• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.3 s.3
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• pp.44-59
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to find out proper evaluative words according to fashion image and to identify the correlation between clothing style and hair style related to fashion image. The questionnaire was used to collect data. 326 female aged between 23 to 40 were selected for the subjects of this study. The data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, pearsons correlation. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Evaluative words for each fashion image were selected by factor analysis. modern image intellectual, cold, urbane, simple, straight. elegance image : graceful, dignified, refined, decorous, luxurious. romantic image : cute, lovely, girlish, feminine, romantic. natural image : natural, comfortable, gentle, intimate, soft. casual image : energetic, active, free, cheerful, vivid. avant-garde image : experimental, strange, creative, avant-garde, irregular. 2. Correlation between clothing style image and hair style image ; clothing style and hair style was positively correlated. with the same image in case of modern, romantic, casual, elegance and avantgarde but natural image of clothing style was correlated with the natural, elegance, romantic, modern image of hair style. 3. The most suitable hair style for the clothing style according to fashion image : The clothing style of a particular image was matched best with the hair style of the same image.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.48-58
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze four separate elements-sublime beauty, elegant beauty, mysticism, ornament-which appeared in materials, patterns, colors, silhouettes, details, and accessories, laying stress on luxurious, brilliant, mysterious feelings on Gorgeous Images appeared as trend theme of modern fashion by mixing religious mysticism of the Byzantine Empire. Mysticism element is using the effect of splendid and gorgeous colors from the Orient rather than forms. And a philosophy of abundant colors in mosaics, which are seen in art forms such as architecture, paintings, etc., shows that it creates some visual rooms for religious spirits. Influenced by the fashion of the Greco-Roman style, the elegant beauty element is expressing abundant comfort and elegant feminine lines that are from creases, and it is also emphasizing natural beauty which seems to slip down by displaying the splendid images of Gorgeous as drapes that fit a body. Ornament element was reflecting an inspiration from the splendid and brilliant culture of religion in the Byzantine Age. Therefore, it was appeared as a style filling the whole with bulky silks, splendid ornamental materials embroidered in gold or silver thread, the complicated geometric patterns that are two-dimensional and dignified, and so on. It was decorated with crosses which represent Christianity as a motif, and also it emphasized the splendor of the Byzantine and dazzling splendid images of Gorgeous by using accessaries decorated with various jewels. The elements of sublime beauty are showing the beauty adding humble and majestic images to it as designs sought by spiritual values or intrinsic values. Those designs, so to speak, have pretense which does not allow to expose a body and plain pure feeling, so that they are showing some abstinent styles in a solemn atmosphere, with most details removed. We can say the Fashion Theme appearing in Modern Times is the result from representing by combining various factors of the times with formative beauty through creative works for aesthetic expression. The moderners are requiring new designs which is possible to meet their individualities, in addition to their outstanding fashion senses. From this point of view, a variety of textiles, patterns, and colors in the Byzantine have a great meaning to fulfill people's various desires as interesting elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.18
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• pp.321-337
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• 1992

Fashions are constantly subject to change, so that forecasting trends in fashion is very difficult and the forecasting is very important. The reason is that forecasting is identifying a hot trend for the next days' business and projecting the future. The purpose of this study is to suggest the realistic forecasting theory identify fashion trends at present, further forecast fashion trends to 1995. For this study, historical models (th historical resurrection model, the historical continuity model) and the art movement model among the behavioral science models which was suggested in 1986 by Geoge B.Sproles were selected. According to this study, was exhibited. This curve was resulted from relation between 1980s fashion trends and the behavioral science models of fashion. Fashion trends to 1995 through will be followings; 1. Body Conscious look as one of the characteristics of modern fashion will bi continued throughout 1990s' fashion trends. 2. The attraction of Mini style was started from the middle of 1980s, recently gets near micro mini and super shouts, These are representative of the historical continuity model. 3. Mini look as revivals of '60s in early 1990s fashion trends. This phenomenon identifies that "Fashion is repetition" 4. When Mini look and super shorts reach, will not progress any more. In this time, will bi seen transfer of style be using classic style. Tat is modern classic will be appeared. also this condition is same from late 1960s to early 1970s. In view of the historical base, the action of the varieted pants will be prominent. 5. Fashion trends which passed through this process will transfer from young look to elegant look. In this time, designers will retrospect '30s and '50s fashion trends, and then will design modern feminine look. 6. Ethnic look, the fashion trend after that condition will be accelated feminine look. This look with the feminine look will reveal rich, colorful, elegance feminine image. 7. In 1980s, activity and function in clothes were demanded. The clothes which are considered these condition will be demanded continuously. 8. The variety of fashion will appear as mixmode and new coordinate look in a clothes simultaneously in fashion of '90s. And these looks will creat mixed beauty. 9. Pop art, op art, graphic art will be not only development of textile but also movement of fashion soul in 1990s. The fashion behavior will be continuously scientificated.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.255-268
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• 2011

This study carefully explored today's preferable beauty images, analyzed Korean adult purchasing trends of functional underwear and market analysis of the most popular items and their designs. Information and methods are based largely on reference book material as well as analysis of real domestic data. The paper's research timeline simply spans the last three years, as in accordance with project parameters. Helping improve body shape, foundation literally means 'substructur' and 'base'. The formativeness in these adult foundations typically has three main category classifications. First, natural modern image. This is where we find natural beauty including that which embodies a cool modern sense. Here, you can often see such patterns as either stripes and dots, or simply no patterns at all. Colors are green, red-brown, incarnadine, or khaki from a natural or basic human body color. Its products are marketed as both solid and durable eco-friendly materials, and lace-seethrough. Fashion's natural modern image is undoubtedly the most popular style purchase choice among both genders. Second, sweet romantic image. This mainly consists of two concepts : a sweet and romantic theme, and visual appeal. Patterns include flowers, lips, heart, stars, candies and various other appealing characters. Its main colors are pink, yellow, red, purple, and violet. Products are decorated with laces, frills and ribbons. Since only men's semi-girdles carry such designs, this fashion foundation is largely a women's world. While men show an obvious interest in foundation, they still mostly prefer the choice of natural modern images. Third, mystic sexy image. This is defined as all feminine images of mysterious and classic sexual beauty. Patterns are variously expressed as paisley, flowers, and geometric. Colors are largely purple, blue-green, royal-blue, cobalt, and black. Products are commonly decorated with beading, spangles, hot-fixes and so on. While this image can be found in all kinds of women's foundations, it typically appears only in men's corsets and girdles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50
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• pp.85-96
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• 2000

The study is aimed to analyse social and cultural background and to compare the changes of the cosmetic culture in Korea and the western countries accompanied by the developemnt os the cosmetic industry in the 20th century. The cosmetic culture of Korea has kept on changing adopting the new western style make up, These changes were very closely related with the current sociocultural environments and the developments of the cosmetic industry. The analysis and comparison of Korean cosmetic culture and that of Western countries can be summarized as following: Fistly the cosmetic culture of korea came out after Korean War through the improt of western movies. Secondly at the beginning of accommodation of the western concept of beauty the standards of beauty were confused with that of traditional make up. Thirdly in terms of the history of costumes in the western cosmetic culture the trend was feminine and curve lineal style in the 1910s straight and young style in the 1920s Young elegant curve lineal style and straight-line style replaced among themselves in every 10 years and the cycle became more rapid after the 1970s and there were diversity in the cosmetic culture affected by the postmodernism Fourthly the cosmetic culture of :total fashion" was taken into consideration. Fifthly the cosmetic culture of "total fashion" was taken into consideration. fifthly the make up of Korean and that of western countries are not only a way to express of aesthetic desire for beauty but sanitary management and it is a kind of an expansion of value for management for an inner self. Now is the time to refuse the attitude of accommodation of the western cosmetic culture without any consideration. We need to rediscover our traditional cosmetic culture and cultural distinctiveness and try to mix them with the western cosmetic culture in order to develop our own peculiar style which will be able to Korean design remain in the international stage and grow further.d grow further.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2021

Unlike nail care, nail art is a field with strong decorative elements that decorate the surface of the nail. In line with the trend of the times, which freely expresses one's personality, nail art is establishing itself as a definite and a key area in the beauty industry. Currently, design creation and technology developments are important, with the release of various nail materials and new trends that spread through mass media. Despite the great developments in the nail beauty industry, there is a lack for nail artists. Due to this fact, it is considered a necessary to combine nail art with the contemporary art styles, which have various motifs of design, and to study nail art design using them. In response, this study selected art from the Rococo era, where delicate and colorful decorative elements were at their peak, to consider the artistic styles of the time and present them in various nail designs. This study would like to expand the scope of new nail designs by suggesting colorful and feminine designs to women, who are the main customers of nail salon. In addition, the purpose of this study is to provide nail artists with basic materials that can be used in creative ideas and expressions, such as 2D and 3D nail designs, and composite nail design art, which are the art areas for nail art.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.382-390
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• 2006

In the 21st century, men is expressing the femininity instead of the muscularity. And a boundary line between a man and a woman is not clear any more. A man is interested in the lifestyle of a woman, and he imitates her fashion styles, hairstyles, accessories, make-up, and plastic surgery. He is called as "Metrosexual" or "Crossexual". Nowadays, men as well as women can satisfy the wants for beauty. The beautiful appearance of a man has a good impact on the social relationships. The feminizing trends are generally accepted and are shown in the silhouettes, details, colors, fabrics and accessories. The feminizing trends in men's knitwear are shown in the various items. They have slim silhouettes and feminine details. Also they are made of bulky yarns or fancy yarns, and various stitches for texture effects. The most outstanding changes in men's knitwear are the vivid colors and flower patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 1989

Dress is an expressive art form which involves a human activity; utilizes techniques under sufficient technical control that results in the production of typical forms on the basis of aesthetic standards. This study was conducted to clarify a relationship of Impressionism and it's image in dress-Bustle style. Artists such as Manet, Renoir, Cezanne, Gogh, Gauguin, and Rodin were reviewed. Impressionism was a method of painting that consists in repoducing an impression exactly as it is experienced from contemplation nature. The Impressionists used a technique of separate, fragmented brush strokes and pure prismatic colore, aiming at rendering changing effects of light. Fashion designers such as Charles Worth, Givency, Cardin, Ungaro, and Lacroix were examined. Throughout their fashions, they focused on the naturalism of feminine and seductive image-the touch of Vegetable Venus depicted on the paintings of Manet and Renoir; expressed "unmitigated sexiness" in various forms of Bustle sytle creating a seductive beauty, revealing body contour, breast and legs, and using a fragmented motif and flowers with vivid color.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.59-69
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes and intended meanings of decorations in women pants. Cross correlation was used to analyze 1829 pictures which appeared in national fashion magazines from 1969 to 2005. Three analysis categories were used: 1. type of decoration, 2. style, 3. fabric. The results of this investigation were as follows: (a) the decoration gave salience to the expressive function on the pants by merging different things, (b) the decoration acted on expressive media of new feminine beauty, and (c) the decoration reflected cultural identity through the addition of elements that represents different cultures or subcultures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.563-573
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• 2009

This study analyzed the trends and aesthetic characteristics of fur design found in the contemporary fashion to examine the status of fur material in the contemporary fashion design, and through an analysis of the meaning it attempted to come up with a new viewpoint and form on material for the future fashion design. A literature review was used to explore the kinds and properties of furs. In addition, an empirical analysis of works that have appeared in fashion collections since the year 2000 was conducted with local and foreign fashion magazines such as Gap, Vogue, and Mode & Mode and other publications related to fashion collections. In the contemporary fashion, the trends of fur design are represented by use of various items, material combinations, application to decorative purposes(like trimmings, details, or accessories), and a wide range of colors and textures available by advanced dyeing and finishing techniques. The aesthetic values intrinsic to fur design are that the expression of conspicuous luxury covers even the qualitative aspect of luxury and adds fashionable images to casual items, contributing to the popularization of fur fashion, by using a variety of artificial furs; the expression of sensual feminine beauty allows the animal and primitive feel characteristic of furs to convert a feminine body into a sensual image of more than a simple biological impulse; and the expression of hybridity presents a new viewpoint through distortions, exaggerations, deviations from the existing constituent forms, or futuristic sensibilities in all elements of fashion design.