• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.101-122
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• 2014

In this study, the Pine & Gilmore(1998) and Schmitt(1999, 2003), based on previous studies. Recent trends in large department stores and distribution outlets, discount stores and large retail centers, such as the consumer's experience is divided into internal and external fashion brand stores navigation study. Fashion Brand Stores are defined as the inside of the fashion brand store of the form that sells only the products of a fashion company's brand. Meanwhile, shopping center is defined as all the places at the inside and out of the shopping center excluding the inside of the fashion brand store. Likewise, definitions are clarified as such for use. As for the research method for this study, semi-structured focus group interviews were used since they could provide many more data compared to in-depth interviews. Accordingly, data was collected while carrying out free discussions while two to three subjects listened to each other's opinion regarding the key words raised by the interviewer and while thinking about their experience at the inside and outside of the fashion brand stores. As for the subjects, female consumers between the ages of 20 and 50 were targeted, and the interviews conducted with four, seven, four and three women in their 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s, were used, respectively. Likewise, there were a total of 18 subjects. Exploratory Study of Customer Experience area was classified into integration of significance and categorization. In particular, the contents were classified into elements of experience inside the fashion brand stores and fashion brand stores outsider experience in the shopping center elements and the elements of the common experience of fashion stores and shopping centers based on the results concerning the key contents identified in-depth from the customer aspect. The key experience elements at the inside of fashion brand stores were identified as VMD experience, emotional experience, and experience of the service provided by sales representatives. As for the key experience elements at the shopping center which is at the outside of the fashion brand store, they included service scape experience, cultural event experience, playful behavior experience. Meanwhile, elements of common experience included educational experience and exclusivity experience and human respect experience, which demonstrated some difference in terms of the contents.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2017

In this study we surveyed the preferences of consumer packaging for mini pot flower plants to improve the flower market application in Korea. The surveys were consisted of the consumers residing in Seoul metropolitan (221), Gyeonsang (70), Jeonla (29), Chungceong (19), Gangwon (7), other provinces (3). A total of 349 eligible respondents (male 173, female 176) were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire asking on the general characteristics for residents, packaging material, packaging design, type of flower pot, degree of transparency, convenience, consumer's demand for packaging development, a significant point when purchasing the flower pot product. The collected date was analyzed using a chi-square (${\chi}^2$) statistical test in SPSS program. Most residents prefer for mini pot flower plants packed with packaging characteristics of plastic material (56.4%), packaging design of separated type (76.2%), angled type (62.5%), and transparency (48.6%). The other question results showed that major consumer's demand for mini pot flower plants is maintaining the freshness quality and stability structure for them. Transparency of packaging can also affect directly the preferences for purchasing the mini pot flower plants. The packaging structure with a proper shape design may protect the fresh mini pot flower plants from shock or any other damage during distribution. The results of this study help to provide consumer's demand for packaging development and to give the greatest advantages in terms of production and marketability of mini pot flower plants.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2002

In order to reflect emotion and sensibility of consumers to textile pattern design, the effect of design elements of block stripe pattern on sensitivity was investigated. The stimuli were manipulated with 4 design elements of value difference (3 levels), arrangement (2 levels), width (2 levels) and interval (3 levels). Among the 36 combinations, 27 stimuli, which showed independent sensibility results in the pretest, were adopted as final stimuli. Male and female university students (n=30) evaluated each sensibility subjectively using a questionnaire developed for this study. The effect of design elements on 12 sensibility dimensions drawn by factor analysis and the relationships between the physical quantities of each stimulus and the sensibilities were investigated. As the results of ANOVA for the effect of design elements on sensibility, there were more significant differences in sensibility in the orders of value difference, interval, width, and arrangement. The value difference showed the highest explanatory power. Looking at the sensibility differences according to the level of design elements, the narrower the width of the stripe, the more 'humble', 'clean', 'modern', 'simple', and 'comfortable', and the narrower the interval between stripes, the more 'impressive' and 'conservative' The smaller the value difference, the more 'luxurious', 'modern', 'humble', 'simple', 'soft', and 'clean'. Regression models to predict the 12 sensibilities showed higher values of goodness of fit except 'conservative', 'casual' and 'modern', which were all over 0.6. Based on these results, 2 design prototypes reflecting consumer's sensibility were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2089-2099
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• 2015

This study examined the relationships between the blood heavy metal (Pb, Hg and Cd) concentration and exposure-related factors. The subjects were 2,042 (male: 953, female: 1,089) who were recruited through a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Differences in the concentrations of mercury were observed in males, whereas females showed differences in lead and cadmium. Analyses of the blood concentrations according to body mass index and waist circumference showed significantly higher concentrations of mercury. In males, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. In females, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. The blood lead and cadmium concentrations of male smokers was higher than non-smokers, and cadmium showed the same results in females. The blood lead levels were higher in male alcohol consumers than non-drinkers. The blood concentrations of mercury and cadmium showed significant differences according to household income. Blood concentrations of heavy metals were closely related to exposure-related factors, and age, smoking, drinking alcohols, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and household income were found to be relevant.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.276-285
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• 2016

In the highly competitive cosmetic industry, each cosmetic brand is striving to increase its profit by providing excellent product quality and delightful marketing campaigns. In this regard, this study investigates consumers' post-purchasing decision-making processes. It considers the two critical post-purchasing behaviors as repurchasing intention and recommendation intention. We posit customer satisfaction and brand image as the key antecedents of post-purchasing behaviors. The effects of cosmetic quality, price fairness, and event activities on consumer satisfaction and brand image are examined. We conducted a questionnaire survey of women in their twenties, which are critical groups in consumer life cycle of cometic products. Data collected from 163 female respondents were empirically tested against a theoretical framework using partial least squares. Analysis results found that both consumer satisfaction and brand image significantly influence post-purchasing behaviors, respectively. Especially, brand image has a stronger effect on post-purchasing behaviors than customer satisfaction does. Cosmetic quality and price fairness play an important role on customer satisfaction and brand image. However, event activities significantly affect consumer satisfaction, while they do not significantly influence brand image.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.385-396
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the recognition of citizens in Busan on the doctor-designation system, the awareness of medical consumers with experience of using this system and their satisfaction in an effort to seek ways of improving this system. The subjects in this study were the selected citizens in Busan who were at the age of 20 and up. As a result, it's found that the largest group of the respondents was female, in their 20s, received college or higher education, students and in the service industry, and that the most common monthly mean income was between two and 2.99 million won. 27.7 percent were aware of the doctor-designation system, and 23.7 percent became cognizant of the system through others who had used it. The rate of knowing the rules of the doctor-designation system (the right answer) stood at 66.3 percent. They got to know about the system through mass media(31.9%), and used it since it offered highly specialized treatment(57.5%). The respondents who had used it intended to reuse it(76.3%), and the reason was that they were provided with high-class medical services (35.2%). The respondents who had used this system got a mean of 2.96 in satisfaction level, which was not high in general. They mentioned more publicity efforts(91.2%), offering information in a conspicuous place (96.7%) and cutting doctor-designation treatment fee as a means of improving this system. As for how to ensure the operating efficiency of the system, sustained publicity seem to be necessary to raise awareness of the system among patients, and it's required to take measures to relieve patients of financial burden caused by medical bills.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.318-323
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the levels of awareness of fermented vegetable beverages according to consumers' gender. The data were obtained through questionnaires completed randomly by 441 respondents and analyzed using the SPSS, t-tests, ANOVA, X-square tests, multiple regression, and logistic regression analyses. Among 441 respondents, 32.9% of male and 30.2% of female ever consumed fermented vegetable beverages. This beverage were consumed as an alternative for water in males (6.3%) and in females (7.9%) which was the most common reason for consumption. As for the most common reason for non-consumption, males (5.9%) and females (6.6%) responded that they did not consume fermented vegetable beverages because people around them have never consumed fermented vegetable beverages. The awareness that fermented vegetable beverages help reduce hunger was higher in females (3.2%) than and in males (2.9%). These results revealed that the awareness of fermented vegetable beverages as hunger alleviators was more prevalent in females than in males which can be used as preliminary data for research on the development of fermented vegetable beverages.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.41-60
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were 1)to examine the conceptual structure of purchasing motives and information seeking of beauty service, 2)to find out the effects of purchasing motives on information seeking, and 3)to investigate the differences of purchasing motives and information seeking according to the demographic variables. The questionnaire was developed based on pretest and previous studies, and completed by 331 female consumers living in Seoul and Busan. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, Cronbach's a, regression analysis, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, and Duncan test. The results are as follows; First, factor analysis showed that the purchasing motives of beauty services consisted of five factors, such as Fashionableness, Impulse purchase, Special event, Mood & Recreation, and Practical purchasing needs. And the information seeking for beauty services consisted of four factors, such as Mass media, Opinions of neighbors, Experience & Observation, and Sales hook. Second, mass media was effected by fashionableness, impulse purchase, special event, and mood & recreation. Experience & Observation was effected by fashionableness, special event, and mood & recreation. Sales hook was effected by fashionableness, and impulse purchase. Third, the dimensions of purchasing motives and information seeking of beauty service were significantly different according to age, marriage or unmarried, and duties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.856-865
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• 2010

Many efforts to develop the domestic fashion industry have continued under the influence of a rapidly changing fashion industry environment. The fashion industry has emerged as a future growth industry leading lifestyle and as a core industry for the culture biz. Since the 2000's the markets that combined party and fashion wear as a new cultural trend has grown and an in-depth study of design development for party wear is required. This study presents basic materials for design development for the future domestic woman character casual brand prior to the design development by analyzing design characteristics of domestic female character casual brands. In the research methods, nine brands were selected based on the discussion of ten fashion specialists and then the brand concept, target, configuration of items, price, and design characteristics were analyzed. The following conclusions were drawn from this study. First, each brand concentrated the main focus on establishing a clear and unique brand identity that meets the needs of consumers to enhance competitiveness in the woman's dress market. To enhance competitiveness, many character casual brands targeting women aged 20's and 30's (including BEART) held party wear goods exhibitions as the market for party wear has increased significantly. Second, according to study results of the selected nine brand designs, it was found that the style characteristic of each brand varies depending on concept. However, all nine brand designs developed various styles such as feminine and cute style making use of laces, ruffles, A line silhouette, colorful motifs, and a stylish style that used layers with various materials along with unique decorations based on romantic emotions. Third, seven hundred and thirty eight pictures of nine brands were analyzed by items without identifying brands. According to the result of the analysis, the percentage of items used by brands was as follows: a one-piece dress was 34.5%, jacket 25.7%, skirt and pants 15.5%, blouse and shirt 13.6%, and tops 10.6%. The result showed that one-piece dresses accounted for the highest percentage. Frill accounted for 16.6%, the highest percentage followed by ribbons at 16% in regards to detail and trimming.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1155-1172
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• 2009

Wearable computers can be defined as next generation clothing integrated with various digital functions and devices. Unlike existing computers, they are viewed as human-centric computers customized for information utilization and other specific human needs. This study is intended to discover how consumers are accepting wearable computers, which are different from existing computers, based on Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) and to extend the model by adding variable regarding acceptance of wearable computers. A total of 683 copies of questionnaires, distributed to those aged 19 and older, both male and female, were collected online. The data was statistically analyzed for this study using the extended TAM. In order to test hypotheses, the structural equation model using the Lisrel 8.30 version was performed. For analyzing constructs(or traits) of research model, exploratory factor was conducted and the measurement model was assessed from the result. Reliability was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis and the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Overall, model fit was assessed by statistical indexes: Chi-square value, GFI, AGFI, and RMR. This study analyzed the process of acceptance of wearable computers with the extended TAM that includes a variable, perceived value, on the basis of previous studies. The results of the analysis revealed that attitude toward wearable computer was directly influenced by perceived usefulness and perceived value but indirectly influenced by perceived ease of use. Acceptance intention of the wearable computer was directly influenced by perceived value and attitude toward wearable computer. To be more specific, perceived usefulness was significantly correlated with both attitude toward wearable computer and acceptance intention of the wearable computer. Perceived value was also significantly correlated with both attitude toward wearable computer and acceptance intention of the wearable computer. The results of this study also suggested that perceived ease of use was actually a causal antecedent to perceived usefulness and perceived value. This research revealed that extended TAM to investigate the acceptance of wearable computer was appropriate. This study is intended to provide a theoretical framework for adoption of wearable computer and suggest empirical analysis that can serve as a guide for wearable computer.