle was positively correlated with weight(p<0.001). But BMD of L2-L4 and femoral neck were negatively correlated with age(p<0.05), menarche(p<0.05). BMD of Ward's triangle was negatively correlated with age(p<0.001). The BMD of L2-L4 were positively correlated with animal protein(p<0.05), calcium(p<0.05) and iron(p<0.05). The BMD of femoral neck was positively correlated with animal protein(p<0.05). The BMD of Ward's triangle was positively correlated with animal protein(p<0.001) and iron(p<0.001). The above results suggest that it should be difficult to prevent middle-aged women's bone destruction through nutrients intake. Further investigation is necessary to prove the mutual relations between BMD, exercise, and calcium intake. Therefore, middle-aged women will need proper exercise as well as Ca supplementation in order to prevent osteoporosis with aging.